Study on the Adsorption Characteristics of Methylene Blue by Magnesium-Modified Fly Ash.

Aiming at the pollution problem of methylene blue dye wastewater, a new type of methylene blue adsorbent magnesium-modified fly ash (Mg@FA) was prepared by using solid waste fly ash as raw material. The effects of Mg@FA dosage, adsorption time, and methylene blue concentration on the adsorption of methylene blue by Mg@FA and pH values were analyzed. The adsorption characteristics of Mg@FA on methylene blue were investigated by adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, and adsorption thermodynamics, as well as SEM, EDS, XRD, BET, and FTIR.

Analysis of deviant behaviors and family functions in the population at risk of internet addiction among primary and secondary school students in Chengdu city, Sichuan province of China.

Background: This study explores the correlation between internet addiction (IA) and deviant behaviors among primary and secondary school students. It analyzes the impact of family functional factors, such as family relationships, parent-child communication, and parental control, on IA. The findings aim to provide a scientific basis for educators and parents to develop targeted preventive and intervention measures.

Optimization on overall performance of Modified Ultrafine Cementitious Grout Materials (MUCG) and hydration mechanism analysis.

Given the challenges encountered in injecting grout into micro-cracked rock masses, a modified ultrafine cementitious grout material (MUCG) was developed using ultrafine cement, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers, and a high-efficiency superplasticizer. To identify the optimal ratio of constituents for grouting these rock masses, extreme difference and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted based on test results of flowability and mechanical properties. A mix comprising 9% silica fume, 0.

Exploring the influence of rock bridge angle on the rock secant modulus.

Rock can undergo shape deformation and damage due to the influence of joint fissures, and the range of damage caused by joints at different rock bridge angles varies. To study the influence of rock bridge angle on the size effect of rock secant modulus, this paper adopts the principle of regression analysis and combines numerical simulation to carry out relevant research. The research results indicate that: (1) As the rock bridge angle increases, the secant modulus gradually decreases, following a power function relationship.

[Expressions of zinc homeostasis proteins, GPR39 and ANO1 mRNA in the sperm of asthenozoospermia patients and their clinical significance].

Objective: To explore the expressions of zinc homeostasis-related proteins, G protein-coupled receptor 39 (GPR39) and ANO1 mRNA in the sperm of patients with asthenozoospermia (AS), and analyze their correlation with sperm motility.

Methods: We collected semen samples from 82 male subjects with PR+NP < 40%, PR < 32% and sperm concentration > 15×10⁶/ml (the AS group, n = 40) or PR+NP ≥ 40%, PR ≥ 32% and sperm concentration > 15×10⁶/ml (the normal control group, n = 42). We analyzed the routine semen parameters and measured the zinc content in the seminal plasma using the computer-assisted sperm analysis system, detected the expressions of zinc transporters (ZIP13, ZIP8 and ZNT10), metallothioneins (MT1G, MT1 and MTF), GPR39, and calcium-dependent chloride channel protein (ANO1) in the sperm by real-time quantitative PCR (RT qPCR), examined free zinc distribution in the sperm by laser confocal microscopy, and determined the expressions of GPR39 and MT1 proteins in the sperm by immunofluorescence staining, followed by Spearman rank correlation analysis of their correlation with semen parameters.

The relationship between family function and the incidence of overweight/obesity in children and adolescents in Chengdu city, Sichuan province of China: based on latent profile analysis.

Background: Overweight/obesity in children and adolescents has become a global health problem, and family function may be associated with its occurrence. Studies exploring the association between family function and overweight/obesity in children and adolescents were performed in Western and Taiwan, China. To date, related studies haven't been conducted in Mainland China.

Preparation of a High-Silicon ZSM-5 Molecular Sieve Using Only Coal Gangue as the Silicon and Aluminum Sources.

The traditional preparation of ZSM-5 molecular sieves relies on chemical reagents to provide silicon and aluminum sources, which are limited as raw materials and cannot be commonly used in production practice. Using coal gangue as the raw material and using medium-temperature chlorination roasting and the pressure acid leaching process to control the silicon-aluminum ratio [n(Si/Al)] of coal gangue, a ZSM-5 molecular sieve was prepared using the alkali melting hydrothermal method. The pressure acid leaching process solved the limitation that kaolinite and mica cannot simultaneously be activated.

Laser diode-pumped compact hybrid lithium niobate microring laser.

We demonstrate a compact hybrid lithium niobate microring laser by butt coupling a commercial 980-nm pump laser diode chip with a high-quality Er-doped lithium niobate microring chip. Single-mode lasing emission at 1531-nm wavelength from the Er-doped lithium niobate microring can be observed with the integrated 980-nm laser pumping. The compact hybrid lithium niobate microring laser occupies the chip size of 3 mm × 4 mm × 0.

Wavelength-Tunable Narrow-Linewidth Laser Diode Based on Self-Injection Locking with a High-Q Lithium Niobate Microring Resonator.

We demonstrate a narrow linewidth 980 nm laser by self-injection locking of an electrically pumped distributed-feedback (DFB) laser diode to a high quality (Q) factor (>10) lithium niobate (LN) microring resonator. The lithium niobate microring resonator is fabricated by photolithography-assisted chemo-mechanical etching (PLACE) technique, and the Q factor of lithium niobate microring is measured as high as 6.91 × 10.

On-Chip Integrated Yb-Doped Waveguide Amplifiers on Thin Film Lithium Niobate.

We report the fabrication and optical characterization of Yb-doped waveguide amplifiers (YDWA) on the thin film lithium niobate fabricated by photolithography assisted chemo-mechanical etching. The fabricated Yb-doped lithium niobate waveguides demonstrates low propagation loss of 0.13 dB/cm at 1030 nm and 0.

High-Production-Rate Fabrication of Low-Loss Lithium Niobate Electro-Optic Modulators Using Photolithography Assisted Chemo-Mechanical Etching (PLACE).

Integrated thin-film lithium niobate (LN) electro-optic (EO) modulators of broad bandwidth, low insertion loss, low cost and high production rate are essential elements in contemporary interconnection industries and disruptive applications. Here, we demonstrated the design and fabrication of a high performance thin-film LN EO modulator using photolithography assisted chemo-mechanical etching (PLACE) technology. Our device shows a 3-dB bandwidth over 50 GHz, along with a comparable low half wave voltage-length product of 2.

A high-gain cladded waveguide amplifier on erbium doped thin-film lithium niobate fabricated using photolithography assisted chemo-mechanical etching.

Erbium doped integrated waveguide amplifier and laser prevail in power consumption, footprint, stability and scalability over the counterparts in bulk materials, underpinning the lightwave communication and large-scale sensing. Subject to the highly confined mode in the micro-to-nanoscale and moderate propagation loss, gain and power scaling in such integrated devices prove to be more challenging compared to their bulk counterparts. In this work, a thin cladding layer of tantalum pentoxide (TaO) is employed in the erbium doped lithium niobate (LN) waveguide amplifier fabricated on the thin film lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) wafer by the photolithography assisted chemo-mechanical etching (PLACE) technique.

Study on mechanical behavior and damage process of concrete with initial damage under eccentric load.

In order to analyze the influence of eccentric load on mechanical properties and damage process of concrete with initial damage, the eccentric load compression tests of concrete under different confining pressures were carried out with the help of PFC particle flow program. The results show that: the eccentric load does not change the relationship between peak stress, crack initiation stress and confining pressure of concrete under uniform load, but decrease the value of them. The peak stress increasing coefficient under uniform load is higher than that under eccentric load, and the peak stress increasing coefficient increases in a linear function with the confining pressure, and the increasing rate is approximately the same.

An Ultra-High-Q Lithium Niobate Microresonator Integrated with a Silicon Nitride Waveguide in the Vertical Configuration for Evanescent Light Coupling.

We demonstrate the hybrid integration of a lithium niobate microring resonator with a silicon nitride waveguide in the vertical configuration to achieve efficient light coupling. The microring resonator is fabricated on a lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) substrate using photolithography assisted chemo-mechanical etching (PLACE). A fused silica cladding layer is deposited on the LNOI ring resonator.

Efficient electro-optical tuning of an optical frequency microcomb on a monolithically integrated high-Q lithium niobate microdisk.

We demonstrate efficient tuning of a monolithically integrated lithium niobate (LN) microdisk optical frequency microcomb. Utilizing the high optical quality () factor (i.e.

Efficient light coupling between an ultra-low loss lithium niobate waveguide and an adiabatically tapered single mode optical fiber.

A lithium niobate on an insulator ridge waveguide allows constructing high-density photonic integrated circuits thanks to its small bending radius offered by the high index contrast. Meanwhile, the significant mode-field mismatch between an optical fiber and the single-mode lithium niobate waveguide leads to low coupling efficiencies. Here, we demonstrate, both numerically and experimentally, that the problem can be solved with a tapered single mode fiber of an optimized mode field profile.

Fabrication of a multifunctional photonic integrated chip on lithium niobate on insulator using femtosecond laser-assisted chemomechanical polish.

We report fabrication of a multifunctional photonic integrated chip on lithium niobate on insulator, which is achieved by femtosecond laser-assisted chemomechanical polish. We demonstrate a high-extinction-ratio beam splitter, a 1×6 optical switch, and a balanced 3×3 interferometer on the fabricated chip by reconfiguring the microelectrode array integrated with the multifunctional photonic circuit.

High-Precision Propagation-Loss Measurement of Single-Mode Optical Waveguides on Lithium Niobate on Insulator.

We demonstrate the fabrication of single-mode optical waveguides on lithium niobate on an insulator (LNOI) by optical patterning combined with chemomechanical polishing. The fabricated LNOI waveguides had a nearly symmetric mode profile of ~2.5 µm mode field size (full-width at half-maximum).

Fabrication of Crystalline Microresonators of High Quality Factors with a Controllable Wedge Angle on Lithium Niobate on Insulator.

We report the fabrication of crystalline microresonators of high quality (Q) factors with a controllable wedge angle on lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI). Our technique relies on a femtosecond laser assisted chemo-mechanical polish, which allows us to achieve ultrahigh surface smoothness as critically demanded by high Q microresonator applications. We show that by refining the polish parameters, Q factors as high as 4.

Real-time electrical tuning of an optical spring on a monolithically integrated ultrahigh Q lithium nibote microresonator.

Cavity optomechanics, the study of the interplay between light and mechanical properties of matter, has triggered a wide range of research from cavity quantum electrodynamics, label-free single molecule detection to the creation of phonon lasers. Using femtosecond laser direct writing followed by chemomechanical polishing, here we report an ultrahigh quality (Q∼10) factor lithium niobate whispering gallery microresonator monolithically integrated with inplane microelectrodes. Coherent regenerative optomechanical oscillation with an effective mechanical quality factor as high as 2.

Long Low-Loss-Litium Niobate on Insulator Waveguides with Sub-Nanometer Surface Roughness.

In this paper, we develop a technique for realizing multi-centimeter-long lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) waveguides with a propagation loss as low as 0.027 dB/cm. Our technique relies on patterning a chromium thin film coated on the top surface of LNOI into a hard mask with a femtosecond laser followed by chemo-mechanical polishing for structuring the LNOI into the waveguides.

Sucrose metabolism gene families and their biological functions.

Sucrose, as the main product of photosynthesis, plays crucial roles in plant development. Although studies on general metabolism pathway were well documented, less information is available on the genome-wide identification of these genes, their expansion and evolutionary history as well as their biological functions. We focused on four sucrose metabolism related gene families including sucrose synthase, sucrose phosphate synthase, sucrose phosphate phosphatase and UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase.

Aged monkey brains reveal the role of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBE2N in the synaptosomal accumulation of mutant huntingtin.

Although misfolded proteins are ubiquitinated and cleared by the proteasome, they can accumulate in synapses in aged neurons to promote synaptic dysfunction in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, including Huntington's disease (HD), which is caused by polyglutamine expansion in huntingtin. The mechanism behind this aging-related phenomenon is unknown and has been difficult to investigate using animals with short life spans. With brain tissues from longer-lived rhesus monkeys of different ages, we found that aging reduces ubiquitin-proteasomal activity and also increases the level of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBE2N (Ubc13) in synaptosomes.

Genome-wide expansion and expression divergence of the basic leucine zipper transcription factors in higher plants with an emphasis on sorghum.

Plant bZIP transcription factors play crucial roles in multiple biological processes. However, little is known about the sorghum bZIP gene family although the sorghum genome has been completely sequenced. In this study, we have carried out a genome-wide identification and characterization of this gene family in sorghum.