Deposition of Air Pollution-Derived Magnetic Nanoparticles in Human Kidney Revealed by High-Resolution Microstructural Characterization.

Exposure to air pollutants, especially fine particulate matter (PM), has been recognized as a major contributor to the increasing prevalence of kidney diseases. However, until now, evidence for the translocation of airborne nanoparticles (NPs) in the human kidney has been lacking, hindering the understanding of the relationships between PM exposure and kidney diseases. Here, we report the discovery and analysis of airborne magnetite nanoparticles in human kidney stones (with mass concentrations ranging from 363 to 740 ng/g dry tissue weight) by high-resolution microstructural characterization.

Enhancing synthesis of ethyl lactate in rice baijiu fermentation by adding recovered granular cells.

Ethyl lactate is the most abundant ester in semi-solid rice baijiu fermentation, affecting the flavor of baijiu to a great extent. The present study aimed to investigate the spatial distribution and formation contributor of ethyl lactate by removing the microorganisms and extracellular enzymes from the upper, middle, and lower fermentation broth during the later fermentation stage. The removal of suspended substances by centrifugation did not affect the ethyl lactate content in the top and middle fermentation broth containing free cells, enzymes, and starch particles.

Effects of µ-calpain oxidation on Coregonus peled myofibrillar protein degradation in vitro.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of µ-calpain oxidation on Coregonus peled myofibrillar protein degradation. In the present study, a hydroxyl radical oxidation system was selected to investigate oxidative modification on µ-calpain activity and its degradation on C. peled myofibrillar protein.

Drying features of microwave and far-infrared combination drying on white ginseng slices.

In this study microwave and far-infrared combination drying were conducted to investigate the effect of microwave and far-infrared heating mode switching point water content (SW), ginseng slice thickness, and far-infrared drying temperature on drying indicators (surface colour difference, ginsenosides content, and surface shrinkage rate) and drying efficiency (drying time) during the process of drying white ginseng slices. Regarding microwave drying, the microwave drying time cannot exceed 150 s, and the ginseng slice water content cannot be less 50%. For the combination drying, SW, far-infrared drying temperature and slice thickness increased, the colour difference and surface shrinkage rate first decreased and then increased, and the content of ginsenosides first increased and then decreased.

siRNA-mediated inactivation of HER3 improves the antitumour activity and sensitivity of gefitinib in gastric cancer cells.

The human EGFR family consists of four type-1 transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptors: HER1 (EGFR, ErbB1), HER2 (Neu, ErbB2), HER3 (ErbB3), and HER4 (ErbB4). HER3 can dimerize with EGFR, HER2 and even c-Met and likely plays a central role in the response to EGFR-targeted therapy. Because HER3 lacks significant kinase activity and cannot be inhibited by tyrosine kinase inhibitors, neutralizing antibodies and alternative inhibitors of HER3 have been sought as cancer therapeutics.

Enhanced production of acarbose and concurrently reduced formation of impurity c by addition of validamine in fermentation of Actinoplanes utahensis ZJB-08196.

Commercial production of acarbose is exclusively via done microbial fermentation with strains from the genera of Actinoplanes. The addition of C7N-aminocyclitols for enhanced production of acarbose and concurrently reduced formation of impurity C by cultivation of A. utahensis ZJB-08196 in 500-mL shake flasks was investigated, and validamine was found to be the most effective strategy.