Heterologous functional expression of ascidian Nav1 channels and close relationship with the evolutionary ancestor of vertebrate Nav channels.

Voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav1s) are responsible for the initiation and propagation of action potentials in neurons, muscle, and endocrine cells. Many clinically used drugs such as local anesthetics and antiarrhythmics inhibit Nav1s, and a variety of inherited human disorders are caused by mutations in Nav1 genes. Nav1s consist of the main α subunit and several auxiliary β subunits.

Clinical Simulation Model of Fibrinogen Decline During Hemorrhage in Major Noncardiac Surgery.

Background: Monitoring of decrease in fibrinogen levels with surgical blood loss is crucial for timely transfusion of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) to avoid coagulopathic bleeding. Here, we validated a simulation model to predict hemorrhagic reductions in fibrinogen levels during major noncardiac surgery.

Methods: We retrospectively performed exponential regression analysis of intraoperative blood loss and fibrinogen levels to develop a simulation model in the initial 50 patients and applied the model to another 59 patients to compare the measured and simulated fibrinogen levels.

An α7-related nicotinic acetylcholine receptor mediates the ciliary arrest response in pharyngeal gill slits of .

Ciliary movement is a fundamental process to support animal life, and the movement pattern may be altered in response to external stimuli under the control of nervous systems. Juvenile and adult ascidians have ciliary arrays around their pharyngeal gill slits (stigmata), and continuous beating is interrupted for seconds by mechanical stimuli on other parts of the body. Although it has been suggested that neural transmission to evoke ciliary arrest is cholinergic, its molecular basis has not yet been elucidated in detail.

Effect of Furosemide under Hyperchloremic Acidosis on Intraoperative Oliguria and Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Normal Renal Function.

Background: Renal function tends to deteriorate in a hyperchloremic acidifying environment, which is reflected by a decrease in the difference between sodium and chloride.

Objectives: To examine the effect of furosemide administered under hyperchloremic acidosis on intraoperative oliguria and acute kidney injury in patients with preoperatively normal renal function.

Methods: In patients undergoing abdominal or orthopedic surgeries (April 2010-November 2018), we retrospectively identified patients who preoperatively had a normal renal function but experienced intraoperative oliguria under hyperchloremic acidosis (a sodium-chloride difference < 30 mEq/L) without dehydration.

Allergic Acute Coronary Artery Stent Thrombosis After the Administration of Sugammadex in a Patient Undergoing General Anesthesia: A Case Report.

In addition to cutaneous, gastrointestinal, hemodynamic, and respiratory symptoms, allergic reactions can induce an acute coronary syndrome in normal or atheromatous coronary arteries and can cause coronary stent thrombosis. Here, we report a case of coronary stent thrombosis due to allergic acute coronary syndrome during anaphylaxis induced by sugammadex in a female patient undergoing general anesthesia. She was emergently treated with percutaneous transluminal coronary balloon angioplasty with catecholamine, vasodilator, and intraaortic balloon support.

[Assessment of Fibrinogen Replacement Therapy by the Combined Simulation of the Fibrinogen Concentration and Fibrin Polymerization].

Background: Fibrinogen replacement therapy is effective for attaining perioperative hemostasis in critical bleeding due to acquired hypofibrinogenemia. By simulating the fibrinogen level and fibrin polymerization, we compared the effect of fibrinogen replacement therapy using cryoprecipitate or fibrinogen concentrate versus the effect of fresh frozen plasma.

Methods: We simulated the plasma concentration of fibrinogen during fibrinogen replacement therapy in a model of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and intensive care unit (ICU).

[Vocal cord paralysis associated with tracheal intubation: incidence, risk analysis, and classification of severity].

Vocal cord paralysis after tracheal intubation is rare. It causes severe hoarseness and aspiration, and delays recovery and discharge. Arytenoid cartilage dislocation and recurrent nerve paralysis are main causes of vocal cord paralysis.

[Fetal anesthesia in cesarean section for patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia].

We experienced two cases of anesthesia for cesarean section in patients with prenatally diagnosed congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Fentanyl/midazolam anesthesia was selected for fetal sedation at birth. The blood samples were obtained from the maternal vein, umbilical vein and umbilical artery for measuring blood drug concentrations during anesthesia.