Short-term exposure to low doses of aflatoxin B1 aggravates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by TLR4-mediated necroptosis.

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a worldwide mycotoxin found in food and foodstuffs, is a potent hepatotoxin in humans and animals. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a widespread disease, could progress from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), hepatic cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To date, little is known concerning the relationship between AFB1 and the progression of NAFLD.

Rapid Nucleic Acid Detection of Based on RAA-CRISPR Cas12a System.

() is a food-borne pathogenic bacteria that frequently contaminates animal-derived food and low-temperature preserved food. caused by its infection has a high mortality rate and poses a serious threat to human health. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a sensitive, rapid and easy-to-operate technique.

Sensitive and Rapid Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 From Beef Samples Based on Recombinase Aided Amplification Assisted CRISPR/Cas12a System.

Background: Escherichia coli O157:H7, being the cause of hemorrhagic colitis in humans, is recognized as one of the most dangerous and widespread foodborne pathogens. A highly specific, sensitive, and rapid E. coli O157:H7 detection method needs to be developed since the traditional detection methods are complex, costly, and time-consuming.

Development of Recombinase-Aided Amplification (RAA)-Exo-Probe and RAA-CRISPR/Cas12a Assays for Rapid Detection of in Food Samples.

is the major cause of campylobacteriosis, one of the most common foodborne illnesses worldwide. Here, we report the development of RAA-exo-probe and RAA-CRIPSR/Cas12a assays for the detection of in food samples. The two assays were found to be highly specific to and highly sensitive, as they were one log more sensitive compared to the traditional culture method, with detection thresholds of 9 and 5 copies per reaction, respectively.

An Improved Transformation System for Using Green Fluorescent Protein.

is a destructive pathogen causing root rot and dieback diseases on hundreds of economically and ecologically important plant species. Effective transformation systems enable modifications of candidate genes to understand the pathogenesis of . A previous study reported a polyethylene glycol and calcium dichloride (PEG/CaCl)-mediated protoplast transformation method of .

Genome-Wide CRISPR/Cas9 Screen Identifies New Genes Critical for Defense Against Oxidant Stress in .

is one of the most widespread apicomplexans and can cause serious infections in humans and animals. Its antioxidant system plays an important role in defending against oxidant stress imposed by the host. Some genes encoding the antioxidant enzymes of have been identified; however, critical genes that function in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress are still poorly understood.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 3, 4-disubstituted-imidazolidine-2, 5-dione derivatives as HDAC6 selective inhibitors.

HDAC6 isoform selective inhibitors can be pursued as an alternative to pan-HDACs inhibitors due to their therapeutic effect and low toxicity. Efforts of the structure optimization of our previous compound 10c (IC = 4.4 nM) resulted in a new series of 3, 4-disubstituted-imidazolidine-2, 5-dione based HDAC6 inhibitors with better HDAC6 inhibitory activities and improved selectivities.

First Report of Phytopythium helicoides Causing Crown and Root Rot on Rhododendron pulchrum in China.

During a 2019-2020 survey of plant pathogenic oomycetes in Nanjing, China, a cluster of five adjacent Rhododendron pulchrum plants in Xuanwuhu Park exhibited symptoms including crown and root rot and wilting. foliage blight caused due to collar and had rotting crown and root tissues resultingrot foliage blight. Diseased roots were rinsed in water, cut into 10 mm pieces, immersed in 70% ethanol for 60 sec, and plated onto clarified V8 juice agar (cV8A) containingamended with pimaricin (20 mg/liter), ampicillin (125 mg/liter), rifampicin (10 mg/liter), and pentachloronitrobenzene (20 mg/liter).

Discovery of Peptide Boronate Derivatives as Histone Deacetylase and Proteasome Dual Inhibitors for Overcoming Bortezomib Resistance of Multiple Myeloma.

While proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib showed satisfactory clinical benefits in the initial treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), drug resistance and relapse are unavoidable. Recent studies suggested inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) restored sensitivity of bortezomib-resistant MM. Hence, we designed dual inhibitors targeting both HDACs and proteasomes to address the resistance of bortezomib.

Recombinase polymerase amplification-lateral flow (RPA-LF) assay combined with immunomagnetic separation for rapid visual detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in raw oysters.

This study was the first attempt to optimize a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and lateral flow (LF) assay combined with immunomagnetic separation (IMS) for the detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in raw oysters. The newly developed IMS-RPA-LF assay effectively combines sample preparation, amplification, and detection into a single platform. Under optimal conditions, the average capture efficiency (CE) for 10 colony forming units (CFU)/mL of four V.

Toxoplasma gondii RPL40 is a circulating antigen with immune protection effect.

Screening and identification of protective antigens are essential for the prevention of infections with Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908). In our previous study, T. gondii ribosomal-ubiquitin protein L40 (TgRPL40) was identified as a circulating antigen.

Antiaging Effects of Urolithin A on Replicative Senescent Human Skin Fibroblasts.

Although the health benefits attributed to urolithin A, such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, are based on numerous, diverse studies carried out , the biological effects of urolith A are still not entirely understood. In this study, we explored the biological effects of urolithin A using senescent human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) to determine whether urolithin A has any antiaging potential. Our results showed that urolithin A significantly increased type I collagen expression and reduced matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) expression.

Thioredoxin reductase from : an essential virulence effector with antioxidant function.

Thioredoxin reductase (TR) can help pathogens resist oxidative-burst injury from host immune cells by maintaining a thioredoxin-reduction state during NADPH consumption. TR is a necessary virulence factor that enables the persistent infection of some parasites. We performed bioinformatics analyses and biochemical assays to characterize the activity, subcellular localization, and genetic ablation of TR (TgTR), to shed light on its biologic function.

Identification and characterization of an immunogenic antigen, enolase 2, among excretory/secretory antigens (ESA) of Toxoplasma gondii.

An immunogenic protein, enolase 2, was identified among the secreted excretory/secretory antigens (ESAs) from Toxoplasma gondii strain RH using immunoproteomics based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Enolase 2 was cloned, sequenced, and heterologously expressed. BLAST analysis revealed 75-96% similarity with enolases from other parasites.

Twenty-six circulating antigens and two novel diagnostic candidate molecules identified in the serum of canines with experimental acute toxoplasmosis.

Background: The protozoan Toxoplasma gondii is a pathogen that causes severe opportunistic disease in a wide range of hosts. Efficient methods to diagnose acute T. gondii infection are essential for the administration of appropriate treatments and to reduce economic losses.