Efficacy and safety of quadriceps tendon autograft versus bone-patellar tendon-bone and hamstring tendon autografts for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Quadriceps tendon (QT), bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB), and hamstring tendon (HT) autografts are widely used for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), but the optimal autograft choice remains controversial. This study assessed the treatment effects of QT versus BPTB and HT autografts for ACLR.

Methods: The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched for eligible studies published from inception until July 2022.

Dark Photon Limits from Patchy Dark Screening of the Cosmic Microwave Background.

Dark photons that kinetically mix with the Standard Model photon give rise to new spectral anisotropies (patchy dark screening) in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) due to conversion of photons to dark photons within large-scale structure. We utilize predictions for this patchy dark screening signal to provide the tightest constraints to date on the dark photon kinetic mixing parameter [ϵ≲4.5×10^{-8} (95% confidence level)] over the mass range 10^{-13}  eV≲m_{A^{'}}≲10^{-11}  eV, almost an order of magnitude stronger than previous limits, by applying state-of-the-art component separation techniques to the cross-correlation of Planck CMB and unWISE galaxy survey data.

First Indirect Detection Constraints on Axions in the Solar Basin.

Axions with masses of order keV can be produced in great abundance within the Solar core. The majority of Sun-produced axions escape to infinity, but a small fraction of the flux is produced with speeds below the escape velocity. Over time, this process populates a basin of slow-moving axions trapped on bound orbits.

New Constraints on Dark Photon Dark Matter with Superconducting Nanowire Detectors in an Optical Haloscope.

Uncovering the nature of dark matter is one of the most important goals of particle physics. Light bosonic particles, such as the dark photon, are well-motivated candidates: they are generally long-lived, weakly interacting, and naturally produced in the early universe. In this work, we report on Light A^{'} Multilayer Periodic Optical SNSPD Target, a proof-of-concept experiment searching for dark photon dark matter in the eV mass range, via coherent absorption in a multilayer dielectric haloscope.

First Constraints on Nuclear Coupling of Axionlike Particles from the Binary Neutron Star Gravitational Wave Event GW170817.

Light axion fields, if they exist, can be sourced by neutron stars due to their coupling to nuclear matter, and play a role in binary neutron star mergers. We report on a search for such axions by analyzing the gravitational waves from the binary neutron star inspiral GW170817. We find no evidence of axions in the sampled parameter space.

Inferomedial cortical bone contact and fixation with calcar screws on the dynamic and static mechanical stability of proximal humerus fractures.

Background: This study aimed to explore the effect of retaining inferomedial cortical bone contact and fixation with calcar screws on the dynamic and static mechanical stability of proximal humerus fractures treated with a locking plate.

Methods: Twelve Synbone prosthetic humeri (SYNBONE-AG, Switzerland) were used for a wedge osteotomy model at the proximal humerus, in four groups. In the cortex contact + screw fixation group and cortex contact group, the inferomedial cortical bone contact was retained.

Comparison of the efficacy of a distal clavicular locking plate versus a clavicular hook plate in the treatment of unstable distal clavicle fractures and a systematic literature review.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively compare and review the clinical outcomes between the distal clavicular locking plate and clavicular hook plates in the treatment of unstable distal clavicle fractures; moreover, the relevant literature of the two fixation methods was reviewed systematically to identify the non-union, complications, or functional scores, according to the treatment methods and determine which treatment method is better.

Methods: Sixty-six patients with 66 unstable distal clavicle fractures who underwent open reduction and internal fixation with either a distal clavicular locking plate (36 patients) or a clavicular hook plate (30 patients ) were evaluated. The main outcome comparisons included Constant score, rate of non-union, rate of complication, and rate of returning to work three months postoperatively.

[The use of minimally invasive injectable graft and internal fixation in tibial plateau fractures].

Objective: To value the use of an injectable minimally invasive calcium sulfate cement for displaced tibial plateau fractures.

Methods: Thirteen patients with lateral tibial plateau fractures treated with internal fixation and bone grafting were matched with 13 patients treated using internal fixation and an injectable calcium sulfate cement. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.

[Percutaneous reduction and fixation of osteoporotic fractures for the proximal humerus in a geriatric population].

Objective: To appraise the value of clinical treatment of percutaneous reduction and fixation of osteoporotic fractures for the proximal humerus in a geriatric population.

Methods: Postoperation complication, mortality in hospital and within the first three months postoperation, operation time, blood transfusion requirement, the functional outcome of the shoulder had been analysed and observed in 37 cases for open and closed fixation.

Results: Closed reduction provided the benefit of obtaining and holding adequate reduction without the soft-tissue dissection of open reduction and internal fixation.