Plant Invasion Increases Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon: Meta-Analysis and Empirical Tests.

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a vital component of the global carbon cycle. SOC influences soil fertility and structure and is controlled by various factors, including land use, land management practices, and climate change. Biological invasion is a significant yet controversial factor that can alter SOC levels.

Thioketal-photocage: a universal modification strategy for constructing new photochemical tools for real-time imaging in living cells.

Photoactivable fluorescent probes (photocages) are powerful tools for studying biological processes in living cells. We report a novel class of photodegradable thioketals that serve as photo-responsive elements and apply them to xanthene dyes to design photocages for live cell imaging. Compared with traditional thioketals, these compounds demonstrate the ability to undergo deprotection upon exposure to ultraviolet-visible light, independent of photosensitizers or external oxidants and relying solely on dissolved oxygen within the solvent.

Fabrication of strain-sensing fibers with silver nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide via wet spinning.

To advance the industrialization of flexible strain sensors, an innovative flexible sensing fiber was developed through a sophisticated wet spinning process. Silver trifluoroacetate and graphene oxide (GO) were combined with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) to prepare the fibers via wet spinning. Ascorbic acid was used toreduce the silver trifluoroacetate and graphene oxide within the polyurethane, causing the growth of silver nanoparticles to bond with reduced graphene oxide, forming a dual conductive pathway.

Optimal human respiratory simulation for exhaled gas based on CFD method.

Human breathing is crucial for studying indoor environments and human health. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is a key tool for simulating human respiration. To enhance the accuracy of CFD simulations and reduce computation time, a new simulation strategy for human respiration is proposed in this paper.

Activation of D2-like dopamine receptors improves the neuronal network and cognitive function of PPT1KI mice.

Palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1 (PPT1) is a lysosomal depalmitoylation enzyme that mediates protein posttranslational modifications. Loss-of-function mutation of PPT1 causes a failure of the lysosomal degradation of palmitoylated proteins and results in a congenital disease characterized by progressive neuronal degeneration referred to as infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (INCL). A mouse knock-in model of PPT1 (PPT1-KI) was established by introducing the R151X mutation into exon 5 of the PPT1 gene, which exhibited INCL-like pathological lesions.

Protein disulfide isomerase A4 binds to Brucella BtpB and mediates intracellular NAD/NADH metabolism in RAW264.7 cells.

The Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) signaling domain is distributed widely in mammalian Toll-like receptors and adaptors, plant nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors, and specific bacterial virulence proteins. Proteins that possess TIR domain exhibit NADase activity which is distinct from the canonical signaling function of these domains. However, the effects of bacterial TIR domain proteins on host metabolic switches and the underlying mechanism of NADase activity in these proteins remain unclear.

Construction of a novel aminofluorene-based ratiometric near-infrared fluorescence probe for detecting carboxylesterase activity in living cells.

Herein, we constructed a novel aminofluorene-based fluorescence probe (FEN-CE) for the detection of carboxylesterase (CE) in living cells by a ratiometric near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence signal. FEN-CE with NIR emission (650 nm) could be hydrolyzed specifically by CE and transformed to FENH with the release of the self-immolative group, which exhibited a red-shifted emission peak of 680 nm. In addition, FEN-CE showed high selectivity for CE and was successfully used in the detection of CE activity in living cells through its ratiometric NIR fluorescence signals.

The PTB and PRR domains of numb regulate neurite outgrowth by influencing voltage-gated calcium channel expression and kinetics.

Numb is an evolutionarily conserved protein that regulates the differentiation of neuronal progenitor cells through unknown mechanisms. Numb has four alternative splice variants with different lengths of phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) and proline-rich regions (PRR) domains. In this study, we demonstrated that Numb expression was increased in the primary cultures of rat cortical and hippocampal neurons over time in vitro, and Numb antisense inhibited neurite outgrowth.

A Polymeric Hydrogel to Eliminate Programmed Death-Ligand 1 for Enhanced Tumor Radio-Immunotherapy.

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a specialized shield on tumor cells that evades the immune system. Even inhibited by PD-L1 antibodies, a cycling process constantly transports PD-L1 from inside to outside of cells, facilitating the renewal and replenishment of PD-L1 on the cancer cell membrane. Herein, we develop a sodium alginate hydrogel consisting of elesclomol-Cu and galactose to induce persistent cuproptosis, leading to the reduction of PD-L1 for radio-immunotherapy of colon tumors.

(P)ppGpp synthetase Rsh participates in rifampicin tolerance of persister cells in Brucella abortus in vitro.

Brucella abortus is facultative intracellular pathogen that causes chronic persistent infections and results in abortion and infertility in food animals. Recurrent infections can be one of the results of persister cells formation that transiently displays phenotypic tolerance to high dose of antibiotics treatment. We examined persister cells formation of B.

Rational Design of Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probes for Accurately Tracking Lysosomal Viscosity with Allyl Snchoring Si-Rhodamine.

The abnormal microenvironment parameter, viscosity, is closely connected with various diffusion processes, signal transduction, molecule interactions, and various diseases. It is greatly significant to design viscosity-dependent near-infrared (NIR) small molecule fluorescence probes for visualizing biological processes or diagnosing diseases. Herein, through the stepwise modulating structure of the silicon-rhodamine fluorophore (SR), we report three viscosity probes with allyl or methyl group as rotors, named , , and .

Exogenous AMPA downregulates gamma-frequency network oscillation in CA3 of rat hippocampal slices.

Pharmacologically-induced persistent hippocampal γ oscillation in area CA3 requires activation of α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate receptors (AMPARs). However, we demonstrated that exogenous AMPA dose-dependently inhibited carbachol (CCH)-induced γ oscillation in the CA3 area of rat hippocampal slices, but the underlying mechanism is not clear. Application of AMPARs antagonist NBQX (1 μM) did not affect γ oscillation power (γ power), nor AMPA-mediated γ power reduction.

Factors Influencing Patient and Caregiver Preferences for Antipsychotic Treatment of Schizophrenia in China: A Discrete Choice Experiment.

Purpose: This study aimed to quantify the preferences of Chinese patients with schizophrenia and their caregivers for antipsychotic treatment.

Patients And Methods: Patients with schizophrenia (aged 18-35) and their caregivers were recruited via six outpatient mental health clinics in Shanghai, People's Republic of China. In a discrete choice experiment (DCE), participants chose between two hypothetical treatment scenarios that varied regarding the type of treatment, rate of hospitalization, severity of positive symptoms, treatment cost and rates of improvement in daily and social functioning.

CNTN1 Aggravates Neuroinflammation and Triggers Cognitive Deficits in Male Mice by Boosting Crosstalk between Microglia and Astrocytes.

A wealth of knowledge regarding glial cell-mediated neuroinflammation, which contributes to cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has emerged in recent years. Contactin 1(CNTN1), a member of the cell adhesion molecule and immunoglobulin supergene family, is centrally involved in axonal growth regulation and is also a key player in inflammation-associated disorders. However, whether CNTN1 plays a role in inflammation-related cognitive deficits and how this process is triggered and orchestrated remain to be fully elucidated.

Soybean SAUL1, a Bona Fide U-Box E3 Ligase, Negatively Regulates Immunity Likely through Repressing the Activation of MPK3.

E3 ubiquitin ligases play important roles in plant immunity, but their role in soybean has not been investigated previously. Here, we used (BPMV)-mediated virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) to investigate the function of SAUL1 (Senescence-Associated E3 Ubiquitin Ligase 1) homologs in soybean. When two closely related homologs were silenced simultaneously, the soybean plants displayed autoimmune phenotypes, which were significantly alleviated by high temperature, suggesting that SAUL1a/1b might be guarded by an R protein.

Early cerebral hemodynamic changes following unilateral carotid artery stenting in patients with different degrees of carotid stenosis.

Background: Few studies have focused on cerebral hemodynamics in the early stage following carotid artery stenting (CAS). This retrospective cohort study aimed to investigate cerebral hemodynamic changes within 6 hours of unilateral CAS in patients with different degrees of carotid stenosis.

Methods: A total of 104 patients who underwent CAS accompanied by transcranial color-code Doppler or transcranial Doppler were enrolled in the study.

Hsa_circ_0046430 promotes the progression of colorectal cancer by targeting miR-6785-5p/SRCIN1 axis as a ceRNA.

The correlation among circular RNAs (circRNAs), microRNAs, and messenger RNAs have gained increasing attention in recent years. However, the mechanism of such discoveries in colorectal cancer (CRC) is not yet elucidated. The present study aimed to clarify whether the novel circRNAs regulate the prognosis-related genes through the competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA).

Comparison of pain relief and limb function improvement after extracorporeal shock wave therapy and thermomagnetic therapy in the treatment of low back pain.

Objective: To compare the rehabilitation effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) and thermomagnetic therapy (TMT) in patients with low back pain (LBP).

Methods: As a single-centre retrospective observational study, clinical data of patients with LBP who received rehabilitation treatment in our hospital from January 2020 to May 2021 were retrospectively collected. Based on the treatment mode, the patients were retrospectively divided into two groups: the control group (patients received core muscle training + TMT, n=51) and the observation group (patients received core muscle training + ESWT, n=56).

[Interaction of Chinese and western medicines in treatment of cardiovascular diseases].

Cardiovascular diseases are a global public health problem, and the combination of Chinese and western medicine tends to be a major solution in China. However, the complex components in traditional Chinese medicine may interact with the therapeutic western medicines for the diseases, which will lead to the herb-drug interaction(HDI). The information on the interaction can serve as a reference for the rational combination of the Chinese and western medicines in the clinical treatment of cardiovascular diseases and help avoid the occurrence of clinical safety events.