Publications by authors named "Junming Shi"

Understanding treatment effects on health-related outcomes using real-world data requires defining a causal parameter and imposing relevant identification assumptions to translate it into a statistical estimand. Semiparametric methods, like the targeted maximum likelihood estimator (TMLE), have been developed to construct asymptotically linear estimators of these parameters. To further establish the asymptotic efficiency of these estimators, two conditions must be met: 1) the relevant components of the data likelihood must fall within a Donsker class, and 2) the estimates of nuisance parameters must converge to their true values at a rate faster than .

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Article Synopsis
  • Long COVID is a condition that can cause many symptoms after someone has COVID-19 and can make people feel really sick.
  • Some scientists think that parts of the COVID-19 virus might stop the body from making serotonin, a chemical that helps regulate mood, and this could lead to Long COVID symptoms.
  • A study found that people who took a type of medicine called SSRIs, which help boost serotonin levels, had a lower chance of developing Long COVID compared to those who didn't take these medicines.
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Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is a pathogen that causes febrile infectious diseases and neurological damage to humans. TBEVs are prevalent from Europe to Far Eastern Asia, including Northeastern China. The understanding of TBEV phylogeny in China has been limited owing to insufficient genomic data on Chinese TBEV strains.

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Background: Postacute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), also known as long COVID, is a broad grouping of a range of long-term symptoms following acute COVID-19. These symptoms can occur across a range of biological systems, leading to challenges in determining risk factors for PASC and the causal etiology of this disorder. An understanding of characteristics that are predictive of future PASC is valuable, as this can inform the identification of high-risk individuals and future preventative efforts.

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Jingmenviruses are a category of emerging segmented viruses that have garnered global attention in recent years, and are close relatives of the flaviviruses in the Flaviviridae family. One of their genome segments encodes NSP1 homologous to flavivirus NS5. NSP1 comprises both the methyltransferase (MTase) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) modules playing essential roles in viral genome replication and capping.

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Soil degradation has become a major global problem owing to the rapid development of agriculture. The problems of soil drought and decreased soil fertility caused by soil degradation severely affect the development of the agricultural and forestry industries. In this study, we designed sodium alginate (SA)/sodium lignosulfonate (SLS) hydrogel based on the activation and crosslinking of inert Ca.

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This review gives an overview of the protective role of CD8 T cells in SARS-CoV-2 infection. The cross-reactive responses intermediated by CD8 T cells in unexposed cohorts are described. Additionally, the relevance of resident CD8 T cells in the upper and lower airway during infection and CD8 T-cell responses following vaccination are discussed, including recent worrisome breakthrough infections and variants of concerns (VOCs).

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To increase the imaging resolution and detection capability, the field strength of static magnetic fields (SMFs) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has significantly increased in the past few decades. However, research on the side effects of high magnetic field is still very inadequate and the effects of SMF above 1 T (Tesla) on B cells have never been reported. Here, we show that 33.

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The simultaneous reforming of biomass into high value-added chemicals and H production by water splitting in a green and environmentally clean way is a very challenging task. Herein, we demonstrate the design of bifunctional MnCdS photocatalyst with a controllable band gap by bandgap engineering. Bandgap engineering effectively regulates the oxidation and reduction capacity of materials.

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Three-dimensional (3D) TiO hierarchical microspheres (THMs) were successfully prepared via a facial template-free hydrothermal approach. The possible growth mechanism of THM was also investigated by TiCl concentration-, time-, and temperature-dependent experiments. The results indicate that the formation of an urchin-like hierarchical structure may follow a "nucleation-dissolution and recrystallization-assembly" process.

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Background: Household air pollution (HAP) from indoor combustion of solid fuel is a global health burden linked to lung cancer. In Xuanwei, China, lung cancer rate for nonsmoking women is among the highest in the world and largely attributed to high levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that are produced from combustion of smoky (bituminous) coal used for cooking and heating. Epigenetic age acceleration (EAA), a DNA methylation-based biomarker of aging, has been shown to be highly correlated with biological processes underlying the susceptibility of age-related diseases.

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In this study, to improve the soil amendment performance of film materials, composite films with the adjustable number of layers and controlled slow-release time were prepared using sodium alginate (SA), chitosan (CS) and activated charcoal (AC) as raw materials. The prepared multilayer films exhibited a wide pH response range and excellent slow-release time. The cumulative release of humic acid (HA) increased from 19.

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• All the domains of SFTSV-L protein were required for its function in viral RNA replication/transcription. • The influence of twelve conserved residues were evaluated, nine of which showed significance in the function of L protein. • Nine residues of SFTSV-L were strictly conserved among phleboviruses, suggesting its potency as a promising drug target.

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Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV) infection, was first reported in 2010 in China with an initial fatality of up to 30%. The laboratory confirmation of SFTSV infection in terms of detection of viral RNA or antibody levels is critical for SFTS diagnosis and therapy. In this study, a new luciferase immunoprecipitation system (LIPS) assay based on pREN2 plasmid expressing SFTSV NP gene and tagged with Renilla luciferase (Rluc), was established and used to investigate the levels of antibody responses to SFTSV.

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The transfection of plasmids into cell lines for the transient expression of exogenous proteins is a fundamental method for characterizing their functions, cellular localization and interactions. Currently, only a few reports on tick transfection systems and expression plasmids specifically constructed for tick cell lines have been published. In this study, the transcriptome of the tick cell line IDE8 was analyzed to screen for highly-expressed genes.

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To find a cocatalyst that can replace noble metals, fungal carbon dot (CD) modified molybdenum disulfide (MoS) cocatalyst system was designed. The composites were prepared by hydrothermal and calcination methods with different ratios of CDs, MoS and nitrogen-rich carbon nitride (p-CN). p-CN has excellent electronic properties, and MoS modified by CDs (D-MoS) can significantly enhance the photocatalytic performance of p-CN by improving the photogenerated electron migration efficiency.

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A novel N-rich sugarcane-like photocatalyst CdS/CN (CCN) was prepared by a thermal polymerization method and tested for generating H and realizing antiphotocorrosive performance. The best photocatalytic H evolution is obtained for a CdS to CN mass ratio of 1:1 (CCN3), which is nearly 33 and 3 times higher than that of pure CN and CdS, respectively. CCN3 can be used to effectively reduce CdS photocorrosion and increase stability because of its N-rich performance and sugarcane-like structure, which can affect electron transport and enhance the internal binding force, respectively.

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Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by the tick-borne SFTS bunyavirus (SFTSV) resulting in a high fatality rate up to 30%. SFTSV is a negative-strand RNA virus containing three single-stranded RNA genome segments designated as L, M, and S, which respectively, encode the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), glycoproteins Gn and Gc, and nucleoprotein (N) and non-structural proteins (NSs). NSs can form inclusion bodies (IBs) in infected and transfected cells.

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Ticks are well known as vectors of many viruses which usually do great harm to human and animal health. Yunnan Province, widely covered by flourishing vegetation and mainly relying on farming husbandry, is abundant with Rhipicephalus microplus ticks. Therefore, it is of great significance to characterize the viral profile present in R.

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Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), the causative agent of a febrile human disease, was first identified from central and eastern provinces in China, and later in Japan and South Korea. Hubei Province is one of the major SFTS epidemic areas in the central part of China. This study reported the isolation of 11 new SFTSV strains from patients in Hubei Province collected in 2017.

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Honey bees are essential to the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. However, despite no single factor being blamed for losses of honey bee colonies in Europe and the USA, viruses have been considered as a major driver. Moreover, a virus vector can enhance the titer and virulence of virus such as can change the virulence of the deformed wing virus.

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Two challenges persist in the applications of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for environmental remediation and waste treatment: limited mobility due to rapid aggregation and short lifespan in water due to quick oxidation. Herein, we report the nZVI incorporated into mesoporous carbon (MC) to enhance stability in aqueous solution and mobility in porous media. Meanwhile, the reactivity of nZVI is preserved thanks to high temperature treatment and confinement of carbon framework.

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Ticks are important vectors for the transmission of pathogens including viruses. The viruses carried by ticks also known as tick-borne viruses (TBVs), contain a large group of viruses with diverse genetic properties and are concluded in two orders, nine families, and at least 12 genera. Some members of the TBVs are notorious agents causing severe diseases with high mortality rates in humans and livestock, while some others may pose risks to public health that are still unclear to us.

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Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne virus that causes epidemics widely in the world especially in the tropical and subtropical regions. Phylogenetic analysis has found that the CHIKV lineages were associated with the spatial and temporal distributions, which were related to the virus adaption to the major mosquito species and their distributions. In this study, we reported the complete genome sequences of eight CHIKV isolates from the outbreak in Pakistan last year.

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