A Self-Compensating Non-Intrusive Ring-Type AC Voltage Sensor Based on Capacitive Coupling.

In order to reduce the influence of coupling capacitance variations on cable voltage measurement, this paper proposes a self-compensating non-intrusive ring-type AC voltage sensor based on capacitive coupling. A theoretical model of the sensor was established, and the influence of parasitic capacitance changes on sensor output was analyzed. Furthermore, a theoretical analysis shows that the parasitic capacitance between the external cable and the sensing probe, as well as between the ground and the sensing probe, will significantly affect the sensitivity of the sensor and increases the measurement error.

Surface Reconstruction of Single-Twinned AgPdIr Nanoalloy during the Formate Oxidation and Dehydrogenation Reactions.

Formate has emerged as a promising energy carrier to generate electrons via formate oxidation reaction (FOR) and hydrogen via formate dehydrogenation reaction (FDR), and it is desirable but difficult to design a novel bifunctional (electro)catalyst to improve reaction kinetics. Herein, we construct the single-twinned AgPdIr (t-AgPdIr) nanoalloy to improve the catalytic activity and stability for the formate oxidation and dehydrogenation processes. The t-AgPdIr nanoalloy, characterized by a distinctive twinned structure with strains and a downshift of the d-band center, demonstrates an improved peak current density of 4.

How do stretch rate, temperature, and solvent exchange affect elastic network rupture?

In this study, we investigate three different polymeric networks in terms of their tensile strength as a function of stretching rate, or temperature, or medium viscosity. Both an acrylate-based elastomer and a crosslinked poly(methyl acrylate) are stronger, more stretchable, and tougher at high rates. They are also much stronger at lower temperatures.

ParamsDrag: Interactive Parameter Space Exploration via Image-Space Dragging.

Numerical simulation serves as a cornerstone in scientific modeling, yet the process of fine-tuning simulation parameters poses significant challenges. Conventionally, parameter adjustment relies on extensive numerical simulations, data analysis, and expert insights, resulting in substantial computational costs and low efficiency. The emergence of deep learning in recent years has provided promising avenues for more efficient exploration of parameter spaces.

Mechanism of Zhishi Xiebai Guizhi decoction to treat atherosclerosis: Insights into experiments, network pharmacology and molecular docking.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Zhishi Xiebai Guizhi Decoction (ZSXBGZD) is a traditional herbal manuscript used to treat cardiovascular disease, including atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. The decoction has demonstrated its capability to protect arteries and resist atherosclerosis. Its mechanisms for anti-atherosclerosis effect, nevertheless, remain unknown.

Deconstruction of Polymers through Olefin Metathesis.

The consumption of synthetic polymers has ballooned; so has the amount of post-consumer waste generated. The current polymer economy, however, is largely linear with most of the post-consumer waste being either landfilled or incinerated. The lack of recycling, together with the sizable carbon footprint of the polymer industry, has led to major negative environmental impacts.

Revealing the reconstruction mechanism of AgPd nanoalloys under fluorination based on a multiscale deep learning potential.

The design of heterogeneous catalysts generally involves optimizing the reactivity descriptor of adsorption energy, which is inevitably governed by the structure of surface-active sites. A prerequisite for understanding the structure-properties relationship is the precise identification of real surface-active site structures, rather than relying on conceived structures derived from bulk alloy properties. However, it remains a formidable challenge due to the dynamic nature of nanoalloys during catalytic reactions and the lack of accurate and efficient interatomic potentials for simulations.

Naringin as a natural candidate for anti-autoimmune hepatitis: Inhibitory potency and hepatoprotective mechanism.

Background: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primarily mediated by T cells, is characterized by liver inflammation. Despite the advancements in understanding its pathogenesis, effective therapeutic options are limited. Naringin, a flavonoid abundant in citrus fruits, is recognized for its anti-inflammatory properties and ability to protect against various inflammatory diseases, including drug-induced liver injury.

Visual Analytics for Efficient Image Exploration and User-Guided Image Captioning.

Recent advancements in pre-trained language-image models have ushered in a new era of visual comprehension. Leveraging the power of these models, this article tackles two issues within the realm of visual analytics: (1) the efficient exploration of large-scale image datasets and identification of data biases within them; (2) the evaluation of image captions and steering of their generation process. On the one hand, by visually examining the captions generated from language-image models for an image dataset, we gain deeper insights into the visual contents, unearthing data biases that may be entrenched within the dataset.

A Flexible, Adaptive, and Self-Powered Triboelectric Vibration Sensor with Conductive Sponge-Silicone for Machinery Condition Monitoring.

Vibration sensors for continuous and reliable condition monitoring of mechanical equipment, especially detection points of curved surfaces, remain a great challenge and are highly desired. Herein, a highly flexible and adaptive triboelectric vibration sensor for high-fidelity and continuous monitoring of mechanical vibration conditions is proposed. The sensor is entirely composed of flexible materials.

Current status and continuing medical education need for general practitioners in Tibet, China: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The Tibetan area is one of China's minority regions with a shortage of general practice personnel, which requires further training and staffing. This research helps to understand the current condition and demand for general practitioner (GP) training in Tibetan areas and to provide a reference for promoting GP education and training.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey using stratified sampling targeting 854 GPs in seven cities within the Tibetan Autonomous Region, utilizing an online questionnaire.

Deficiency of purinergic P2X4 receptor alleviates experimental autoimmune hepatitis in mice.

Purinergic P2X4 receptor (P2X4R) has been shown to have immunomodulatory properties in infection, inflammation, and organ damage including liver regeneration and fibrosis. However, the mechanisms and pathophysiology associated with P2X4R during acute liver injury remain unknown. We used P2X4R mice to explore the role of P2X4R in three different models of acute liver injury caused by concanavalin A (ConA), carbon tetrachloride, and acetaminophen.

Visual Analytics for Machine Learning: A Data Perspective Survey.

The past decade has witnessed a plethora of works that leverage the power of visualization (VIS) to interpret machine learning (ML) models. The corresponding research topic, VIS4ML, keeps growing at a fast pace. To better organize the enormous works and shed light on the developing trend of VIS4ML, we provide a systematic review of these works through this survey.

Elamipretide(SS-31) Attenuates Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis by Inhibiting the Nrf2-Dependent NLRP3 Inflammasome in Macrophages.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fatal lung disease with a limited therapeutic strategy. Mitochondrial oxidative stress in macrophages is directly linked to IPF. Elamipretide(SS-31) is a mitochondrion-targeted peptide that has been shown to be safe and beneficial for multiple diseases.

An In-Situ Visual Analytics Framework for Deep Neural Networks.

The past decade has witnessed the superior power of deep neural networks (DNNs) in applications across various domains. However, training a high-quality DNN remains a non-trivial task due to its massive number of parameters. Visualization has shown great potential in addressing this situation, as evidenced by numerous recent visualization works that aid in DNN training and interpretation.

Coaxial Flexible Fiber-Shaped Triboelectric Nanogenerator Assisted by Deep Learning for Self-Powered Vibration Monitoring.

Self-powered vibration sensor is highly desired for distributed and continuous monitoring requirements of Industry 4.0. Herein, a flexible fiber-shaped triboelectric nanogenerator (F-TENG) with a coaxial core-shell structure is proposed for the vibration monitoring.

Glutamate-pantothenate pathway promotes antibiotic resistance of .

Although cellular metabolic states have been shown to modulate bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics, the interaction between glutamate (Glu) and chloramphenicol (CAP) resistance remains unclear because of the specificity of antibiotics and bacteria. We found that the level of Glu was upregulated in the CAP-resistant strain of according to a comparative metabolomics approach based on LC-MS/MS. Furthermore, we verified that exogenous metabolites related to Glu, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and glutathione (GSH) metabolism could promote CAP resistance in survival assays.

Naringenin confers protection against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis through modulating the gut-brain axis: A multiomics analysis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system that involves the immune system attacking the protective covering of nerve fibers. This disease can be influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. Evidence has highlighted the critical role of the intestinal microbiota in MS and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).

NRF1 promotes primordial germ cell development, proliferation and survival.

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the germline precursors that give rise to oocytes and sperm, ensuring the continuation of life. While the PGC specification is extensively studied, it remains elusive how the PGC population is sustained and expanded after they migrate to embryonic gonads before birth. This study demonstrates that NRF1, a known regulator for mitochondrial metabolism, plays critical roles in post-migrating PGC development.

Role of Tim-3 in COVID-19: a potential biomarker and therapeutic target.

T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain containing protein 3 (Tim-3), an immune checkpoint, is important for maintaining immune tolerance. There is increasing evidence that Tim-3 is aberrantly expressed in patients with COVID-19, indicating that it may play an important role in COVID-19. In this review, we discuss the altered expression and potential role of Tim-3 in COVID-19.

Green tea EGCG inhibits naïve CD4 T cell division and progression in mice: An integration of network pharmacology, molecular docking and experimental validation.

Dietary green tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) could attenuate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis via the modification of the balance of CD4 T helper (Th) cells. Moreover, EGCG administration has a direct impact on the regulatory cytokines and differentiation of CD4 T cells. Here, we aim to determine whether EGCG directly affects the cell division and progression in naive CD4 T cells.

Structural transformations in single-crystalline AgPd nanoalloys from multiscale deep potential molecular dynamics.

AgPd nanoalloys often undergo structural evolution during catalytic reactions; the mechanism underlying such restructuring remains largely unknown due to the use of oversimplified interatomic potentials in simulations. Herein, a deep-learning potential is developed for AgPd nanoalloys based on a multiscale dataset spanning from nanoclusters to bulk configurations, exhibits precise predictions of mechanical properties and formation energies with near-density functional theory accuracy, calculates the surface energies closer to experimental values compared to those obtained by Gupta potentials, and is applied to investigate the shape reconstruction of single-crystalline AgPd nanoalloys from cuboctahedron (Oh) to icosahedron (Ih) geometries. The Oh to Ih shape restructuring is thermodynamically favorable and occurs at 11 and 92 ps for Pd55@Ag254 and Ag147@Pd162 nanoalloys, respectively.

Atomic strain and catalytic properties of formate oxidation and dehydrogenation in AgPd nanoalloys.

Formate is a promising hydrogen carrier for safe storage and transport and a fuel for direct formate fuel cells. However, the sluggish kinetics of catalysts for formate dehydrogenation (FDH) and oxidation reactions (FORs) significantly limit the potential applications of formate. Strain effects can effectively modulate catalytic properties by altering the electronic structure.

Ivermectin Protects Against Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice by Modulating the Th17/Treg Balance Involved in the IL-2/STAT5 Pathway.

Multiple sclerosis (MS), a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS), is characterized by white matter demyelination, axon destruction, and oligodendrocyte degeneration. Ivermectin, an anti-parasitic drug, has anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antiviral properties. However, to date, there are no in-depth studies on the effect of ivermectin on the function effector of T cells in murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS.