Head impact differences in blind football between Rio 2016 and Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games: video-based observational study.

Objective: In Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games, there were the rule and goal size changes at the blind football competition. This study aimed to compare the scoring and head impact characteristics during blind football competition between the Rio 2016 and Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games using the official videos.

Design: Video-based observational study.

Characteristics of Wheelchair Basketball Falls During the Tokyo 2020 Paralympics by Sex and Physical Impairment Classification: A Video-Based Observational Study.

Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate the fall characteristics of wheelchair basketball players by sex and impairment classification using the official videos of the Tokyo 2020 Summer Paralympic Games.

Design: This was a video-based observational study. In total, 42 men's and 31 women's wheelchair basketball game videos were obtained from the official International Paralympic Committee.

Head Impact in Blind Football During the Tokyo Paralympics: Video-Based Observational Study.

Head impacts during blind football are common and have high injury rates; however, their characteristics and impact are still underreported. We compared head impact characteristics in blind football players with and without falls on all 18 official blind football match videos from the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic games. The rate of head impacts with falls was significantly higher in the preliminary phase, offense phase, and during dribbling.

Characteristics of Falls Among Men's Wheelchair Rugby Players in the Rio 2016 and Tokyo 2020 Summer Paralympic Games: A Video Analysis.

Wheelchair rugby is a contact sport in which falls are common and injury rates are high, yet the characteristics of the falls are still under-reported. We investigated the fall characteristics of men's wheelchair rugby players by functional classification, using all 36 official match videos from the Rio 2016 and Tokyo 2020 summer Paralympic Games. The videos were analyzed to evaluate the number of falls, playing time when the fall occurred, playing phase (offense or defense), contact with other players, foul judgement, direction of the fall, and the body part first in contact with the floor.

Analysis of wheelchair falls in team sports at the Paralympic Games: video-based descriptive comparison between the Rio 2016 and Tokyo 2020 games.

Objectives: To identify the fall characteristics of athletes in wheelchair rugby and wheelchair basketball during the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games and descriptively compare these with those of the Rio 2016 Paralympic Games.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis.

Primary And Secondary Outcome Measures: We obtained video footage from the International Paralympic Committee of the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games that included 8 teams from each of the 18 wheelchair rugby and 10 wheelchair basketball games (men and women).

Does the sesamoid rotation angle change differently in subjects with hallux valgus considering foot position during assumed walking? A pilot study.

Hallux valgus (HV) entails changes in the alignment of the rotating sesamoids and a shift of the abductor hallucis muscle (ABH) in the plantar direction, decreasing the abductor force. Load on the foot while walking may change the sesamoid rotation angle (SRA). Nevertheless, no study has investigated the relationship between the change in SRA during assumed walking and ABH muscle size.

Biomechanics of Double Poling in Paralympic Cross-Country Skiing-A Cross-Sectional Study Comparing the Standing and Sitting Positions in Healthy Male Subjects.

: Double poling is an important fundamental skill required for cross-country skiing in able-bodied athletes and in those with physical disabilities. Meanwhile, the performance improvement and injury prevention related to double poling requires a thorough assessment, whereas the scapular and shoulder kinematics in different postural conditions remain to be clarified. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the biomechanics during cross-country ski double poling in the standing and sitting positions.

The Relationship between Modified Short Physical Performance Battery and Falls: A Cross-Sectional Study of Older Outpatients.

The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is a physical fall-risk screening tool and predictor of adverse health effects for the older. Its limited use in Japan is due to the relative ease for high-functioning older adults to achieve perfect scores. Japanese researchers thus created a community-based SPPB (SPPB-com).

Tensiomyographic Neuromuscular Response of the Peroneus Longus and Tibialis Anterior with Chronic Ankle Instability.

This study aimed to investigate the muscle contractile response of the peroneus longus (PL) and tibialis anterior (TA) in groups with and without chronic ankle instability (CAI) using tensiomyography. Twenty-three adults, 12 with CAI and 11 healthy participants, participated in this study. All subjects underwent a tensiomyographic assessment of the PL and TA to measure delay time, contraction time and maximal displacement.

The infraspinatus muscle activity during pitching motion in baseball players with shoulder instability.

Background: Shoulder microinstability is often overlooked, which can be problematic, especially in overhead athletes. The slipping phenomenon is defined as posterior or lateral sliding of the humeral head in an elevated arm. When the shoulder is close to the end range of stability, the infraspinatus is highly activated and keeps the shoulder in the glenoid cavity.

Shoulder muscle activation during scapular protraction exercise with arm rotation.

Background: The role of the serratus anterior is to maintain scapular stability. To strengthen this muscle, scapular protraction exercises are typically performed. Although the angle of arm rotation leads to changes in shoulder muscle activation, the arm rotation position is not normally determined.

Ultrasonographic Evaluation of the Shoulders and Its Associations with Shoulder Pain, Age, and Swim Training in Masters Swimmers.

The long head of the biceps (LHB) and rotator cuff tendinopathy is the major cause of shoulder pain in competitive swimmers. The risk of tendinopathy increases with aging; however, the structural changes of LHB and rotator cuff in populations of masters swimmers have not been well examined. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of ultrasonographic abnormalities of the shoulders in masters swimmers, and the association of pain, age, and swim training with structural changes in this population.

Association between falling direction and age in older patients with hip fractures.

Background: The incidence of fall-related hip fractures in old patients aged over 85 years was reported to be higher than that in old patients aged between 65 and 84 years; however, there are no known studies that reported differences of these age groups with respect to the falling situation.

Objective: This study investigated the association between age and falling direction in patients with hip fractures.

Material And Methods: This study analyzed the medical records of older patients with fall-related hip fractures who were hospitalized in 2011-2018.

Functional Predictors for Home Discharge after Hip Fracture in Patients Living in Sloped Neighborhoods or Islands: An 8-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.

Functional predictors of home discharge after hip fractures have been widely reported; however, no study has considered the geographical features surrounding patients' homes. This study aimed to identify home discharge predictors and determine the cutoff points required for home discharge of patients living in sloped neighborhoods or islands. A total of 437 postoperative hip fracture patients were included and classified into the flat, slope, and island groups according to their residential area before the fracture.

Comparative study of the differences in shoulder muscle activation according to arm rotation angle.

Background: Scapular muscle exercise is important for patients with shoulder disorders. Distal variance leads to changes in shoulder muscle activation. Here, we aimed to determine whether scapular muscle activation is affected by different arm rotation angles.

Effect of 4-week cyclic stretching program on muscle properties and physical performance in healthy adult men.

Background: The short-term effect of cyclic stretching (CS) has been found to decrease muscle hardness and improve physical performance. However, the long-term effect of CS program was unclear. This study investigated the long-term effect of CS program on muscle properties and physical performance.

Quantity and quality of the peroneus longus assessed using ultrasonography in leg with chronic ankle instability.

[Purpose] Muscle quantity (e.g., cross-sectional area) and quality (e.

Effect of Whole-Body-Vibration Training on Trunk-Muscle Strength and Physical Performance in Healthy Adults: Preliminary Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Context: Whole-body-vibration (WBV) stimulus equipment has been used as a new training method for health promotion. Its use in the clinic has expanded to the field of sports and rehabilitation for disabled patients. WBV training is rapidly gaining popularity in health and fitness centers as an alternative method for improving muscle performance.

[The effect of different working postures while felling a tree with a chain-saw on trunk muscles' activity].

Purpose: Many forestry workers who use chain-saws suffer from low back pain. Previous studies have reported that low back pain is related to the working postures while felling a tree with a using chain-saws. However, no previous study has investigated trunk muscle activities during work.

The effect of different stretching techniques on ankle joint range of motion and dynamic postural stability after landing.

Background: Stretching improves the flexibility of skeletal muscles, increases the range of motion (ROM) of joints. Stretching is important in prevention of sport-related injuries and influences muscle strength and performance. The effects of Static Stretching (SS) and Cyclic Stretching (CS) have been assessed by examining ROM, muscle power, vertical jump performance.

The Effect of Ankle Taping to Restrict Plantar Flexion on Ball and Foot Velocity During an Instep Kick in Soccer.

Context: Posterior ankle impingement syndrome is a common disorder in soccer players and ballet dancers. In soccer players, it is caused by the repetitive stress of ankle plantar flexion due to instep kicking. Protective ankle dorsiflexion taping is recommended with the belief that it prevents posterior ankle impingement.