Anhydrous Proton Conduction Through a Chemically Robust Electrolyte Enabling a High-Temperature Non-Precious Metal Catalyzed Fuel Cell.

Fuel cells offer great promise for portable electricity generation, but their use is currently limited by their low durability, excessive operating temperatures, and expensive precious metal electrodes. It is therefore essential to develop fuel cell systems that can perform effectively using more robust electrolyte materials, at reasonable temperatures, with lower-cost electrodes. Recently, proton exchange membrane fuel cells have attracted attention due to their generally favorable chemical stability and quick start-up times.

Advancements in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a series of diseases, involving excessive lipid deposition in the liver and is often accompanied by obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, abnormal blood pressure, and other metabolic disorders. In order to more accurately reflect its pathogenesis, an international consensus renamed NAFLD in 2020 as metabolic (dysfunction) associated with fatty liver disease (MAFLD). The changes in diet and lifestyle are recognized the non-drug treatment strategies; however, due to the complex pathogenesis of NAFLD, the current drug therapies are mainly focused on its pathogenic factors, key links of pathogenesis, and related metabolic disorders as targets.

Flexible three-dimensional diacetylene functionalized covalent organic frameworks for efficient iodine capture.

The construction of functionalized covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is of great significance for broadening their potential applications, but is yet challenging to achieve, especially for three-dimensional (3D) COFs, because the connection of the building organic skeleton must strictly follow the pre-designed topology. Here we present the synthesis of two diamondyne-like 3D COFs (CPOF-2 and CPOF-3) functionalized with acetylene (-CC-) and diacetylene (-CC-CC-), respectively. The obtained COFs show a high crystallinity, permanent porosity, and chemical stability.

Recent Advances in Porous Polymers for Solid-State Rechargeable Lithium Batteries.

The application of rechargeable lithium batteries involves all aspects of our daily life, such as new energy vehicles, computers, watches and other electronic mobile devices, so it is becoming more and more important in contemporary society. However, commercial liquid rechargeable lithium batteries have safety hazards such as leakage or explosion, all-solid-state lithium rechargeable lithium batteries will become the best alternatives. But the biggest challenge we face at present is the large solid-solid interface contact resistance between the solid electrolyte and the electrode as well as the low ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte.

Mutational landscape of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia in Chinese patients.

Background: Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a rare and heterogeneous hematological malignancy. It has been shown that the molecular abnormalities such as ASXL1, TET2, SETBP1, and SRSF2 mutations are common in Caucasian population.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 178 Chinese CMML patients.

In Operando Neutron Scattering Multiple-Scale Studies of Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Real-time observation of the electrochemical mechanistic behavior at various scales offers new insightful information to improve the performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). As complementary to the X-ray-based techniques and electron microscopy-based methodologies, neutron scattering provides additional and unique advantages in materials research, owing to the different interactions with atomic nuclei. The non-Z-dependent elemental contrast, in addition to the high penetration ability and weak interaction with matters, makes neutron scattering an advanced probing tool for the in operando mechanistic studies of LIBs.

Identification of acquired PIGA mutations and additional variants by next-generation sequencing in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.

Introduction: Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired clonal disease of hematopoietic stem cells. It is caused by somatic mutation of the X-linked PIGA gene, resulting in a deficient expression of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins (GPI-APs). In this study, we aimed to explore the diagnostic value of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and potential molecular basis in PNH patients.

Low-Dose Decitabine Assists Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Protecting Cells via the Modulation of the Macrophage Phenotype in Type 2 Diabetic Mice.

Background: Progressive -cell dysfunction, a major characteristic of type 2 diabetes (T2D), is closely related to the infiltration of inflammatory macrophages within islets. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been identified to alleviate -cell dysfunction by modulating macrophage phenotype in T2D, but the restoration of -cells by a single MSC infusion is relatively transient. Decitabine (DAC) has been reported to polarize macrophages towards the anti-inflammatory phenotype at low doses.

High Uptake and Fast Transportation of LiPF in a Porous Aromatic Framework for Solid-State Li-Ion Batteries.

Solid-state Li-ion batteries (SSLIBs) have recently attracted substantial attention from scientists for the advantages of better safety performance. However, there are still several key challenges in SSLIBs that need to be addressed, such as low energy density, poor thermal stability or cycle stability, and large interface resistance. This contribution introduces a novel SSLIB with a porous aromatic framework (PAF-1) accommodating LiPF that was used as the solid-state electrolyte (SSE) replacing the liquid electrolyte and diaphragm of traditional Li-ion batteries.

A simple way to synthesize large-scale CuO/Ag nanoflowers for ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection.

Here, we report a simple strategy to prepare highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates based on Ag decorated CuO nanoparticles by combining two common techniques, viz, thermal oxidation growth of CuO nanoparticles and magnetron sputtering fabrication of a Ag nanoparticle film. Methylene blue is used as the Raman analyte for the SERS study, and the substrates fabricated under optimized conditions have very good sensitivity (analytical enhancement factor ∼10), stability, and reproducibility. A linear dependence of the SERS intensities with the concentration was obtained with an R value >0.

Extracellular ADP facilitates monocyte recruitment in bacterial infection via ERK signaling.

As the most prominent clinical drug targets for the inhibition of platelet aggregation, P2Y and P2Y have been found to be highly expressed in both platelets and macrophages. However, the roles and function of P2Y in the regulation of macrophage-mediated innate immune responses remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP), the endogenous ligand of P2Y, P2Y and P2Y, was released both in E.