Recent Progress of CircRNAs in Hematological Malignancies.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are now recognized as key regulators in the epigenetic control of genetic expression, being involved in a wide range of cellular activities such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Their unique closed-loop structure endows them with stability and resistance to exonuclease degradation, making them not only key regulatory molecules within the cell but also promising biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis, particularly in hematological malignancies. This review comprehensively explores the role of circRNAs in the pathogenesis, progression, and therapeutic resistance of common hematological malignancies.

Risk Factors for Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome After Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangioscopic Lithotripsy.

Background: There is a lack of validated predictive models for the occurrence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) after percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopic lithotripsy (PTCSL) for the treatment of hepatolithiasis. This is the first study to estimate the incidence of SIRS after PTCSL.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 284 PTCSL sessions for the treatment of hepatolithiasis at our institution between January 2019 and January 2023 was performed.

Primary pancreatic peripheral T-cell lymphoma: A case report.

Background: Primary pancreatic lymphoma (PPL) is an exceedingly rare tumor with limited mention in scientific literature. The clinical manifestations of PPL are often nonspecific, making it challenging to distinguish this disease from other pancreatic-related diseases. Chemotherapy remains the primary treatment for these individuals.

CD7-positive leukemic blasts with mutations predict poor prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: mutations can be detected in premalignant hematopoietic stem cells and are primarily associated with clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential; however, current evidence does not support assigning them to a distinct European Leukemia Net (ELN) prognostic risk stratification. CD7 is a lymphoid antigen expressed on blasts in approximately 30% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and its role in AML remains unclear and depends on subgroup evaluation. This study investigated the prognostic value of mutation combined with CD7 expression in AML.

A blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm-like immunophenotype is negatively associated with CEBPA bZIP mutation and predicts unfavorable prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia.

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare and aggressive myeloid malignancy which characteristically expresses an atypical phenotype including CD123+, CD56+, and CD4+. We are aimed to investigate the clinical and prognostic characteristics of AML patients exhibiting BPDCN-like immunophenotype and provide additional insights for risk stratification of AML. A total of 241 newly diagnosed AML patients were enrolled in this retrospective study and categorized into BPDCN-like positive (n = 125)/negative (n = 116) groups, determined by the present with CD123+ along with either CD56+ or CD4+, or both.

Differential effects of recombinant human thrombopoietin on clinical outcomes in CD7-positive and CD7-negative acute myeloid leukaemia.

To investigate the effect of recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) application on the clinical outcomes of CD7-positive acute myeloid leukaemia (CD7 + AML) patients following chemotherapy, we retrospectively studied 159 newly diagnosed non-M3 AML patients. Patients were divided into the following four groups according to the expression of CD7 in AML blasts and the use of rhTPO after chemotherapy: the CD7 + rhTPO group (n = 41), the CD7 + non-rhTPO group (n = 42), the CD7 negative (CD7-) rhTPO group (n = 37), and the CD7- non-rhTPO group (n = 39). The complete remission rate was higher in the CD7 + rhTPO group than in the CD7 + non-rhTPO group.

Upregulated mitosis-associated genes CENPE, CENPF, and DLGAP5 predict poor prognosis and chemotherapy resistance of Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Background: Mitosis-associated genes are dysregulated in many types of cancers and play important roles in disease progression and chemotherapy resistance. However, their expression and functions in chemotherapy-resistant Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) are still largely undetermined.

Objective: This study aims to explore the roles of spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) genes CENPE, CENPF, and DLGAP5 in chemotherapy-resistant AML.

The Prognostic Significance of C-Reactive Protein to Albumin Ratio in Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Patients.

Background: The ratio of C-reactive protein to albumin (CAR) is an inflammatory marker that has been demonstrated to be a simple and reliable prognostic factor in several solid tumours and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). However, no studies have investigated the prognostic value of the CAR in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML).

Objectives And Methods: We retrospectively analysed 212 newly diagnosed non-M3 AML patients.

Predictive factors for differentiating thrombohemorrhagic disorders in high-risk acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Introduction: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is often accompanied by potentially fatal coagulopathy, especially in high-risk APL. Bleeding, particularly severe bleeding is the leading cause of early death (ED). Meanwhile, thrombosis, the other major coagulopathic complication, is being increasingly recognized.

CCNB2, CDC20, AURKA, TOP2A, MELK, NCAPG, KIF20A, UBE2C, PRC1, and ASPM May Be Potential Therapeutic Targets for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Integrated Bioinformatic Analysis.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly malignant, recurrent and drug-resistant tumor, and patients often lose the opportunity for surgery when they are diagnosed. Abnormal gene expression is closely related to the occurrence of HCC. The aim of the present study was to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between tumor tissue and non-tumor tissue of HCC samples in order to investigate the mechanisms of liver cancer.

Lin28A/CENPE Promoting the Proliferation and Chemoresistance of Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

The prognosis of chemoresistant acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is still poor, mainly owing to the sustained proliferation ability of leukemic cells, while the microtubules have a major role in sustaining the continuity of cell cycle. In the present study, we have identified CENPE, a microtubular kinesin-like motor protein that is highly expressed in the peripheral blood of patients with chemoresistant AML. In our studies, knockdown of CENPE expression resulted in the suppression of proliferation of myeloid leukemia cells and reversal of cytarabine (Ara-C) chemoresistance.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia with myelofibrosis: A case report and literature review.

Rationale: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with myelofibrosis (MF) is rare, and only 14 cases have been reported in the literature to date.

Patient Concerns: A 42-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with easy bruising and excessive bleeding. With the remission of the primary disease during treatment, the degree of fibrosis did not decrease, but worsened progressively.

The Synergistic Antitumor Activity of Chidamide in Combination with Bortezomib on Gastric Cancer.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the antitumor effect of chidamide in combination with bortezomib on gastric cancer cell lines.

Materials And Methods: First, the sensitivity and IC values of chidamide and bortezomib in several gastric cancer cell lines (MGC-803, BGC-823, SGC-7901, and MKN45) were measured using the CCK-8 assay. Then, the relatively insensitive gastric cancer cell lines (MGC-803 and BGC-823) were treated with low concentrations of chidamide alone, bortezomib alone, or chidamide and bortezomib combination to detect the effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion.

Validation of the EUTOS Long-Term Survival Score in Chinese Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients Treated with Imatinib: A Multicenter Real-World Study.

Purpose: To validate the clinical efficacy of the recently developed EUTOS long-term survival (ELTS) score in a real-world setting.

Patients And Methods: A total of 479 chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients treated with frontline imatinib between January 2010 and December 2017 were enrolled in this retrospective study. The ELTS score was evaluated on the end-points including complete cytogenetic response (CCyR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and CML-related death, and the efficiency of the ELTS score was further compared with the historical Sokal, Hasford, EUTOS scores.

Non-invasive bioluminescence imaging of HCoV-OC43 infection and therapy in the central nervous system of live mice.

Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) are important pathogens that cause upper respiratory tract infections and have neuroinvasive abilities; however, little is known about the dynamic infection process of CoVs in vivo, and there are currently no specific antiviral drugs to prevent or treat HCoV infection. Here, we verified the replication ability and pathogenicity of a reporter HCoV-OC43 strain expressing Renilla luciferase (Rluc; rOC43-ns2DelRluc) in mice with different genetic backgrounds (C57BL/6 and BALB/c). Additionally, we monitored the spatial and temporal progression of HCoV-OC43 through the central nervous system (CNS) of live BALB/c mice after intranasal or intracerebral inoculation with rOC43-ns2DelRluc.

NDRG2 and TLR7 as novel DNA methylation prognostic signatures for acute myelocytic leukemia.

Acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) is an aggressive malignant tumor and typically fatal without treatment. Identification and development of novel biomarkers could be beneficial for the diagnosis and prognosis of AML patients. Here, we aimed to identify the accurate DNA methylation prognostic signatures for AML patients.

The synergistic antileukemic effects of eltrombopag and decitabine in myeloid leukemia cells.

Background: Hypomethylating agents (HMAs), such as decitabine (DAC), are currently used as first-line therapy for patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) not eligible for standard chemotherapies. Exacerbation of thrombocytopenia is one of the prevalent complications after HMA treatment. Eltrombopag (EP), an oral thrombopoietin receptor agonist, can efficiently stimulate megakaryopoiesis and elevate platelet counts in MDS/AML patients.

High-Throughput Screening and Identification of Potent Broad-Spectrum Inhibitors of Coronaviruses.

Coronaviruses (CoVs) act as cross-species viruses and have the potential to spread rapidly into new host species and cause epidemic diseases. Despite the severe public health threat of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome CoV (MERS-CoV), there are currently no drugs available for their treatment; therefore, broad-spectrum inhibitors of emerging and endemic CoVs are urgently needed. To search for effective inhibitory agents, we performed high-throughput screening (HTS) of a 2,000-compound library of approved drugs and pharmacologically active compounds using the established genetically engineered human CoV OC43 (HCoV-OC43) strain expressing luciferase (rOC43-ns2Del-Rluc) and validated the inhibitors using multiple genetically distinct CoVs We screened 56 hits from the HTS data and validated 36 compounds using wild-type HCoV-OC43.

Do Muscle Enzyme Changes Forecast Liver Injury in Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis Patients Treated with Methylprednisolone and Methotrexate?

Background: Long-term use of hormones and immunosuppressive agents is necessary for treating polymyositis (PM)/dermatomyositis (DM) but may cause liver damage. At what point do the costs of treatment outweigh the benefits, and how will the breakeven point be determined?

Methods: Serum muscle enzyme changes in 93 PM/DM patients were analyzed over the course of hormone and immunosuppressive agent treatment. From the analysis, a forecasting method was developed to help anticipate possible drug-induced liver injury.

Elevated plasma-soluble CD16 levels in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-infected pigs: correlation with ADAM17-mediated shedding.

Soluble CD16 (sCD16) is closely correlated with chronic diseases in humans. Here, plasma sCD16 levels in pigs were increased by infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) but not with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, porcine circovirus type 2 and pseudorabies virus. Of interest, PRRSV attached to blood neutrophils and reduced surface CD16 expression on neutrophils.

CD4+ cells, macrophages, MHC-I and C5b-9 involve the pathogenesis of dysferlinopathy.

Objective: Dysferlin is a sarcolemmal protein that plays an important role in membrane repair by regulating vesicle fusion with the sarcolemma. Mutations in the dysferlin gene (DYSF) lead to multiple clinical phenotypes, including Miyoshi myopathy (MM), limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B (LGMD 2B), and distal myopathy with anterior tibial onset (DMAT). Patients with dysferlinopathy also show muscle inflammation, which often leads to a misdiagnosis as inflammatory myopathy.

Involvement of CD16 in antibody-dependent enhancement of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection.

The immunological effect of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome disease virus (PRRSV) vaccines is thought to be influenced by a variety of host factors, in which antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection is one crucial factor. Here, we assessed the mechanism of ADE of PRRSV infection. First, we found that subneutralizing serum could induce ADE of PRRSV infection in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs).

Modulation of CD163 expression by metalloprotease ADAM17 regulates porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus entry.

Unlabelled: As a consequence of their effects on ectodomain shedding, members of the A disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) family have been implicated in the control of various cellular processes. Although ADAM family members are also involved in cancer, inflammation, and other pathologies, it is unclear whether they affect porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that inhibition of ADAM17 enhances PRRSV entry in Marc-145 and porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs).