Pax4-Ghrelin mediates the conversion of pancreatic ε-cells to β-cells after extreme β-cell loss in zebrafish.

Pancreatic ε-cells producing ghrelin are one type of endocrine cell found in islets, which have been shown to influence other intra-islet cells, especially in regulating the function of β cells. However, the role of such cells during β-cell regeneration is currently unknown. Here, using a zebrafish nitroreductase (NTR)-mediated β-cell ablation model, we reveal that ghrelin-positive ε-cells in the pancreas act as contributors to neogenic β-cells after extreme β-cell loss.

Hydrothermal carbonization of rape straw: Effect of reaction parameters on hydrochar and migration of AAEMs.

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) can improve biomass quality in both physical and chemical aspects for energy application. This study aims to investigate the characteristics and reactivities of rape straw (RS) hydrochars. Hydrochars were prepared at 160-240 °C with residence time of 15-120 min.