Patients with non‑small cell lung cancer with the exon 21 L858R mutation: From distinct mechanisms to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatments (Review).

The most common oncogenic driver in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutations, which are more common in Asian (30-50%) than in Caucasian (10-15%) populations. Exon 19 deletion (ex19del) and exon 21 L858R (ex21 L858R) mutations account for ~45 and 40% of all EGFR mutations, respectively. Moreover, EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) may be more effective and improve the quality of life of patients with NSCLC more than chemotherapy regimens.

A cohort-based multi-omics identifies nuclear translocation of eIF5B /PD-L1/CD44 complex as the target to overcome Osimertinib resistance of ARID1A-deficient lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Osimertinib has emerged as a critical element in the treatment landscape following recent clinical trials. Further investigation into the mechanisms driving resistance to Osimertinib is necessary to address the restricted treatment options and survival advantages that are compromised by resistance in patients with EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Methods: Spatial transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were utilized to investigate the mechanisms of Osimertinib resistance.

Annual and Seasonal Variability of Trichloromethane in Drinking Water of Kunshan City 2016-2022 and Associated Health Risks.

This study aimed to evaluate the annual pollution characteristics of trichloromethane (TCM) in Kunshan City's tap water from 2016 to 2022. This research analyzed 566 tap water samples from centralized water supply units, utilizing the GB 5749-2006 Sanitary Standard for Drinking Water as the evaluation benchmark. Data analysis employed non-parametric tests and Spearman's correlation analysis using Excel 2017 and SPSS 26.

The characteristics of phthalate acid esters and bisphenol A in PM of a petrochemical city: Concentrations, compositions, and health risk assessment in Dongying.

Phthalate acid esters (PAEs) and bisphenol A (BPA) are recognized as common endocrine disruptors associated with various adverse effects on human health. However, limitations in existing systematic studies, particularly in air detection, have raised concerns about potential health risks from inhalation exposure. In this study, PM samples were collected in Dongying, a petrochemical city, from October 27 to December 6, 2021.

[Detection of Factors Affecting the Spatial Distribution of Ozone in Summer over China Based on Geodetector].

To study the factors affecting the spatial distribution of ozone concentration in different regions of China, based on the summer ozone monitoring data of 2019 and three influencing factors, namely, main meteorological, direct emission, and socio-economic factors, the influence degree of various factors on the spatial differentiation of ozone was quantified by using the Geodetector method and the comparison between regions was conducted. The results showed that the spatial differentiation of ozone concentration in summer 2019 was most affected by the main meteorological factors and the average degree of influence reached 0.277.

PacBio full-length transcriptome analysis reveals the role of tRNA-like structures in RNA processing.

Background: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) are distinct from nuclear DNA (nuDNA) in a eukaryotic cell. Animal mitochondria transcribe a single primary transcript that carries all genes from a DNA strand; In contrast, plant mitochondria and chloroplasts produce multiple primary transcripts, with each transcript carrying several genes. How primary transcripts of plant mtDNA and cpDNA are processed into mature RNAs is still unknown.

Efficacy and safety of RET-TKI in advanced RET-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer in China: a real-world retrospective chart review.

Background: Selective RET inhibitors have been approved by the Chinese government for the treatment of RET-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer. This study aimed to illustrate the efficacy and safety of selective RET inhibitors in a real-world clinical context in China.

Methods: Patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring RET rearrangement and receiving RET tyrosine kinase inhibitors (RET-TKI) in the real world were enrolled in this retrospective study.

Differentiation Between Responders and Non-Responders to Antibiotic Treatment in Mice Using F-Fluorodeoxysorbitol/PET.

Purpose: Bacterial infection causes significant mortality and morbidity worldwide despite the availability of antibiotics. Differentiation between responders and non-responders early on during antibiotic treatment will be informative to patients and healthcare providers. Our objective was to investigate whether PET imaging with F-Fluorodeoxysorbitol (F-FDS) or F-FDG can be used to differentiate responders from non-responders to antibiotic treatment.

Efficacy in patients with -positive non-small-cell lung cancer treated with dacomitinib who had skin adverse events: analyses from ARCHER 1050.

We investigated association between skin adverse events (AEs) and efficacy with dacomitinib in patients with -positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). analyses from ARCHER 1050 evaluated efficacy in patients who did and did not experience grade ≥2 skin AEs with dacomitinib. Landmark analyses were performed at 3 and 6 months.

Mechanism exploration and model construction for small cell transformation in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinomas.

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) transformation accounts for 3-14% of resistance in EGFR-TKI relapsed lung adenocarcinomas (LUADs), with unknown molecular mechanisms and optimal treatment strategies. We performed transcriptomic analyses (including bulk and spatial transcriptomics) and multiplex immunofluorescence on pre-treated samples from LUADs without transformation after EGFR-TKI treatment (LUAD-NT), primary SCLCs (SCLC-P) and LUADs with transformation after EGFR-TKI treatment (before transformation: LUAD-BT; after transformation: SCLC-AT). Our study found that LUAD-BT exhibited potential transcriptomic characteristics for transformation compared with LUAD-NT.

Preparation and Adsorption Photocatalytic Properties of PVA/TiO Colloidal Photonic Crystal Films.

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/TiO/colloidal photonic crystal (CPC) films with photocatalytic properties are presented, where TiO nanoparticles were introduced into the PVA gel network. Such PVA/TiO/CPC films possess three-dimensional periodic structures that are supported with a PVA/TiO composite gel. The unique structural color of CPCs can indicate the process of material preparation, adsorption, and desorption.

High throughput mRNA sequencing reveals potential therapeutic targets of Si-Ni-San in the pons for a stress-induced depression model.

Background: An accumulating body of research indicates that the pons is related to the occurrence of depression. Si-Ni-San (SNS) is a well-known Chinese herbal formula that is used to treat depression. Chinese herbal formulae have multiple therapeutic characteristics.

Role of NF-κB signaling pathway in HO-induced oxidative stress of hiPSCs.

The balance between oxidation and antioxidation is crucial for the development of embryo. It is harmful to the early embryonic development if embryonic stem cells (ESCs) encounter the serious oxidative stress in vivo. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are very similar to ESCs and are the important cell source to replace ESCs for research and therapy.

The role of sulfur cycle in new particle formation: Cycloaddition reaction of SO to HS.

The chemistry of sulfur cycle contributes significantly to the atmospheric nucleation process, which is the first step of new particle formation (NPF). In the present study, cycloaddition reaction mechanism of sulfur trioxide (SO) to hydrogen sulfide (HS) which is a typical air pollutant and toxic gas detrimental to the environment were comprehensively investigate through theoretical calculations and Atmospheric Cluster Dynamic Code simulations. Gas-phase stability and nucleation potential of the product thiosulfuric acid (HSO, TSA) were further analyzed to evaluate its atmospheric impact.

Neohesperidin alleviates the inhibitory effect of bisphenol A on the myogenic differentiation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells via the IGF1R/AKT1/RHOA signaling pathway.

Bisphenol A (BPA), a typical environmental endocrine disruptor, has raised concerns among researchers due to its toxicological effects. Whether neohesperidin (NEO) can intervene in the toxic effects of BPA remains unknown. This study aims to investigate the effects and mechanisms of NEO on the myogenic differentiation of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) exposed to BPA.

Efficacy of recombinant human epidermal growth factor plus sodium hyaluronate eye drops in diabetic dry eye post-cataract surgery.

Background: Dry eye syndrome (DES) after diabetic cataract surgery can seriously affect the patient's quality of life. Therefore, effective alleviation of symptoms in patients with this disease has important clinical significance.

Aim: To explore the clinical effect of recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) plus sodium hyaluronate (SH) eye drops on DES after cataract surgery in patients with diabetes.

Progression patterns, resistant mechanisms and subsequent therapy for ALK-positive NSCLC in the era of second-generation ALK-TKIs.

Background: In the era of second-generation ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK-TKIs), there was a paucity of data regarding the progression patterns, resistant mechanisms, and subsequent therapeutic approaches for ALK-positive (ALK) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Patients with advanced ALK NSCLC were retrospectively selected from our center. Cohort 1 consisted of patients who experienced disease progression after receiving first-line alectinib treatment (n = 20), while Cohort 2 included patients who progressed following sequential treatment with crizotinib and second-generation ALK-TKIs (n = 53).

The ideal model for determination the formation potential of priority DBPs during chlorination of free amino acids.

Amino acids (AAs) account for about 15-35% of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), and are known as the important precursors of nitrogenous disinfection by-products (N-DBPs). Determining the formation potential (FP) of AAs to DBPs is used to reveal the key precursors of DBPs for further control, while the ideal method for N-DBPs FP of AAs during chlorination is not revealed. In this study, the ideal FP test models for five classes of priority DBPs during chlorination of four representative AAs (accounted for about 35% of total AAs) were analyzed.

Perilipin1 inhibits proliferation by promoting and mediated JAK-STAT pathway activation in .

Lipid droplets (LDs) are dynamic organelles that participate in the regulation of lipid metabolism and cellular homeostasis inside of cells. LD-associated proteins, also known as perilipins (PLINs), are a family of proteins found on the surface of LDs that regulate lipid metabolism, immunity, and other functions. In silkworms, pébrine disease caused by infection by the microsporidian () is a severe threat to the sericultural industry.

Investigation into safflower injection as a prophylactic treatment for retinal vein occlusion in a rabbit model.

The study aimed to assess the effect and mechanism of safflower injection in preventing retinal vein thrombosis in rabbits. Twenty healthy adult pigmented rabbits were randomly assigned to either the experimental group, receiving safflower injection, or the control group, receiving normal saline. After two weeks of treatment, blood samples were collected to analyze platelet adhesion and aggregation rates.

Efficacy of third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors in advanced NSCLC with different T790M statuses tested via digital droplet polymerase chain reaction ddPCR and next-generation sequencing.

Objectives: We hypothesize that digital droplet polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) would optimize the treatment strategies in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) relapsed patients. In this study, we compared the efficacy of third-generation TKIs with various T790M statuses via ddPCR and next-generation sequencing (NGS).

Methods: NGS was performed on blood samples of patients progressed from previous EGFR-TKIs for resistance mechanism.

Effects of electroacupuncture on mitophagy mediated by SIRT3/PINK1/Parkin pathway in Parkinson's disease mice.

Objectives: To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Fengfu"(GV16), "Taichong"(LR3), and "Zusanli"(ST36) on mitophagy mediated by silencing regulatory protein 3 (SIRT3)/ PTEN induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)/PARK2 gene coding protein (Parkin) in the midbrain substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease (PD) mice, and to explore the potential mechanisms of EA in treating PD.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the control, model, EA, and sham EA groups, with 12 mice in each group. The PD mouse model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP).

Molybdenum inhibited the growth of Phytophthora nicotiana and improved the resistance of Nicotiana tabacum L. against tobacco black shank.

Tobacco black shank (TBS) is a soil-borne fungal disease caused by Phytophthora nicotiana (P. nicotianae), significantly impeding the production of high-quality tobacco. Molybdenum (Mo), a crucial trace element for both plants and animals, plays a vital role in promoting plant growth, enhancing photosynthesis, bolstering antioxidant capacity, and maintaining ultrastructural integrity.