Genetic Variation in Targets of Antidiabetic Drugs and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Risk.

Background: Previous studies have suggested that antidiabetic drug use may be associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, these studies are limited by many confounding and reverse causality biases. We aimed to determine whether antidiabetic drug use has causal effects on ALS.

Adaptive Chroma Prediction Based on Luma Difference for H.266/VVC.

Cross-component chroma prediction plays an important role in improving coding efficiency for H.266/VVC. We use the differences between reference samples and the predicted sample to design an attention model for chroma prediction, namely luma difference-based chroma prediction (LDCP).

Systematic Screening of Associations between Medication Use and Risk of Neurodegenerative Diseases Using a Mendelian Randomization Approach.

Background: Systematically assessing the causal associations between medications and neurodegenerative diseases is significant in identifying disease etiology and novel therapies. Here, we investigated the putative causal associations between 23 existing medication categories and major neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Methods: A two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) approach was conducted.

Migraine and white matter lesions: a mendelian randomization study.

Previous studies have found that migraine patients are associated with white matter lesions (WMLs), but the causal relationship between the two remains unclear. We intend to explore the bidirectional causal relationship between migraine and WMLs using a two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) method. We employed summary-level data from a recent large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) that characterized three white matter (WM) phenotypes: white matter hyperintensities (WMH, N = 18,381), fractional anisotropy (FA, N = 17,673), and mean diffusivity (MD, N = 17,467), as well as migraine (N = 589,356).

Intermediate-Length GGC Repeat Expansion in NOTCH2NLC Was Identified in Chinese Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

GGC repeat expansions in the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) of the Notch Homolog 2 N-terminal-like C gene () have been reported to be the genetic cause of neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID). However, whether they exist in other neurodegenerative disorders remains unclear. To determine whether there is a medium-length amplification of in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), we screened 476 ALS patients and 210 healthy controls for the presence of a GGC repeat expansion in by using repeat-primed polymerase chain reaction (RP-PCR) and fragment analysis.

Small Demyelination of the Cortex May Be a Potential Marker for the Right-to-Left Shunt of the Heart.

Migraine is a common clinical primary headache with unclear aetiology. In recent years, studies have shown that migraine is related to right-to-left shunts (RLS), and some patients with migraine have white matter lesions. However, the relationship among the three is unclear.