Comprehensive investigation on the dynamic changes of volatile organic compounds in three peach cultivars during fruit development.

To deepen the understanding of peach aroma, we investigated the changes of volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles during fruit development in three fresh peach cultivars: 'Jiucui (JC)', 'Zhongyoupan No. 9 (ZYP9)' and 'Zhongyou No. 8 (ZY8)'.

Optimization of extraction and enrichment process of cannabidiol from industrial hemp and evaluation of its bioactivity.

Introduction: The L., a perennial dioecious herb renowned for its industrial applications, serves as the source of hemp. Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychotropic compound derived from industrial hemp, has garnered considerable interest due to its promising therapeutic potential.

Bioactivity-guided isolation of potential antidiarrheal constituents from L. and molecular docking evaluation.

Background: L., a member of the Euphorbiaceae family, is extensively used as a folk medicine across various regions. In China, its decoction is traditionally consumed to alleviate diarrhea.

Modeling and Optimization of Ellagic Acid from Chebulae Fructus Using Response Surface Methodology Coupled with Artificial Neural Network.

The dried ripe fruit of Retz. is a common Chinese materia medica, and ellagic acid (EA), isolated from the plant, is an important bioactive component for medicinal purposes. This study aimed to delineate the optimal extraction parameters for extracting the EA content from Chebulae Fructus (CF), focusing on the variables of ethanol concentration, extraction temperature, liquid-solid ratio, and extraction time.

Discovery of candidate genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis and signal transduction pathways related to peach bud cold resistance.

Low temperature pose significant challenges to peach cultivation, causing severe damage to peach buds and restricting production and distribution. Ethylene, an important phytohormone, plays a critical role in enhancing plant cold resistance. Structural genes and transcription factors involved in ethylene biosynthesis and signal transduction pathways are associated with cold resistance.

Topping and NPK fertilization alter seed germination, plant growth and active components of .

Introduction: , a tall herbaceous plant, has been traditionally utilized as a herbal remedy both in China and Russia.

Methods: This study was set to explore how to cultivate high quality seedlings, considering factors such as seedling time, seeding density, shading, and plastic film mulching. In addition, we investigated the impact of topping and fertilizer on the growth and quality of .

Optimization of Extraction Conditions for Water-Soluble Polysaccharides from the Roots of (Thunb.) Fisch. and Its Effects on Glucose Consumption on HepG2 Cells.

The root of (Thunb.) Fisch. is a common Chinese materia medica and the polysaccharides which have been isolated from the plant are important active components for medicinal purposes.

Ester-related volatile compounds reveal the diversity and commonalities of different types of late-ripening peaches.

To recognize the key ester-related volatile compounds, 5 types of peaches including 54 late-ripening peach materials were examined by headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and E-nose. Here, a large number of esters were identified to be released by ripe peach fruits and were mainly characterized by fruity, green, and fatty notes. The variety and content of esters had greatly changed within or between cultivars, indicating that the fruit volatiles were highly differentiated depending on the specific genotypes and cultivation conditions.

MdNup62 involved in salt and osmotic stress tolerance in apple.

Abiotic stress of plants has serious consequences on the development of the apple industry. Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) control nucleoplasmic transport and play an important role in the regulation of plant abiotic stress response. However, the effects of NPCs on apple salt and osmotic stress responses have not been reported yet.

Identification and Analysis of Long Non-Coding RNAs Related to UV-B-Induced Anthocyanin Biosynthesis During Blood-Fleshed Peach () Ripening.

Blood flesh is a key fruit trait in peaches () and can be attributed to the accumulation of anthocyanins. The roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been highlighted by multiple studies in regulating fruit ripening, anthocyanin accumulation, and abiotic stress responses in many flowering plants. Such regulatory functions of lncRNAs in Prunus persica, nonetheless, have not been reported.

MdNup54 Interactions With MdHSP70 Involved in Flowering in Apple.

Flowering-related problems in "Fuji" apple have severely restricted the development of China's apple industry. Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) control nucleoplasmic transport and play an important role in the regulation of plant growth and development. However, the effects of NPCs on apple flowering have not been reported.

Study of Saponin Components after Biotransformation of by Endophytic Fungi C39.

This study conducted the solid fermentation process of using endophytic fungi C39 to determine the changes in the diosgenin concentration. The results revealed that endophytic fungi C39 could effectively biotransform the saponin components in . Moreover, the maximum increase in the diosgenin concentration reached 62.

Analysis of the mechanism of saponin biotransformation in Dioscoreae nipponicae rhizoma by the endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. C39 using whole-genome sequencing.

Fusarium sp. C39 is an endophytic fungus of Dioscorea nipponica Makino. Symbiosis of Fusarium sp.

Advances in steroidal saponins biosynthesis.

This work reviews recent advances in the pathways and key enzymes of steroidal saponins biosynthesis and sets the foundation for the biotechnological production of these useful compounds through transformation of microorganisms. Steroidal saponins, due to their specific chemical structures and active effects, have long been important natural products and that are irreplaceable in hormone production and other pharmaceutical industries. This article comprehensively reviewed the previous and current research progress and summarized the biosynthesis pathways and key biosynthetic enzymes of steroidal saponins that have been discovered in plants and microoganisms.

Immunoregulatory mechanism studies of ginseng leaves on lung cancer based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.

Panax ginseng is one of the oldest and most generally prescribed herbs in Eastern traditional medicine to treat diseases. Several studies had documented that ginseng leaves have anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties similar to those of ginseng root. The aim of this research was to forecast of the molecular mechanism of ginseng leaves on lung cancer by molecular docking and network pharmacology so as to decipher ginseng leaves' entire mechanism.

Psychological resilience, self-acceptance, perceived social support and their associations with mental health of incarcerated offenders in China.

Objectives: We aimed to analyze the mental health status of incarcerated offenders in the detention centers and related factors; and introduce psychological resilience, self-acceptance and perceived social support for further analyses, to explore the relationships between them and mental health in these special populations.

Methods: Incarcerated offenders in two detention centers of Guangdong province were recruited. General demographic questionnaire, Self-acceptance Questionnaire (SAQ), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-20) were addressed to the participants for investigation.

A mutation near the active site of S-RNase causes self-compatibility in S-RNase-based self-incompatible plants.

The structurally simplest amino acid glycine could make contribution to nuclease activity of S-RNase and self-incompatibility in S-RNase-based plants. S-RNase is regarded as inhibitor of self-pollen tube in S-RNase-based self-incompatibility plants. Certain residues like histidine are necessary for RNase activity and self-incompatibility; however, it is unknown whether any other residues contribute to this.

Qualitative Classification of Shear Wave Elastography for Differential Diagnosis Between Benign and Metastatic Axillary Lymph Nodes in Breast Cancer.

To examine diagnostic performance of qualitative shear wave elastography (SWE) for evaluation of status of axillary lymph nodes (ALN) in comparison with conventional ultrasonograghy (US) and quantitative SWE parameters. A total of 118 patients were enrolled, who were all scheduled for breast cancer surgery and core needle biopsy. Conventional US and SWE were performed before biopsy.

Screening for differentially expressed genes in endophytic fungus strain 39 during co-culture with herbal extract of its host Dioscorea nipponica Makino.

Strain 39 is an endophytic fungus which was isolated from Dioscorea nipponica Makino (DNM). After Strain 39 co-cultured with ethanol extract of DNM rhizomes for several days, the content of saponins in this culture mixture would be obviously increased. To analyze the mechanism of this microbial transformation, we used the differential display reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (DDRT-PCR) method to compare the transcriptomes between Strain 39 cultured in normal PD medium and in PD medium which added ethanol extract of DNM rhizomes.

A caryophyllane-type sesquiterpene, caryophyllenol A from Valeriana amurensis.

A new caryophyllane derivative, caryophyllenol A, and a new germacrane derivative, isovolvalerenal D, together with 11 known sesquiterpenoids, were isolated from a petroleum ether partition of the roots and rhizomes of Valeriana amurensis. Structure elucidation of caryophyllenol A and isovolvalerenal D was accomplished on the basis of various spectroscopic techniques including HRESIMS and 2D NMR analyses. The structure of caryophyllenol A was further confirmed by X-ray crystallography and using quantum-chemical ECD calculation adopting TDDFT method.

Genetic features of the spontaneous self-compatible mutant, 'Jin Zhui' (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.).

'Jin Zhui' is a spontaneous self-compatible mutant of 'Ya Li' (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd. S21S34 ), the latter displaying a typical S-RNase-based gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI). The pollen-part mutation (PPM) of 'Jin Zhui' might be due to a natural mutation in the pollen-S gene (S34 haplotype).

Identification of a canonical SCF(SLF) complex involved in S-RNase-based self-incompatibility of Pyrus (Rosaceae).

S-RNase-based self-incompatibility (SI) is an intraspecific reproductive barrier to prevent self-fertilization found in many species of the Solanaceae, Plantaginaceae and Rosaceae. In this system, S-RNase and SLF/SFB (S-locus F-box) genes have been shown to control the pistil and pollen SI specificity, respectively. Recent studies have shown that the SLF functions as a substrate receptor of a SCF (Skp1/Cullin1/F-box)-type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex to target S-RNases in Solanaceae and Plantaginaceae, but its role in Rosaceae remains largely undefined.

[Pharmacological effects of volatile oil of Valeriana amurensis on CNS].

Objective: To study the pharmacological effects of volatile oil of Valeriana amurensis on central nervous system.

Methods: The pharmacological effects of volatile oil of Valeriana amurensis on the autonomic activities of mice, the sleeping synergistic action of mice with pentoharbital sodium at subthreshold and hypnotic dosages, the sleep phases of rats, the writhing response of mice caused by acetic acid and the convulsion of mice induced by thio-semicarbazide were investigated.

Results: The autonomic activities of mice were significantly inhibited by the volatile oil of Valeriana amurensis.