Factors associated with public awareness of the Crown Health Program in the Al-Jouf Region.

Objectives: A community-based intervention, the Crown Health Project (CHP), was developed by the Ministry of Health. It was implemented on a small-scale in Al-Jouf Region in Northern Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to assess its feasibility and effectiveness so that it can be scaled up. This study primarily aimed at investigating factors associated with the awareness of CHP in order to improve subsequent campaigns for the program in Al-Jouf and other regions.

Tumor regression with a combination of drugs interfering with the tumor metabolism: efficacy of hydroxycitrate, lipoic acid and capsaicin.

Cellular metabolic alterations are now well described as implicated in cancer and some strategies are currently developed to target these different pathways. In previous papers, we demonstrated that a combination of molecules (namely alpha-lipoic acid and hydroxycitrate, i.e.

An investigation of the apparent breast cancer epidemic in France: screening and incidence trends in birth cohorts.

Background: Official descriptive data from France showed a strong increase in breast-cancer incidence between 1980 to 2005 without a corresponding change in breast-cancer mortality. This study quantifies the part of incidence increase due to secular changes in risk factor exposure and in overdiagnosis due to organised or opportunistic screening. Overdiagnosis was defined as non progressive tumours diagnosed as cancer at histology or progressive cancer that would remain asymptomatic until time of death for another cause.

Does ozonation of drinking water reduce the risk of bladder cancer?

Background: Epidemiologic studies of drinking water disinfection byproducts have focused primarily on the carcinogenic potential of chlorination byproducts. Because drinking water has been ozonated in France for decades, we were able to assess the carcinogenic risk of the disinfection byproducts generated by both ozonation and chlorination.

Methods: We used data from a case-control study of bladder cancer conducted between 1985 and 1987 in 7 French hospitals.

[Breast cancer: dangers of alleged certainties].

The artificial increase of breast cancer incidence is estimated as amounting to 30,000 new cases in the year 2000 in France. This increase would be attributable to a 1.2% lack of specificity for the whole range of diagnostic procedures.

[Breast cancer detection and medicalization of public health].

The aim of reducing breast cancer mortality announced in the report on health in France published in 1994 strongly implicated the promotion of screening and early surgical treatment. However, this mortality has not evolved significantly in France, although more and more cancers have been found and operated upon. The increased prevalence rates of histological diagnoses of breast cancer obtained from the studies of autopsies published has shown that the screening has discovered non-terminal, benign cancers.

[A model for evaluating screening tests. The case of colorectal tumors].

The results of numerous studies on screening are restricted to crude estimates of the predictive value of different tests. This is notely the case for early diagnosis of colorectal adenoma and cancer. The reference examination is in principle a total colonoscopy.

Leukemia after radiotherapy for first primary cancers of various anatomic sites.

The authors conducted a case-control study designed to evaluate the association between radiotherapy for a first primary cancer and subsequent leukemia risk. Study subjects were selected from four tumor registries (California, Connecticut, Kansas, and Massachusetts). Cases were subjects with two primary cancers; the second cancer was a leukemia diagnosed one year or more after the diagnosis of the first primary cancer.

[The influence of family environment on the evolution of tobacco consumption in 2 trial towns and 2 control towns in Switzerland].

As part of a study on cardiovascular risk factor modification in four Swiss cities (National Research Program 1A, "Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Switzerland") between 1977 and 1981, the influence of family members on changes in tobacco consumption was investigated. In this study there were two intervention cities, with a community health education program, and two reference cities. The net decrease of regular smokers was significantly more important in the intervention cities (-3.

[Evolution of tobacco consumption in 2 towns with intervention programs and 2 control towns in Switzerland].

The National Research Program 1 A on "Primary Prevention of cardiovascular disease in Switzerland' was designed to determine whether community health education can reduce cardiovascular risk factors in the population. Two communities (12,000 inhabitants each) in the French speaking and two (16,000 inhabitants each) in the German speaking part of the country were selected either for intervention or comparison. Following baseline screening in 1977 (stratified random samples) and the community intervention program (1978-1980), a final assessment on the initial participants was performed at the end of 1980.

[Prevention of coronary disease].

Primary prevention of ischemic heart disease concerns the entire community. The Swiss National Research Program on the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease has promoted and evaluated prevention activities at town level in the Swiss towns of Nyon and Aarau. Local physicians have played an essential role in establishing a prevention centre involving health professionals, the majority of whom are nonphysicians.