Publications by authors named "Junsang Doh"
Article Synopsis
- Anti-CD19 CAR-engineered T and NK cell therapies have improved treatment for B cell malignancies, but issues like CD19 antigen loss limit effectiveness.
- Co-administering an anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody boosts the antitumor activity of CAR-T and CAR-NK cells, despite the antibody interfering with CAR binding to the CD19 antigen.
- This combination therapy alters T cell activation over time, enhancing the effectiveness of CAR cells in killing tumor cells and improving overall treatment outcomes in vivo.
Article Synopsis
- This study introduces a nanohybrid designed to enhance both photothermal and photodynamic effects for treating cancer, combining various polymers and gold nanoparticles.
- The unique assembly method produces uniform nanoparticles quickly and effectively, showing potent results when activated by a single near-infrared wavelength.
- The nanohybrid not only inhibits tumor growth and boosts immune responses but also shows improved efficacy when paired with immune checkpoint inhibitors, making it a promising option for combined cancer therapies.
Article Synopsis
- - The text discusses the importance of controlling polarized light for advanced optical applications like computing, encryption, and communication, highlighting the limitations of current methods such as low efficiency and restricted polarization states.
- - To tackle these issues, the authors combined LED spatiotemporal modulation, precise nanomaterial control, and 3D printing for effective light polarization, achieving high degrees of polarization from nanowires and quantum nanorods.
- - Their innovative device allows real-time adjustment of polarization states through LED pixels, enhancing data security in communication and enabling dynamic 2D/3D encrypted displays that can transmit complex information.
Article Synopsis
- Nitric oxide (NO) is essential for activating immune responses, particularly by promoting proinflammatory M1 macrophages, which can aid in cancer treatment.
- Researchers created a durable Cu-organic coordination polymer that continuously releases NO from natural sources, using a network built through complexation and cross-linking processes.
- The developed polymer effectively converts resting and tumor-supporting macrophages to the beneficial M1 type, suggesting that these BA-Cu films could serve as innovative cancer treatment patches.
Article Synopsis
- - The extracellular matrix (ECM) of solid tumors hinders the effectiveness of CD8 T and natural killer (NK) cells by restricting their movement and altering their functions.
- - Physical barriers created by the tumor ECM directly affect how these immune cells interact with cancer cells, obstructing effective immune response.
- - To enhance solid tumor immunotherapy, it's important to focus on the interactions between immune cells, cancer cells, and the ECM, using advanced bioengineering tools like 3D ECMs and microfluidics for research and treatment screening.
Article Synopsis
- Cancer immunotherapy aims to treat tumors by enhancing the immune system, but traditional models used for testing are not effective in replicating human-specific responses.
- More advanced models that simulate the complex interactions within tumors and the immune microenvironment are necessary for properly evaluating the treatment's effectiveness.
- Various latest imaging techniques are being developed for cancer immunotherapy assessment, including direct imaging of immune cell interactions, microwell systems for spatial observation, droplet assays for cell interactions, and 3D microphysiological systems to mimic the vascular environment, with an emphasis on moving towards more human-like immune models for future research.
Article Synopsis
- Molding processes for creating hydrogel and cryogel particles can be tricky due to challenges in separating the complex-shaped particles from molds, despite their ease of fabrication.
- This study introduces molds with superhydrophobic patterns made from etched PTFE blocks using a femtosecond laser, which allow for easier separation and repeated production of lyophilized cryogel particles in different designs.
- The research further explores the use of these molds to produce various sizes of gelatin-norbornene cryogel particles for applications in bone regeneration studies, showcasing their potential for mass production in various shapes.
Article Synopsis
- Lipid-coated microbubbles are commonly used for ultrasound imaging and drug delivery, but their effectiveness is limited by their short lifespan in the bloodstream and challenges with targeting specific cells.
- This study introduces exosome-fused microbubbles (Exo-MBs), which combine microbubbles with exosome membrane proteins, enhancing stability and targeting ability.
- Exo-MBs can then transform into nanoparticles (Exo-NPs) under ultrasound, allowing for improved therapeutic delivery of chlorin e6, leading to increased effectiveness in cancer treatments via photodynamic therapy and immunotherapy.
Article Synopsis
- * Advanced lipidomics techniques are helping scientists understand how the lipids in adipose tissue change in response to various physiological and medical factors, offering insights into metabolic disorders.
- * The review highlights potential therapeutic strategies, suggesting that adjusting lipid-mediator metabolism in adipose tissue could help prevent or treat conditions related to obesity and metabolic diseases.
Nanotechnology-enhanced radiotherapy and the abscopal effect: Current status and challenges of nanomaterial-based radio-immunotherapy.
Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol
March 2024
Article Synopsis
- Recent research shows that radiation therapy (RT) can trigger immune responses against cancer beyond the treated area, known as the abscopal effect, when combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
- Nanomaterials are being studied for their ability to enhance this effect by making cancer cell death more immunogenic, improving antigen transfer to immune cells, and delivering immune therapies alongside radiation.
- The article aims to outline the latest advancements in this area and identify gaps in knowledge that need to be addressed for better clinical applications of nanotechnology in cancer treatment.
Article Synopsis
- Natural killer (NK) cells are important immune cells that destroy viruses and cancer cells, and their effectiveness can be influenced by both biochemical signals and the physical structure of the tumor environment.* -
- This study explored how different surface textures and shapes of tumor cells, created using micro/nanofabrication technology, affected NK cell activity, revealing that grooves and elliptical patterns increased NK cell cytotoxicity.* -
- The findings suggest that the shape and tension of tumor cells play a significant role in how well NK cells can kill them, which could inform future strategies for developing cancer immunotherapies.*
Article Synopsis
- Cancer immunotherapy shows promise for treating cancer with low toxicity, but many patients don't respond effectively to it alone.
- This study explores a combination treatment using adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with photothermal therapy (PTT), employing smart gold nanoparticles (sAuNPs) to enhance the effectiveness of T cells against tumors.
- The results indicate that while the T cells can infiltrate tumors and initially control growth, the tumors eventually regrow; thus, combining ACT with PTT leads to significantly better outcomes compared to using either treatment on its own.
Article Synopsis
- An integrated immune cell separator, called the SMS chip, is developed to improve the clinical analysis of natural killer (NK) cells by isolating them from whole blood samples for better evaluation.
- The chip uses a unique design involving an iron-filled reservoir and a microfluidic lattice to efficiently remove red blood cells (RBCs) and exchange buffers, resulting in high-purity NK cell extraction in under 40 minutes.
- It allows for easy and rapid sorting of immune cells, making it a valuable tool for diagnosing conditions like hepatocellular cancer by examining NK cell function in patients and healthy individuals.
Article Synopsis
- The study presents an innovative implantable ionic device designed to deliver targeted light directly to tumor tissues, overcoming the limitations of external light sources that have low penetration.
- The device incorporates a wireless power transfer system to eliminate the need for battery replacements, ensuring stable light delivery while preventing mechanical inconsistencies often found in traditional systems.
- Testing showed that the device enhances antitumor effects effectively compared to conventional light treatments, demonstrating its potential for long-term exposure and clinical applications in managing residual tumors.
Article Synopsis
- Natural killer (NK) cells are immune cells that could be used for advanced cancer treatments, but traditional therapies focused on one target can struggle due to tumor heterogeneity and relapse.
- A new system called the split and universal cotinine-CAR (Cot-CAR) was developed, which allows NK cells to target multiple tumor antigens without needing extensive re-engineering.
- The effectiveness of the Cot-CAR system was tested on various tumor cells, proving that it offers improved specificity, adaptability, and potential to better manage tumor relapse and cytolytic activity in cancer therapies.
Article Synopsis
- The article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1004171 has been corrected to address previous errors or inaccuracies in the published content.!* -
- The correction ensures that the information presented in the article is reliable and maintains academic integrity.!* -
- Readers and researchers should refer to the updated article for accurate data and findings on the subject matter discussed.!*
Article Synopsis
- The formation of an immunological synapse (IS) is crucial for natural killer (NK) cells to effectively target and eliminate cancer cells, but the role of the cytoskeleton in maintaining IS stability remains unclear.
- Researchers found that the Nogo receptor 1 (NgR1) negatively affects NK cell function by destabilizing the IS, leading to decreased effectiveness in killing tumor cells.
- NgR1 deficiency or blockage enhances NK cell interactions with target cells, potentially improving cancer immunotherapy, especially in patients with tumors that express high levels of NgR1 ligands, which correlate with poor patient outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- Image-based cell sorting is crucial for biological research, allowing for the analysis of differences between cells.
- A new and improved microfluidic cell sorting system was developed, enhancing user-friendliness and functionality.
- The upgraded system features a high-resolution imaging stage, LED strobe light to reduce motion blur, and a vertical syringe pump to prevent cell sedimentation, achieving 99.4% sorting purity for fluorescent beads at 22.1 events per second.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the challenges of adoptive cell therapy (ACT) in effectively targeting solid tumors, contrasting its success in blood cancers, by focusing on the tumor microenvironment (TME) and its influence on immune cell function.
- Researchers created microwell arrays with varying protein coatings to understand how extracellular adhesion affects immune cell cytotoxicity against solid tumor cells.
- The results revealed that solid tumor cells adhered more firmly in certain conditions (FN-coated wells), which made them more resistant to immune cell attacks, while natural killer (NK) cells and T cells demonstrated different response behaviors to these adhesion cues.
Article Synopsis
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors and VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are common treatments for renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but a new strategy targeting CD47 could enhance anti-tumor effects.* -
- CD47 sends a "don't eat me" signal to macrophages, which are immune cells that can attack tumors; high levels of CD47 in RCC are linked to poorer survival rates.* -
- Blocking CD47 with antibodies boosts the ability of macrophages to attack RCC cells, especially when combined with VEGFR TKIs, suggesting a promising new treatment approach for RCC patients.*
Article Synopsis
- The study explores the use of umbilical cord blood-derived natural killer (NK) cells in adoptive cell therapy, highlighting the need for better culture methods due to low NK cell availability and limited UCB volume.
- Researchers tested different culture media and human serum supplementation to determine their effects on NK cell expansion and function.
- Results showed that while human serum can enhance NK cell growth, it can also slow down their ability to recognize and kill target cells, emphasizing the importance of carefully choosing culture media to optimize both quantity and quality of NK cells for therapy.
Article Synopsis
- Anisotropic volume changes in stimuli-responsive hydrogels enable the creation of complex 3D structures; however, traditional fabrication methods limit complexity.
- Researchers developed jammed microgel-based inks for extrusion-based 3D printing, which incorporate precursors of stimuli-responsive hydrogels into poly(acrylamide) microgels to facilitate this process.
- This innovative method allows for the production of 3D structures that change shape when exposed to stimuli, such as a transforming dumbbell and a gripping mechanism, showcasing its versatility for various applications.
Article Synopsis
- - Membrane nanotubes, or tunneling nanotubes (TNTs), serve as a new pathway for cells to communicate and transport materials over long distances, but their formation process is not well understood.
- - Researchers found that TNTs develop from structures called double filopodial bridges (DFBs), which occur when two filopodia touch and twist.
- - The transformation from a DFB to a TNT is likely triggered by mechanical forces that break the connection between the filopodia, facilitated by strong adhesion interactions between cadherins on neighboring cells.
Article Synopsis
- * The review highlights nanomaterial-based strategies to enhance T/NK cell therapy, covering improvements in cell expansion, gene delivery techniques, and anti-tumor efficacy.
- * It discusses the biological principles behind these strategies and compares methods tailored for T and NK cells, considering their unique characteristics.
Article Synopsis
- * The photocatalyst shows an unusual "oxygen-acceleration" effect, enabling the polymerization of various monomers in aqueous conditions, which is different from previous methods that required high costs and complex processes.
- * This new approach could lead to a broader application of protein-polymer conjugates in biocompatible settings, potentially benefiting various fields, including living cell systems.