Interpenetrated nano- and submicro-fibrous biomimetic scaffolds towards enhanced mechanical and biological performances.

Developing fibrous scaffolds with hierarchical structures that closely mimic natural extracellular matrix (ECM) is highly desirable. However, fabricating scaffolds with true nanofibers (<100 nm) and submicrofibers (<1 μm) remains a big challenge. In this work, to mimic the fibrillar structure of natural ECM, bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibers were hybridized with cellulose acetate (CA) submicrofibers for the first time.

Sacrificial template method for the synthesis of three-dimensional nanofibrous 58S bioglass scaffold and its in vitro bioactivity and cell responses.

Three-dimensional nanofibrous scaffolds that morphologically mimic natural extracellular matrices hold great promises in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to their increased cell attachment and differentiation compared with block structure. In this work, for the first time, three-dimensional porous nanofibrous 58S bioglass scaffolds have been fabricated using a sacrificial template method. During the process, a natural three-dimensional nanofibrous bacterial cellulose was used as the sacrificial template on which precursor 58S glass was deposited via a sol-gel route.

Preparation, structural characterization, and in vitro cell studies of three-dimensional SiO-CaO binary glass scaffolds built ofultra-small nanofibers.

Three-dimensional (3D) nanofibrous scaffolds hold great promises in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In this work, for the first time, 3D SiO-CaO binary glass nanofibrous scaffolds have been fabricated via a combined method of template-assisted sol-gel and calcination by using bacterial cellulose as the template. SEM with EDS, TEM, and AFM confirm that the molar ratio of Ca to Si and fiber diameter of the resultant SiO-CaO nanofibers can be controlled by immersion time in the solution of tetraethyl orthosilicate and ethanol.