Mitigation of MIMO equalizer-enhanced noise in long-haul coupled-core multicore fiber transmissions by an advanced spectral shaping filter.

Commonly used linear equalizers in optical transmissions may induce in-band noise enhancement in the high-frequency region, degrading signaling performance. In this Letter, we propose for the first, to our knowledge, time, to mitigate the multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) equalizer-enhanced noise (EEN) in coupled-core multicore fiber (CC-MCF) systems by utilizing the spectral shaping (SS) filter and maximum likelihood sequence detection (MLSD), which have shown effective EEN mitigation in SMF systems. However, CC-MCF systems feature multiple spatial channels, each requiring separate coefficient optimization for SS filters corresponding to each output of MIMO.

Prophylactic abdominal drainage versus no-drainage after left pancreatectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: An increasing body of studies indicates that prophylactic abdominal drainage may not be necessary following left pancreatectomy (LP), despite its common use in clinical practice. This meta-analysis seeks to offer a definitive recommendation regarding the necessity of drainage after LP by examining and contrasting postoperative outcomes in patients who did and did not undergo drainage.

Methods: An extensive literature search was conducted to compare the outcomes of no-drainage and drainage after LP from inception to July 2024 on PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library.

Development and validation of a novel pancreaticojejunostomy strategy based on the anatomical location of the main pancreatic duct that can reduce the risk of postoperative pancreatic fistula after pancreatoduodenectomy.

Background: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is a common complication after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). The effect of the location of the main pancreatic duct on POPF development is not completely elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the association between the location of the main pancreatic duct and POPF, and the effect of pancreaticojejunostomy based on the location of the main pancreatic duct on the risk of POPF.

All-fiber miniature non-contact photoacoustic probe based on photoacoustic remote sensing microscopy for vascular imaging in vivo.

Photoacoustic (PA) remote sensing (PARS) microscopy represents a significant advancement by eliminating the need for traditional acoustic coupling media in PA microscopy (PAM), thereby broadening its potential applications. However, current PARS microscopy setups predominantly rely on free-space optical components, which can be cumbersome to implement and limit the scope of imaging applications. In this study, we develop an all-fiber miniature non-contact PA probe based on PARS microscopy, utilizing a 532-nm excitation wavelength, and showcase its effectiveness in in vivo vascular imaging.

Effect of prehabilitation exercises on postoperative frailty in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery.

Background: To improve perioperative frailty status in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery (LCCS), we explored a new intensive prehabilitation program that combines prehabilitation exercises with standard enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) and explored its impact.

Methods: We conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial. Between April 2021 to August 2021, patients undergoing elective LCCS were randomized into the standardized ERAS (S-ERAS) group or ERAS based on prehabilitation (group PR-ERAS).

Association between sleep traits and risk of colorectal cancer: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Sleep traits have been linked to diseases; particularly, their impact on cancer has received increasing attention. This study aimed to investigate whether sleep traits have a causal relationship with colorectal cancer (CRC) using two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR).

Methods: Genetic instrumental variables (IVs) for seven sleep traits (sleep duration, ease of getting up in the morning, morning chronotype, daytime napping, insomnia symptoms, snoring, and daytime dozing) were selected from pooled data from published genome-wide association studies (GSWSs).

Laparoscopic gastrectomy versus open gastrectomy for gastric cancer in patients among octogenarians: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: Currently, there is no consensus regarding whether super-elderly (aged > 80 years) patients are suitable candidates for laparoscopic surgery. This study aimed to analyse the short-term outcomes and oncological prognosis of laparoscopic gastrectomy in super-elderly patients with gastric cancer (GC).

Methods: Following PRISMA and AMSTAR-2 guidelines, we searched the Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Pubmed databases from inception until May 2024 and performed a meta-analysis.

Development and validation of a nomogram for preoperatively predicting permanent stoma after rectal cancer surgery with ileostomy: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: For patients with rectal cancer, the utilization of temporary ileostomy (TI) has proven effective in minimizing the occurrence of severe complications post-surgery, such as anastomotic leaks; however, some patients are unable to reverse in time or even develop a permanent stoma (PS). We aimed to determine the preoperative predictors associated with TS failure and develop and validate appropriate predictive models to improve patients' quality of life.

Methods: This research included 403 patients with rectal cancer who underwent temporary ileostomies between January 2017 and December 2021.

Serplulimab combined with gemcitabine, nab-paclitaxel and stereotactic body radiotherapy as the first-line treatment for patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma in China: a multicentre, single-arm, phase II trial (ICSBR) protocol.

Introduction: Patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remain a poor prognosis despite the development of chemotherapy. Although programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) blockade has shown great efficacy in various solid tumours, its application in treating PDAC is limited. Recent studies have indicated that chemotherapy or stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) may improve the antitumour effect of PD-1 blockade in patients with PDAC.

Optimizing skim milk yogurt properties: Combined impact of transglutaminase and protein-glutaminase.

The lack of fat in yogurt can lead to alterations in taste and whey separation, reducing consumer acceptance. In this study, the feasibility of enhancing the quality of skim milk yogurt through a combination of transglutaminase (TG) and protein-glutaminase (PG) was investigated. The combination of TG and PG resulted in simultaneous cross-linking and deamidation of CN micelles, with PG deamidation taking priority over TG cross-linking, leading to higher solubility and lower turbidity of milk proteins compared with TG alone.

Bio-Skin-Inspired Flexible Pressure Sensor Based on Carbonized Cotton Fabric for Human Activity Monitoring.

With the development of technology, people's demand for pressure sensors with high sensitivity and a wide working range is increasing. An effective way to achieve this goal is simulating human skin. Herein, we propose a facile, low-cost, and reproducible method for preparing a skin-like multi-layer flexible pressure sensor (MFPS) device with high sensitivity (5.

Safety and effectiveness of minimally invasive central pancreatectomy versus open central pancreatectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Central pancreatectomy is a surgical procedure for benign and low-grade malignant tumors which located in the neck and proximal body of the pancreas that facilitates the preservation of pancreatic endocrine and exocrine functions but has a high morbidity rate, especially postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness between minimally invasive central pancreatectomy (MICP) and open central pancreatectomy (OCP) basing on perioperative outcomes.

Methods: An extensive literature search to compare MICP and OCP was conducted from October 2003 to October 2023 on PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library.

Ballistic analysis of high-performance armor steel by numerical simulation.

In order to establish a connection between the ballistic performance and mechanical properties of armor steel, a ballistic simulation model was developed and subsequently validated for accuracy and reliability. The mechanical properties of the target plate were described using the Johnson-Cook constitutive relation. An analysis was conducted to investigate the impact of the J-C parameters of the target plate on its ballistic performance, revealing a strong linear relationship between them.

A wafer scale thin film of ultra-small ScO nanocrystals on a 2D COF with high rigidity.

Scandium oxide (ScO) has a wide range of applications in metallurgy, chemical industry, electronics and many other high-tech fields. However, most ScO materials exist in the powder or bulk form, while nanostructured ScO has rarely been reported as there is a lack of a common method to control its dimensionality, hindering the understanding of new properties and potential applications of nano-ScO materials. In this paper, we establish a procedure to synthesize a two-dimensional (2D) ScO-covalent organic framework (COF) composite film where the crystal size of ScO domains is as small as ∼3 nm.

Preoperative risk factors and cumulative incidence of temporary ileostomy non-closure after sphincter-preserving surgery for rectal cancer: a meta-analysis.

Background: Temporary ileostomy (TI) has proven effective in reducing the severity of anastomotic leakage after rectal cancer surgery; however, some ileostomies fail to reverse over time, leading to conversion into a permanent stoma (PS). In this study, we aimed to investigate the preoperative risk factors and cumulative incidence of TI non-closure after sphincter-preserving surgery for rectal cancer.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis after searching the Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, and MEDLINE databases from their inception until November 2023.

Clinical Outcomes of Ileostomy Closure during versus after Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Rectal Cancer.

Background: Protective ileostomy can effectively prevent severe anastomotic leakage after rectal cancer surgery; however, the optimal timing for ileostomy closure during adjuvant chemotherapy remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the safety and long-term outcomes of early ileostomy closure during adjuvant chemotherapy.

Method: Patients who underwent laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery combined with protective ileostomy and adjuvant chemotherapy between April 2017 and April 2021 were retrospectively evaluated.

Insight into the intrinsic activity of various transition metal sulfides for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction.

The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is an efficient approach to convert sustainable energy sources into clean energy carriers, H. Although various transition metal sulfides (TMSs) have been reported as promising alternatives to precious metal-based catalysts, the top catalyst among TMSs remains unclear as there is a dearth of high-quality studies that provide a 'fair' comparison of the performance of these TMSs synthesized and tested under the same conditions. In this work, layered transition metal sulfides (MS: MoS, WS, VS) and non-layered transition metal sulfides (MS: FeS, CoS, NiS) were obtained by a straightforward hydrothermal method, and thus a comprehensive platform was established for the comparison of the intrinsic activity of these materials in the HER.

Effectiveness and safety of self-pulling and latter transection reconstruction in totally laparoscopic right hemicolectomy.

Background: Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy is a standard treatment modality for right colon cancer. However, performing intracorporeal anastomosis (IA) for totally laparoscopic right hemicolectomy (TLRH) remains a challenge for some surgeons. To simplify IA in TLRH we used self-pulling and latter transection (SPLT) reconstruction in TLRH, and compared this procedure with overlap IA and laparoscopy-assisted right hemicolectomy (LARH) in order to evaluate its safety and effectiveness.

Rapid, synthesis of ultra-small silicon particles for boosted lithium storage capability through ultrafast Joule heating.

High-capacity anodes, especially silicon, suffer from huge volume fluctuations and electrode material pulverization during lithiation/delithiation. An accessible solution to this issue is to construct nano-silicon anodes with optimized particle size and a conductive matrix. In this work, we introduce a novel strategy for the , rapid synthesis of ultra-small silicon nanoparticles uniformly embedded within carbonized nanosheets (us-Si/C) through swift high-temperature thermal radiative heating of sizable silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs).

Pedicled ligament flaps during pancreatoduodenectomy are associated with reduced hemorrhage from hepatic artery and gastroduodenal artery stump during pancreatoduodenectomy: a systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether pedicled ligament flaps (PLF) covering around the hepatic and gastroduodenal artery stump can provide better clinical outcomes in pancreatoduodenectomy (PD).

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of databases (inception to January 2023) to identify studies comparing PD with or without PLF covering the skeletonized arteries. The perioperative and postoperative outcomes were compared.

Demonstration of an 800G CDM-SDM coherent PON utilizing weakly coupled multicore fibers with CDM tributary manipulation.

In this Letter, we present an experimental demonstration of downstream signaling in a 16 × 50 Gbit/s coherent passive optical network (CPON) using the code and space division multiplexing (CDM-SDM) approach. We realize optical SDM through the utilization of a 4-core weakly coupled multicore fiber (WC-MCF), enhancing the total available optical launch power at the optical line terminal (OLT). This enhancement significantly improves the power budget for CPONs that connect with a large number of optical network units (ONUs).

Reinforced stapling does not reduce postoperative pancreatic fistula in distal pancreatectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is a severe complication after distal pancreatectomy (DP); however, it is unclear how to effectively reduce the incidence. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to determine whether reinforced stapling reduces POPF after DP. From February 2007 to April 2023, a comprehensive search of electronic data and references was conducted in PubMed/Medline, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.