Association Between Proton Pump Inhibitors and the Risk of Intestinal Behçet Disease.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and the incidence of intestinal Behçet disease (BD) in patients with BD.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at The University of Tokyo Hospital, including patients with BD diagnosed between April 2005 and November 2023. Cox models and Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to evaluate hazard ratios (HRs) and cumulative incidence of intestinal BD, respectively.

The role of gastric mucins and mucin-related glycans in gastric cancers.

Gastric mucins serve as a protective barrier on the stomach's surface, protecting from external stimuli including gastric acid and gut microbiota. Their composition typically changes in response to the metaplastic sequence triggered by Helicobacter pylori infection. This alteration in gastric mucins is also observed in cases of gastric cancer, although the precise connection between mucin expressions and gastric carcinogenesis remains uncertain.

Probe-guided endoscopic system for 5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic diagnosis in cholangiocarcinoma.

Background And Aim: The diagnostic accuracy for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is inadequate, necessitating the exploration of novel diagnostic approaches. Protoporphyrin IX (Pp IX), a metabolic product of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), emits red fluorescence upon blue light exposure. Because it accumulates selectively in cancer cells, photodynamic diagnosis using 5-ALA (5-ALA-PDD) has been integrated into clinical practice for diverse cancer types.

Metabolic Factors Associated with Endoscopic Atrophy, Intestinal Metaplasia, and Gastric Neoplasms in -Positive Patients.

Background: Previous studies demonstrate an association between metabolic factors and -related gastric cancer. However, the association of gastric atrophy or intestinal metaplasia (IM) with these factors remains unknown.

Methods: Data on 1603 -positive patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy between 2001 and 2021 were evaluated.

Association Between Vonoprazan and the Risk of Gastric Cancer After Helicobacter pylori Eradication.

Background & Aims: Potassium-competitive acid blockers (PCABs) have been increasingly used to treat upper gastrointestinal disorders, replacing proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Whereas PPIs are associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer (GC) after Helicobacter pylori (Hp) eradication, it is uncertain whether PCABs carry the same risk.

Methods: Using a population-based claims database in Japan, we identified patients who were prescribed a clarithromycin-based first regimen of Hp eradication between 2015 and 2018.

Upper gastrointestinal involvement of Behçet's disease in Japan: endoscopic findings and clinical features.

Aim: Behçet's disease (BD) can involve any gastrointestinal (GI) tract site. We analyzed the characteristics, risk factors, and treatment responses to upper GI (UGI) involvement in patients with BD.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed UGI findings in 101 patients with BD who underwent endoscopy between April 2005 and December 2022 at the University of Tokyo Hospital.

Association of probiotic use with nivolumab effectiveness against various cancers: A multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Background: Previous studies have revealed an association between probiotic use and effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors in renal and lung cancers. However, little is known regarding other cancers, including gastrointestinal cancer.

Methods: To address this issue, we conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study and the duration of nivolumab treatment for various cancers was compared between probiotic users and non-users.

The Association between Diverticular Rebleeding and Early-Morning Blood Pressure and Surge: A Prospective Observational Trial.

Introduction: Colonic diverticular bleeding is the major cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Hypertension is a major risk factor for diverticular rebleeding. Direct evidence of an association between actual 24-h blood pressure (BP) and rebleeding is lacking.

Severe obstructive colitis treated with repeated colonoscopic decompression.

Obstructive colitis is an acute condition caused by colorectal strictures and requires a combination of therapeutic strategies, including surgery, endoscopic interventions, and medications. Here, we describe the case of a 69-year-old man who developed severe obstructive colitis owing to diverticular stenosis of the sigmoid colon. We immediately performed endoscopic decompression to avoid perforation.

Non- Gastric Microbiome Modulates Prooncogenic Responses and Is Associated With Gastric Cancer Risk.

Background And Aims: Although is the most important bacterial carcinogen in gastric cancer (GC), GC can emerge even after eradication. Studies suggest that various constituents of the gastric microbiome may influence GC development, but the role of individual pathogens is unclear.

Methods: Human gastric mucosal samples were analyzed by 16SrRNA sequencing to investigate microbiome composition and its association with clinical parameters, including GC risk.

Risk and preventive factors of early-onset colorectal neoplasms: endoscopic and histological database analysis.

Background And Aim: The incidence of early-onset colorectal neoplasms has been increasing in both Western and Eastern countries. However, the risks and preventive factors for these neoplasms in Eastern countries remain unclear.

Methods: The data of 5580 patients who underwent colonoscopy between 2016 and 2021 were retrospectively evaluated.

Clinicopathological Features of Gastric Cancer with Autoimmune Gastritis.

Most gastric cancers develop in patients with chronic gastritis. Chronic gastritis can be classified into two major subtypes: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-induced gastritis and autoimmune gastritis (AIG).

Chemoprevention for Colorectal Cancers: Are Chemopreventive Effects Different Between Left and Right Sided Colorectal Cancers?

Background And Aims: Recent studies have suggested that right- and left-sided colorectal cancers (CRCs) are molecularly distinct. In this study, we examined the association between the risk of right- and left-sided CRC and drug use to estimate their chemopreventive effects METHODS: This multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted using the data of hospitalized patients between 2014 and 2019 from nine hospital databases. The primary outcomes were right- and left-sided CRC.

Machine learning-based personalized prediction of gastric cancer incidence using the endoscopic and histologic findings at the initial endoscopy.

Background And Aims: Accurate risk stratification for gastric cancer is required for optimal endoscopic surveillance in patients with chronic gastritis. We aimed to develop a machine learning (ML) model that incorporates endoscopic and histologic findings for an individualized prediction of gastric cancer incidence.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 1099 patients with chronic gastritis who underwent EGD and biopsy sampling of the gastric mucosa.

Chemoprevention of Oesophageal Squamous-Cell Carcinoma and Adenocarcinoma: A Multicentre Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Oesophageal cancer comprises 2 different histological variants: oesophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) and adenocarcinoma (EAC). While there are multiple therapeutic options for both types, patients with advanced or metastatic oesophageal cancer still suffer from poor prognosis.

Aims: The study aimed to examine the association between the risk of oesophageal cancer and medications and to estimate the chemopreventive effects of commonly used drugs.