Sensitive shrubland and unique urbanization patterns: the key to understanding emerging towns growth in arid regions.

The urbanization process is complex and lengthy, typically resulting in dual changes in the socioeconomic structure and ecological environment. However, in the context of arid environments and initial urbanization, emerging towns undergo evolutionary processes different from those of traditional cities. This study focuses on a typical town, analyzing its growth under the combined effects of arid conditions and incipient urbanization.

Electromembrane extraction of multi-class prohibited/restricted veterinary drugs from food samples - Exploring liquid membrane composition.

Effective monitoring of veterinary drug residues in food is essential for legislation compliance and food safety, yet remains challenging due to low concentrations and complex matrices. This study introduced a miniaturized 96-well electromembrane extraction (EME) technique for pre-concentration and isolation 80 prohibited/restricted veterinary drugs from honey samples. Three liquid membranes were developed and characterized: V1 ("V" for veterinary), a mixture of 2-undecanone and 0.

Glis1 inhibits RTEC cellular senescence and renal fibrosis by downregulating histone lactylation in DKD.

Background: Accelerated senescence of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTEC) is critical in the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). GLIS family zinc finger 1 (Glis1) alleviates age-related renal fibrosis in naturally aged mice. However, the role and associated mechanism of Glis1 in accelerated senescence of RTEC and the development of DKD remain unclear.

Refining soil nutrient assessment: Incorporating land use boundaries for precision agriculture.

Soil nutrient levels play a crucial role in determining crop yield. A comprehensive understanding of the spatial distribution patterns and evaluation grades of soil nutrients is of significant practical importance for informed fertilization practices, enhancing crop production, and optimizing agricultural land utilization. This study focuses on the urban area of Kashi Prefecture in Xinjiang as a case study.

Reducing heat exposure from personal cooling strategies to green city construction in China's tropical city.

With rapid industrialization and urbanization, the risk of summer heat exposure for urban dwellers has increased. The use of air conditioners (ACs) has become the most common personal cooling strategy, but further increasing fossil fuel consumption. As sustainable and affordable cooling strategies, urban parks can reduce heat exposure and substitute a part of air conditioners use.

RUNDC1 inhibits autolysosome formation and survival of zebrafish via clasping ATG14-STX17-SNAP29 complex.

Autophagy serves as a pro-survival mechanism for a cell or a whole organism to cope with nutrient stress. Our understanding of the molecular regulation of this fusion event remains incomplete. Here, we identified RUNDC1 as a novel ATG14-interacting protein, which is highly conserved across vertebrates, including zebrafish and humans.

Probing microstructural changes in muscles of leptin-deficient zebrafish by non-invasive ex-vivo magnetic resonance microimaging.

Leptin is a hormone that plays a key role in controlling food intake and energy homeostasis. Skeletal muscle is an important target for leptin and recent studies have shown that leptin deficiency may lead to muscular atrophy. However, leptin deficiency-induced structural changes in muscles are poorly understood.

Targeting Energy Protection as a Novel Strategy to Disclose Di'ao Xinxuekang against the Cardiotoxicity Caused by Doxorubicin.

Doxorubicin (DOX) can induce myocardial energy metabolism disorder and further worsen heart failure. "Energy protection" is proposed as a new cardiac protection strategy. Previous studies have found that Di'ao Xinxuekang (DXXK) can improve doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in mice by inhibiting ferroptosis.

Renal and Extra Renal Manifestations in Adult Zebrafish Model of Cystinosis.

Cystinosis is a rare, incurable, autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the gene. This gene encodes the lysosomal cystine transporter cystinosin, leading to lysosomal cystine accumulation in all cells of the body, with kidneys being the first affected organs. The current treatment with cysteamine decreases cystine accumulation, but does not reverse the proximal tubular dysfunction, glomerular injury or loss of renal function.

Metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling of adult mice and larval zebrafish leptin mutants reveal a common pattern of changes in metabolites and signaling pathways.

Background: Leptin plays a critical role in the regulation of metabolic homeostasis. However, the molecular mechanism and cross talks between leptin and metabolic pathways leading to metabolic homeostasis across different species are not clear. This study aims to explore the effects of leptin in mice and zebrafish larvae by integration of metabolomics and transcriptomics.

The Role of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma: A Competing Risk Analysis of the SEER Database.

Chemotherapy is the clinically recommended treatment for patients with operable metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC); however, its impact remains controversial. This study investigated the possible role of chemotherapy in the treatment of MBC. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to identify the operable MBC patients.

Leptin deficiency affects glucose homeostasis and results in adiposity in zebrafish.

Leptin is a hormone which functions in the regulation of energy homeostasis via suppression of appetite. In zebrafish, there are two paralogous genes encoding leptin, called lepa and lepb. In a gene expression study, we found that the lepb gene, not the lepa gene, was significantly downregulated under the state of insulin-resistance in zebrafish larvae, suggesting that the lepb plays a role in glucose homeostasis.

The role of chemotherapy in patients with T1bN0M0 triple-negative breast cancer: a real-world competing risk analysis.

The objective of the present study was to implement Kaplan-Meier analysis, competing risk analysis, and propensity score matching to evaluate whether the patients with T1bN0M0 triple-negative breast (TNBC) could benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. A total of 1849 patients were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2010 to 2015. All eligible patients were divided into two cohorts, the chemotherapy (1155 patients) and the no-chemotherapy (694 patients) cohorts.

Berberine alleviates palmitic acid‑induced podocyte apoptosis by reducing reactive oxygen species‑mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Lipid accumulation in podocytes can lead to the destruction of cellular morphology, in addition to cell dysfunction and apoptosis, which is a key factor in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Berberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from medicinal plants such as Coptis chinensis, which has been reported to have a lipid‑lowering effect and prevent CKD progression. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of BBR on palmitic acid (PA)‑induced podocyte apoptosis and its specific mechanism using an in vitro model.

Glomerular clusterin expression is increased in diabetic nephropathy and protects against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in podocytes.

Clusterin, a glycoprotein encoded by the CLU gene, is expressed in many tissues, including the kidney, and clusterin expression is upregulated in the glomeruli of patients with various forms of kidney disease. Here, we investigated the role of clusterin in diabetic nephropathy (DN). In this study, we found that glomerular clusterin expression was increased in both patients with DN and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice and that it co-localised with the podocyte marker WT1, indicating clusterin is expressed in podocytes.

Role of marital status on the prognosis in esophagus adenocarcinoma: a real-world competing risk analysis.

The purpose of this study was to assess the role of marital status in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). We identified 8341 EAC patients based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database during 2007-2015, of whom 7275 were male and 1066 were female. Temporal trends, competing risk analysis and propensity score matching were performed.

Effects of Marital Status on Prognosis in Women with Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast: A Real-World 1: 1 Propensity-Matched Study.

BACKGROUND The effects of marital status on infiltrating ductal carcinoma of breast cancer (IDC) have not been studied in detail. This study investigated the impact of marital status on IDC patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS SEER databases were searched from 2010 to 2015 for subjects who were married, divorced, single, and widowed.

Intracystic papillary carcinoma of the breast in males: Three case reports.

Rationale: Intracystic papillary breast carcinoma is extremely rare in males with a favorable prognosis. Clinical and mammographic manifestations of IPC are not specific, and no consensus has been reached on its management.

Patient Concerns: Three cases of IPC of the breast in male patients who underwent surgery are presented.

Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase attenuates renal tubular mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress by restoring autophagic flux in diabetic nephropathy.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and renal tubular cell dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of DN. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is an enzyme that can hydrolyze epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and other epoxy fatty acids (EpFAs) into the less biologically active metabolites. Inhibition of sEH has multiple beneficial effects on renal function, however, the exact role of sEH in hyperglycemia-induced dysfunction of tubular cells is still not fully elucidated.

PINK1/Parkin mediated mitophagy ameliorates palmitic acid-induced apoptosis through reducing mitochondrial ROS production in podocytes.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN), the primary cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), is often accompanied by dyslipidemia, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of DN and even the progression to ESRD. Mitophagy, the selective degradation of damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria by autophagy, is a crucial mitochondrial quality control mechanism, and largely regulated by PINK1 (PTEN-induced putative kinase 1)/Parkin signaling pathway. In the present study, we demonstrated that PA induced mitochondrial damage and excessive mitoROS generation in podocytes.

Carnosinase-1 overexpression, but not aerobic exercise training, affects the development of diabetic nephropathy in BTBR mice.

Manipulation of circulating histidine-containing dipeptides (HCD) has been shown to affect the development of diabetes and early-stage diabetic nephropathy (DN). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether such interventions, which potentially alter levels of circulating HCD, also affect the development of advanced-stage DN. Two interventions, aerobic exercise training and overexpression of the human carnosinase-1 (hCN1) enzyme, were tested.

MiR-218-XOR-ROS Pathway Regulates the Progression of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis.

Background: To investigate the role of the miR-218-xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) pathway in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and to explore the potential downstream mechanisms involving oxidative stress and energy metabolism.

Methods: The NASH animal model was established by feeding BALB/c mice with an MCD diet, while BRL-3A cells were cultured with a mixture of oleate and palmitate for 72 hours to mimic the steatosis and inflammation of NASH in vitro. The steatosis and inflammation levels were assessed by H-E/oil-red staining and serum/supernatant TG, ALT, and AST levels.

A six-microRNA signature can better predict overall survival of patients with esophagus adenocarcinoma.

Background: The microRNAs (miRNAs) have been validated as prognostic markers in many cancers. Here, we aimed at developing a miRNA-based signature for predicting the prognosis of esophagus adenocarcinoma (EAC).

Methods: The RNA-sequencing data set of EAC was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

Effects of Bucket Type and Angle on Downstream Nappe Wind Caused by a Turbulent Jet.

The downstream nappe wind caused by flood discharge has a great influence on the rainfall distribution, the operational safety of dams, and their surrounding ecological environments. A physical experiment was conducted to measure the spatial distribution of the downstream nappe wind and the splash for a continuous bucket (CB) and a tongue-shaped bucket (TB) for five bucket angles (40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, and 60°). The experimental results demonstrate that the trajectory width and height of the nappe increase as the angles increase, but the effect on the length is converse.