Probiotic Delivery for Editing of the Gut Microbiota to Mitigate Colitis and Maintain Hepatic Homeostasis Via Gut-Liver Axis.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) compromises the intestinal barrier and disrupts gut microbiota, impacting liver function via the gut-liver axis, which in turn influences the intestinal microbiota through lipid metabolites exacerbating IBD. This study introduced a probiotic-based treatment using encapsulated in tungsten ion-loaded mesoporous polydopamine (LA@WMPDA) to ameliorate colitis and balance enterohepatic homeostasis. After oral administration, the encapsulation could protect , scavenge reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, and the released tungsten ions would inhibit abnormal growth during colitis, consequently restoring the intestinal barrier and regulating the gut microbiota.

Liquid exfoliation of molybdenum metallenes for non-inflammatory photothermal therapy of tumors.

Tissue damage and cell death occurring during photothermal therapy (PTT) for tumors can induce an inflammatory response that is detrimental to tumor therapy. Herein, ultrathin Mo metallene nanosheets with a thickness of <5 nm prepared by liquid phase exfoliation were explored as functional hyperthermia agents for non-inflammatory ablation of tumors. The obtained Mo metallene nanosheets exhibited good photothermal conversion properties and significant reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging ability, thus achieving superior cancer cell ablation and anti-inflammatory effects .

Biological interactions with Prochlorococcus: implications for the marine carbon cycle.

The unicellular picocyanobacterium Prochlorococcus is the most abundant photoautotroph and contributes substantially to global CO fixation. In the vast euphotic zones of the open ocean, Prochlorococcus converts CO into organic compounds and supports diverse organisms, forming an intricate network of interactions that regulate the magnitude of carbon cycling and storage in the ocean. An understanding of the biological interactions with Prochlorococcus is critical for accurately estimating the contributions of Prochlorococcus and interacting organisms to the marine carbon cycle.

Genome-Directed Discovery of Tetrahydroisoquinolines from Deep-Sea Derived SCSIO 3406.

A genome-directed discovery strategy to identify new tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQs) was applied to deep-sea derived SCSIO 3406; 11 THIQs were found representing three THIQ classes. Known aclidinomycins A () and B () were isolated along with nine new compounds, aclidinomycins C-K (-). The structures were elucidated using extensive spectroscopic analyses and single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods.

Quantitative analysis of abnormalities in gynecologic cytopathology with deep learning.

Cervical cancer is one of the most frequent cancers in women worldwide, yet the early detection and treatment of lesions via regular cervical screening have led to a drastic reduction in the mortality rate. However, the routine examination of screening as a regular health checkup of women is characterized as time-consuming and labor-intensive, while there is lack of characteristic phenotypic profile and quantitative analysis. In this research, over the analysis of a privately collected and manually annotated dataset of 130 cytological whole-slide images, the authors proposed a deep-learning diagnostic system to localize, grade, and quantify squamous cell abnormalities.

Differential responses of non-human primates to seasonal temperature fluctuations.

Non-human primates (NHPs) can adapt to conditions outside of their natural habitat and climatic ranges but this can be influenced by inherent evolutionary traits or plasticity of species that evolved in diverse environmental conditions. In this study, we investigated how five species of NHPs that have natural distributions across a range of climatic conditions responded to seasonal temperature changes in a captive environment. The activity levels of NHPs were affected by temperature changes over the season, where activity levels were generally reduced at the lower and higher temperature ranges.

[Effect of rosiglitazone on the expression of T-bet/GATA-3 in T lymphocytes in patients with acute asthma].

Objective: To investigate the effect of rosiglitazone on the expression of T-bet/GATA-3 in peripheral blood T lymphocytes and cytokine derived from Th1/Th2 in patients with acute asthma and to compare its mechanism with that of dexamethasone (DXM).

Methods: Peripheral blood T lymphocytes from 10 patients with acute asthma (A group, A) and 10 healthy volunteers (B group, B) were isolated, purificated and cultured, and were divided into 2 groups (3 h and 24 h) based on the treatment time, and each group was further divided, on the basis of the treatment given, into 3 sub-groups respectively: control group (A(1) and B(1)), rosiglitazone treated group (A(2) and B(2)) and DXM treated group (A(3) and B(3)). The levels of IFN-gamma and IL-4 in the culture supernatant were detected by Enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA) and the expression levels of T-bet mRNA/GATA-3 mRNA in T lymphocytes was detected by Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR).

Effect of Yangqixue Qufengshi Recipe on rheumatoid arthritis model mice under different genetic backgrounds.

Objective: To study the effect of Yangqixue Qufengshi Recipe (YQXQFS) on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) model mice under different genetic backgrounds.

Methods: Collagen Induced Arthritis (CIA) were established on HLA-DR4 transgenic (TG) mice and non-transgenic (NTG) mice, which partly were raised with YQXQFS, and the onset day of CIA, the level of type II collagen (CII)-reactive antibodies and the pathological scores of CIA were assessed.

Results: Under HLA-DR4 TG background (compared with NTG mice), the earlier onset day of CIA (11.

[Influence of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma on airway inflammation of guinea pigs with asthma].

Objective: To investigate the influence and mechanism of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) and its ligand agonist rosiglitazone on airway inflammation of guinea pigs with asthma.

Methods: 35 guinea pigs were divided into 5 groups by random number meter: a control group (A group), an asthma group (B group), a dexamethasone (DXM) group (C group), a rosiglitazone group (D group), and a rosiglitazone + 1/2 DXM group (E group), with 7 guinea pigs in each. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell count and differential was studied, and the pathologic alteration of the bronchi and the lung tissue was observed.

[Expression of Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 in bladder transitional carcinoma and their significance].

Background & Objective: Tumor growth was the result of cell excessive proliferation and lack of apoptosis. Apoptosis has been considered to be closely associated with Caspase-3 and Bcl-2. This study was designed to investigate the expression of Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 to evaluate their effects on the tumorigenesis and progression in bladder transitional carcinoma (BTCC).

[Nuclear factor-kappa B activity at the early stage of brain ischemia and reperfusion in mice].

Objective: To observe the activity of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-kappa B) during reperfusion after temporary brain ischemia and to evaluate its effect.

Methods: The brain ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) model of mice was established with ligating bilateral common carotid arteries and bleeding for 0.3 ml in the tail.