Transitions in treatment: A systematic review and meta-aggregation of preferences and barriers in switching from oral to long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV and stakeholders.

Introduction: Antiretroviral treatment (ART) has significantly enhanced health outcomes for people living with HIV (PLWH). With the evolution of treatment options, there is an increasing interest in the development of long-acting injectable formulations of antiretroviral drugs. These formulations present a promising alternative to oral ART.

Preparation of diacylglycerol by lipase-catalyzed glycerolysis in the presence of polar adsorption materials.

Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a functional oil used extensively in various industries. Glycerolysis of a natural oil with glycerol was widely employed for DAG preparation. Numerous studies have demonstrated that glycerol in the reaction affects lipase performance.

Impact of solvent and water activity on lipase selectivity and acyl migration of ARA-rich 2-monoacylglycerols in catalytic systems: Kinetic study by particle swarm optimization.

The 2-arachidonoylglycerol enzymatic alcoholysis reaction model was established and kinetic parameters were calculated to explore the effects of solvent and water activity (a) on the lipase positional selectivity and 2-monoacylglycerol acyl migration. Six rate constants (k-k) with the lowest mean square error were obtained using the particle swarm optimization algorithm, and the calculated molar concentration-time curves were well-fitted to the actual curves. As an indicator to characterize the positional selectivity of lipase, k/k was significantly associated with log P of solvent, which first increased and then decreased with the increase of a.

Enrichment of EPA and DHA in glycerides by selective enzymatic ethanolysis.

It has been reported that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in glycerides have various biological functions. This study presents an effective method for enriching glycerides rich in EPA and DHA through lipase-catalyzed alcoholysis. The results showed that Eversa® Transform 2.

Exploring the potential of epigenetic clocks in aging research.

The process of aging is a notable risk factor for numerous age-related illnesses. Hence, a reliable technique for evaluating biological age or the pace of aging is crucial for understanding the aging process and its influence on the progression of disease. Epigenetic alterations are recognized as a prominent biomarker of aging, and epigenetic clocks formulated on this basis have been shown to provide precise estimations of chronological age.

Enhancing Linearity of Light Response in Avalanche Photodiodes by Suppressing Electrode Size Effect.

The nonlinear characteristics of avalanche photodiodes (APDs) inhibit their performance in high-speed communication systems, thereby limiting their widespread application as optical detectors. Existing theoretical models have not fully elucidated complex phenomena encountered in actual device structures. In this study, actual APD structures exhibiting lower linearity than their ideal counterparts were revealed.

The Prediction of Recombination Hotspot Based on Automated Machine Learning.

Meiotic recombination plays a pivotal role in genetic evolution. Genetic variation induced by recombination is a crucial factor in generating biodiversity and a driving force for evolution. At present, the development of recombination hotspot prediction methods has encountered challenges related to insufficient feature extraction and limited generalization capabilities.

The influencing factors of college students' legal emotion and the mechanism of its effect on aggressive behavior.

Current research has increasingly focused on the preventive role of individual legal socialization in crime. The socialization of legal emotions is an important part of legal socialization. Building upon existing literature, this study, conducted through two substudies, investigated the influencing factors of legal emotions in N mainland Chinese university students and the mechanisms through which legal emotions impact aggressive behavior.

Identification of sedative-hypnotic compounds shared by five medicinal Polyporales mushrooms using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomics.

Background: Five Polyporales mushrooms, namely Amauroderma rugosum, Ganoderma lucidum, G. resinaceum, G. sinense and Trametes versicolor, are commonly used in China for managing insomnia.

Preparation of functional oils rich in phytosterol esters and diacylglycerols by enzymatic transesterification.

Phytosterol esters (PEs) and diacylglycerols (DAGs) have various health benefits in humans. In this study, PEs and DAGs were synthesized by lipase-catalyzed transesterification between a natural oil and phytosterols. First, commercial lipases were screened for transesterification and were further verified using multiple-ligand molecular docking.

MIBPred: Ensemble Learning-Based Metal Ion-Binding Protein Classifier.

In biological organisms, metal ion-binding proteins participate in numerous metabolic activities and are closely associated with various diseases. To accurately predict whether a protein binds to metal ions and the type of metal ion-binding protein, this study proposed a classifier named MIBPred. The classifier incorporated advanced Word2Vec technology from the field of natural language processing to extract semantic features of the protein sequence language and combined them with position-specific score matrix (PSSM) features.

Flexible multicolor biaxial sensor for strain direction identification based on sandwich-structured mechanoluminescent materials.

Strain sensors capable of recognizing the direction of strain are crucial in applications such as robot attitude adjustment and detection of strain states in complex structures. In this study, a sandwich-structured flexible biaxial strain sensor was developed using polydimethylsiloxane as the substrate, mechanoluminescent materials as the luminescent elements, and rubber-ink as the light-blocking layer. By correlating the emitted light color with the stretching state, precise identification of the applied strain direction is achieved.

Formation mechanism and prediction model of juvenile delinquency.

Exploring the formation mechanism of juvenile delinquency is of great significance to prevent juvenile delinquency. The present study examined relations and interactions among juvenile delinquents' self-consciousness, family factors, social relationships, belief in a just world, and legal consciousness, and then developed a predictive model to distinguish between juvenile delinquents and non-delinquents. The results showed that family factors have a significant influence on the formation of juvenile delinquents' self-consciousness and there are notable differences in family environment and self-consciousness between delinquent and non-delinquent adolescents.

A tri-herb formulation protects against ethanol-induced mouse liver injury and downregulates mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1.

Background: A tri-herb formulation comprising Ganoderma (the dried fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum), Puerariae Thomsonii Radix (the dried root of Pueraria thomsonii) and Hoveniae Semen (the dried mature seed of Hovenia acerba) -GPH for short- has been using for treating liver injury; however, the pharmacological basis of this application of GPH is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the liver protective effects and mechanisms of action of an ethanolic extract of GPH (GPHE) in mice.

Methods: To control the quality of GPHE, the contents of ganodermanontriol, puerarin and kaempferol in the extract were quantified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography.

Prediction models for cardiovascular disease risk among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: HIV continues to be a major global health issue. The relative risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among people living with HIV (PLWH) was 2.16 compared to non-HIV-infections.

Barriers and facilitators to maintaining a high level of polypharmacy adherence in people living with HIV: A scoping review.

With the prolongation of life span and increasing incidence of comorbidities, polypharmacy has become a challenge for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH). This review aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to maintaining a high level of polypharmacy adherence in people living with HIV/AIDS. Nine electronic databases were searched for studies from 1996 to October 2021.

Communication between mothers with breast cancer and minor children: a qualitative systematic review and meta-synthesis.

Purpose: Both women with breast cancer and their minor children were affected by a breast cancer diagnosis. The purpose of this review was to synthesize the evidence from qualitative studies on illness-related communication between mothers with breast cancer and their minor children from mothers' perspectives.

Methods: A thorough systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies was conducted.

Progress in enrichment of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid: a review.

n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) has been widely used in foods, and pharmaceutical products due to its beneficial effects. The content of n-3 PUFA in natural oils is usually low, which decreases its added value. Thus, there is an increasing demand on the market for n-3 PUFA concentrates.

[Epidemiological study on hyperuricemia and gout in Foshan areas, Guangdong province].

Objective: To determine the prevalence rates and risk factors of hyperuricemia (HUA) and gout among residents aged over 20 years in Foshan areas.

Methods: A randomly stratified cluster sampling was conducted, and 7403 inhabitants were investigated on their prevalence rates of HUA and gout.

Results: (1) The prevalence of HUA was 15.

[Study on hyperuricemia with hyperlipaemia, high blood sugar and hypertension in 1320 elderly people].

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia with hyperlipaemia, high blood sugar and hypertension among elderly people.

Methods: Serum uric acid (SUA), cholesterol, triglycerides, blood sugar and blood pressure were detected in 1320 elderly people and 6107 people at young and middle age.

Results: The mean SUAs in elderly male and female groups were significantly higher than that in young and middle aged male groups respectively (P < 0.