Conjunctivitis, the key clinical characteristic of adult rubella in Japan during two large outbreaks, 2012-2013 and 2018-2019.

Background: Rubella virus infection mainly causes illness with mild fever, rash, and lymphadenopathy in children; however, the clinical characteristics of adult rubella are not well-known.

Methods: An observational study was conducted to compare the characteristics between adult rubella and adult non-rubella among participants aged ≥18 years, with suspected symptomatic rubella. Participants were screened for rubella-specific IgM expression using an enzyme immune assay kit, at a tertiary care hospital in Japan during two outbreaks (January 2012-December 2013 and January 2018-March 2019).

GATA2 mutation underlies hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in an adult with primary cytomegalovirus infection.

We report a case of a 27-year old woman with persistent fever and pancytopenia who had multiple episodes of a hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) like condition. The criterion for HLH was satisfied; primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection was identified as the cause. Further examination revealed a GATA binding protein 2 mutation.

Real-time PCR investigation of the prevalence of Fusobacterium necrophorum in patients with pharyngitis in Japan.

Purpose: Recent data suggest an association between Fusobacterium necrophorum infection and pharyngotonsillitis among adolescents and adults. However, existing reports are only from North America and Europe. We aimed to identify and compare the prevalence of F.

[Fever of unknown origin in the outpatient setting: A retrospective analysis of 30 cases of familial Mediterranean fever].

Background: In Japan, familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a rare cause of fever of unknown origin (FUO). However, we experienced an extraordinary number of FMF cases over 3 years. This suggests that many patients with FMF remain misdiagnosed in Japan.

Two Cases of Granulomatous Mastitis Caused by Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii Infection in Nulliparous Young Women with Hyperprolactinemia.

Recently, an association between granulomatous mastitis and local infection with Corynebacterium (C.) kroppenstedtii has been suggested. We herein report two cases of granulomatous mastitis resulting from C.

Autochthonous dengue fever, Tokyo, Japan, 2014.

After 70 years with no confirmed autochthonous cases of dengue fever in Japan, 19 cases were reported during August-September 2014. Dengue virus serotype 1 was detected in 18 patients. Phylogenetic analysis of the envelope protein genome sequence from 3 patients revealed 100% identity with the strain from the first patient (2014) in Japan.

Meningococcemia due to the 2000 Hajj-associated outbreak strain (Serogroup W-135 ST-11) with immunoreactive complications.

We present the first reported case of systemic infection with Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W-135 sequence type (ST)-11 in Japan. A 44-year-old woman presented with high fever, sore throat, and fatigue and was diagnosed with N. meningitidis bacteremia.

Value of carotid artery tenderness for the early diagnosis of Takayasu arteritis.

The early diagnosis and treatment of Takayasu arteritis (TA) is crucial to prevent the devastating complications of vascular insufficiency. This report describes a patient with a persistent fever in whom carotid artery tenderness led to a diagnosis of TA. This case suggests that carotid artery tenderness is a useful physical finding that warrants 2-deoxy-2-[Fluorine-18] fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography to confirm a diagnosis of early TA.

Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 3 complicated by mineralocorticoid-responsive hyponatremia of the elderly.

We experienced the first case with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 3 (anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody-positive hypothyroidism and anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody-positive diabetes) complicated by mineralocorticoid-responsive hyponatremia of the elderly. This case is also a rare slowly progressive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (SPIDDM) case, for which the patient has been treated for many years with sulfonylurea or glinide. Our observation also demonstrated that glucose metabolism in autoimmune diabetes such as SPIDDM is influenced by appetite, thyroid function and glucocorticoid effect.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor for steroid-induced diabetes.

The addition of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DDP-4) inhibitor has been reported to achieve greater improvements in glucose metabolism with fewer adverse events compared to increasing the metformin dose in type 2 diabetic patients. We present a patient with steroid-induced diabetes whose blood glucose levels were ameliorated by the use of the DPP-4 inhibitor, showing that the DPP-4 inhibitors may be an effective and safe oral anti-diabetic drug for steroid-induced diabetes.

Time of initial appearance of renal symptoms in the course of systemic lupus erythematosus as a prognostic factor for lupus nephritis.

The prognosis of lupus nephritis (LN) was studied retrospectively in two LN categories, LN manifested initially at systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) onset (I-LN) and LN of delayed manifestation after SLE onset (D-LN), based on a chart review (C) of 154 SLE (85 LN) patients with a mean observation of 20.8 +/- 9.3 years and a questionnaire study (Q) of 125 LN patients outside our hospital with mean observation of 17.

[A rare case of the lumbar ectopic kidney in Japanese adult].

In this paper, about the left lumber ectopic kidney of a 87-years-old Japanese woman, we observed the size of her kidney, the form of her renal hilum, and the form of her calicopelvic system. In addition, we measured the index of cortex and medulla (C/M), and examined the difference between the lumber ectopic and the normal kidney. There was no significant difference in the size (length, width, thickness, weight), without the external form was the distorted oval of lumber ectopic kidney.