The Association of Brain Insulin Resistance with Anesthesia/Surgery-Induced Cognitive Deterioration Is Female-Specific in 5XFAD Transgenic Mice.

Background: Our previous studies indicated that anesthesia/surgery could aggravate cognitive impairment and tau pathology in female 5XFAD transgenic (Tg) mice. However, it is unknown whether there are sex differences in the susceptibility of developing postoperative cognitive dysfunction in 5XFAD Tg mice.

Objective: In this study, we aim to determine whether anesthesia/surgery can have different effects on female and male 5XFAD Tg mice, and to explore the underpinning mechanisms.

Association of Gene Mutation with Primary Nephrotic Syndrome in Children in Guangxi Autonomous Region, China.

To investigate the association between gene mutation and primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) in children in Guangxi Autonomous Region, China. The high-throughput sequencing technology was used to sequence gene in 155 children with PNS in Guangxi Autonomous Region in China, with 98 healthy children serving as controls. Twenty-three exon-specific capture probes targeting were designed and used to hybridize with the genomic DNA library.

NIR-responsive magnesium phosphate cement loaded with simvastatin-nanoparticles with biocompatibility and osteogenesis ability.

The insufficient osteogenesis of magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) limits its biomedical application. It is of great significance to develop a bioactive MPC with osteogenic performance. In this study, an injectable MPC was reinforced by the incorporation of a near infrared (NIR)-responsive nanocontainer, which was based on simvastatin (SIM)-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) modified with a polydopamine (PDA) bilayer, named SMP.

An Injectable Magnesium-Based Cement Stimulated with NIR for Drug-Controlled Release and Osteogenic Potential.

Magnesium phosphate bone cement (MPC) has gained widespread usage in orthopedic implantation due to its fast-setting and high initial strength benefits. However, the simultaneous attainment of drug-controlled release and osteogenic potential in MPC remains a significant challenge. Herein, a strategy to create a smart injectable cement system using nanocontainers and chondroitin sulfate is proposed.

Genome-wide association study in Alzheimer's disease: a bibliometric and visualization analysis.

Background: Thousands of research studies concerning genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been published in the last decades. However, a comprehensive understanding of the current research status and future development trends of GWAS in AD have not been clearly shown. In this study, we tried to gain a systematic overview of GWAS in AD by bibliometric and visualization analysis.

Self-Assembled Multilayered Coatings with Multiple Cyclic Self-Healing Capability, Bacteria Killing, Osteogenesis, and Angiogenesis Properties on Magnesium Alloys.

Self-healing coatings improve the durability of magnesium (Mg) implants, but rapid corrosion still poses a challenge in the healing stage. Moreover, Mg-based materials with acceptable bacteria killing, osteogenic and angiogenic properties are challenging in biomedical applications. Herein, the self-healing polymeric coatings are fabricated on Mg alloys using the spin-assisted layer-by-layer (SLbL) assembly of hyaluronic acid (HA) and branched polyethyleneimine (bPEI) followed by chemical crosslinking treatment.

NIR-responsive injectable magnesium phosphate bone cement loaded with icariin promotes osteogenesis.

There were defects like limited osteogenesis and fast drug release in traditional magnesium phosphate bone cement (MPC). In this study, we loaded icariin in a mesoporous nano silica container modified by polydopamine and then added it and citric acid into MPC (IHP-CA MPCs). The results indicate that IHP-CA MPCs have a long curing time, almost neutral pH value, excellent injectability, and compressive strength.

Global trends and prospects about synaptic plasticity in Alzheimer's disease: a bibliometric analysis.

Background And Purpose: In recent years, synaptic plasticity disorders have been identified as one of the key pathogenic factors and the early pathological characteristics of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we tried to use bibliometric analysis to gain a systematic understanding about synaptic plasticity in Alzheimer's disease.

Methods: We extracted relevant publications from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) on August 29th, 2022.

Psychological Capital and Self-Acceptance Modified the Association of Depressive Tendency with Self-Rated Health of College Students in China during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: To explore the association between the self-reported health status, depressive tendency, psychological capital, and self-acceptance of college students in China during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Using the online survey platform "questionnaire star", a two-phase cross-sectional study was conducted on a total number of 1438 undergraduates with informed consents. The questionnaires of Self-Rated Health Measurement Scale (SRHMS), the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ-24), and self-acceptance questionnaire were administered to each participant.

pH/NIR-responsive and self-healing coatings with bacteria killing, osteogenesis, and angiogenesis performances on magnesium alloy.

Although biodegradable polymer coatings can impede corrosion of magnesium (Mg)-based orthopedic implants, they are prone to excessive degradation and accidental scratching in practice. Bone implant-related infection and limited osteointegration are other factors that adversely impact clinical application of Mg-based biomedical implants. Herein, a self-healing polymeric coating is constructed on the Mg alloy together with incorporation of a stimuli-responsive drug delivery nanoplatform by a spin-spray layer-by-layer (SSLbL) assembly technique.

Gα13-Mediated Signaling Cascade Is Related to the Tau Pathology Caused by Anesthesia and Surgery in 5XFAD Transgenic Mice.

Background: Our previous studies indicated that anesthesia and surgery could aggravate cognitive impairment of 5XFAD transgenic (Tg) mice, and this aggravation was associated with tau hyperphosphorylation. We previously identified that GNA13 (the gene encoding Gα13) was a hub gene with tau hyperphosphorylation.

Objective: This study aims to further investigate the mechanism that whether the Gα13-mediated signaling pathway acts as an instigator to regulate cofilin activation and autophagy impairment in this process.

Bibliometric analysis of global research profile on ketogenic diet therapies in neurological diseases: Beneficial diet therapies deserve more attention.

Background: The protective effects of Ketogenic Diet Therapies (KDTs) on neurological diseases have been extensively studied over the past two decades. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the publication of KDTs in the neurological field from 2000 to 2021.

Methods: A literature search was performed on June 7th, 2022, using the search terms: (("ketone" OR "ketogenic" OR "*hydroxybuty*") AND ("neuro*")) in the WoSCC database.

Ultrasound-guided transversus thoracic muscle plane-pectoral nerve block for postoperative analgesia after modified radical mastectomy: a comparison with the thoracic paravertebral nerve block.

Background: Modified radical mastectomy (MRM) is the most effective and common type of invasive surgery for breast cancer. However, it causes moderate to severe acute pain and even lasts for a long postoperative period. Transversus thoracic muscle plane-pectoral nerve block (TTP-PECS) is a novel and promising interfacial plane block which can provide analgesia for MRM while thoracic paravertebral nerve block (TPVB) is also widely used for this purpose.

Construction of a ternary system: a strategy for the rapid formation of porous poly(lactic acid) fibers.

Combining electrospinning technology with nonsolvent induced phase separation (ESP-NIPS), 10 wt% poly(lactic acid) (PLA) spinning solutions are prepared by using chloroform as a good solvent and absolute ethanol as a nonsolvent. The "PLA/CHCl/CHOH" ternary system is constituted to realize the rapid preparation of porous-structured PLA fibers. The morphologies, thermal properties and crystalline structures of the obtained fibers are characterized and the rapid forming mechanism of PLA porous fibers is investigated and discussed.

Stress Granules Modulate SYK to Cause Tau-Associated Neurocognitive Deterioration in 5XFAD Mouse After Anesthesia and Surgery.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia. However, no curative therapy has been found effective to slow down the process of AD. It is reported that anesthesia and surgery will induce neurocognitive deterioration in AD, but the mechanism is not quite clear.

Develop a Clinical Prediction Model for Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction after Major Noncardiac Surgery in Elderly Patients: A Protocol for a Prospective Observational Study.

Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs) refer to cognitive decline identified in the preoperative or postoperative period. It has been reported that the incidence of postoperative neurocognitive impairment after noncardiac surgery in patients older than 65 at 1 week was 25.8∼41.

Identification of key transcriptome biomarkers based on a vital gene module associated with pathological changes in Alzheimer's disease.

Dysregulation of transcriptome expression has been reported to play an increasingly significant role in AD. In this study, we firstly identified a vital gene module associated with the accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) using the WGCNA method. The vital module, named target module, was then employed for the identification of key transcriptome biomarkers.

[D-Ala, D-Leu] Enkephalin Inhibits TLR4/NF-B Signaling Pathway and Protects Rat Brains against Focal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Background: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is the main cause of acute brain injury, which is a life-threatening disease due to the lack of effective treatments. [D-Ala, D-Leu] enkephalin (DADLE) is a synthetic delta-opioid receptor agonist that is reported to confer neuroprotective effect; however, the underlying mechanism is still being explored. The purpose of the present study is to determine whether DADLE administrated intracerebroventricularly could attenuate the cerebral I/R injury, to determine if this is through inhibiting the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-B) signaling pathway and therefore inhibiting neuroinflammation in an ischemic stroke model.

Neuregulin-1 Protects the Rat Diaphragm during Sepsis against Oxidative Stress and Inflammation by Activating the PI3K/Akt Pathway.

Sepsis-induced diaphragm dysfunction (SIDD) which is mainly characterized by decrease in diaphragmatic contractility has been identified to cause great harms to patients. Therefore, there is an important and pressing need to find effective treatments for improving SIDD. In addition, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity is a vital property of the diaphragm, so we evaluated both diaphragmatic contractility and AChE activity.

Regionally infused lidocaine can dose-dependently protect the ischemic spinal cord in rabbits and may be associated with the EAA changes.

Objective: In our previous study, we found that lidocaine, infused through the abdominal aorta, could protect the spinal cord against the ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury caused by aortic occlusion. However, whether lidocaine protective effects have dose-dependent properties and its underlying mechanisms still remain unclear. This study was designed to investigate whether regionally infused lidocaine could dose-dependently protect spinal cord against I/R injury in rabbits and its underlying mechanism.

Effects of D‑Ala2, D‑Leu5‑Enkephalin pre‑ and post‑conditioning in a rabbit model of spinal cord ischemia and reperfusion injury.

It has recently been revealed that during the aorta‑clamped period, D‑Ala2, D‑Leu5‑Enkephalin (DADLE) infusion can protect the spinal cord against ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the protective effects of DADLE administration prior to ischemia or at the time of early reperfusion have not yet been investigated. Drug pre‑ or post‑conditioning can serve as a more valuable clinical strategy.

Fabrication and characterization of electrospun PLLA/PANI/TSA fibers.

Poly(l-lactic acid)/polyaniline/-toluene sulfonic acid composites (PLLA/PANI/TSA) were synthesized an emulsion polymerization-composition method with TSA as the dopant for PANI, and the structures and properties of the composites were characterized and analyzed. Conductive fiber tubes of PLLA/PANI/TSA were fabricated using electrospinning-knitting technology, and the effects of electrical stimulation on the growth and proliferation of osteoblast cells over the fiber tubes were investigated. The polymerization of PANI and the preparation of the PLLA/PANI/TSA composites were carried out a one-step emulsion polymerization-composition or two-step method, where the reaction time of the two-step method was shorter and its yield higher than that of the one-step method.

The Role of Oxidative Stress in Decreased Acetylcholinesterase Activity at the Neuromuscular Junction of the Diaphragm during Sepsis.

Our recent study demonstrated that acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) of the diaphragm decreased during sepsis. However, the mechanisms were not clearly identified. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the decreased AChE activity was related to oxidative stress by observing AChE activity in different grades of sepsis induced by caecal ligation and puncture (CLP).

Antioxidative and Antiapoptotic Effects of Delta-Opioid Peptide [D-Ala, D-Leu] Enkephalin on Spinal Cord Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rabbits.

In our previous study, we found that regional administration of delta-opioid peptide [D-Ala, D-Leu] enkephalin (DADLE) could provide dose-dependent protection on spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rabbits. However, the relative protective molecular mechanisms underlying this neuroprotection remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether DADLE provided the protection in spinal cord I/R injury through its antioxidant property by decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels and increasing glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and through its antiapoptotic capacity by inhibiting caspase-3 and p53 expression.

Miscibility evaluation of poly(L-lactic acid)/poly(lactic acid-co-lysine) blends.

Background: The amorphous poly(lactic acid-co-lysine) (PLL) with hydrophilic reactive groups was synthesized by the condensing copolymerization and the blending miscibility of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and PLL was investigated.

Methods: The miscibility of PLLA and PLL was evaluated by analyzing the thermal properties, crystallization behaviors, crystal morphologies and mechanical properties of the PLLA/PLL blends.

Results: The results indicated that amorphous PLL changed the crystallization behaviors and thermal properties of PLLA, decreasing the crystallinity of PLLA in the blends.