A harmonized global gridded transpiration product based on collocation analysis.

Transpiration (T) is pivotal in the global water cycle, responding to soil moisture, atmospheric stress, climate changes, and human impacts. Therefore, establishing a reliable global transpiration dataset is essential. Collocation analysis methods have been proven effective for assessing the errors in these products, which can subsequently be used for multisource fusion.

Streamflow seasonality in a snow-dwindling world.

Climate warming induces shifts from snow to rain in cold regions, altering snowpack dynamics with consequent impacts on streamflow that raise challenges to many aspects of ecosystem services. A straightforward conceptual model states that as the fraction of precipitation falling as snow (snowfall fraction) declines, less solid water is stored over the winter and both snowmelt and streamflow shift earlier in season. Yet the responses of streamflow patterns to shifts in snowfall fraction remain uncertain.