Machine Learning for Human Motion Intention Detection.

The gait pattern of exoskeleton control conflicting with the human operator's (the pilot) intention may cause awkward maneuvering or even injury. Therefore, it has been the focus of many studies to help decide the proper gait operation. However, the timing for the recognization plays a crucial role in the operation.

Validation of the Pediatric Narcolepsy Screening Questionnaire (PNSQ): A cross-sectional, observational study.

Objective/background: This study evaluated psychometric properties of the Pediatric Narcolepsy Screening Questionnaire (PNSQ), developed in response to the difficulty of identifying pediatric narcolepsy.

Patients/methods: The initial PNSQ was updated following debriefing interviews with parents of children with suspected/diagnosed narcolepsy. Subsequently, newly recruited caregivers were categorized into groups: clinician-confirmed narcolepsy, other sleep problems (OSP), and no sleep problems (controls).

Correlation between corneal dynamic responses and keratoconus topographic parameters.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between corneal biomechanical properties and topographic parameters using machine learning networks for automatic severity diagnosis and reference benchmark construction.

Methods: This was a retrospective study involving 31 eyes from 31 patients with keratonus. Two clustering approaches were used (i.

Clinical effectiveness outcomes and healthcare resource utilization of patients diagnosed with small-cell lung cancer.

Real-world data are lacking on patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) with extensive-stage SCLC (eSCLC) and poor performance status (PS). Eligible patients diagnosed with eSCLC between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2017 were included in this retrospective, observational study. The study included 406 patients, with 14.

Treatment patterns and clinical outcomes of palbociclib-based therapy received in US community oncology practices.

Limited studies have evaluated palbociclib-based therapy use in patients with advanced/metastatic breast cancer in the real world. This retrospective study used medical records from US community oncology practices to address the gap. Eligible patients receiving palbociclib-based therapy per label indication from 3 February 2015 to 31 December 2017 were included.

Cost per response analysis of strategies for chronic immune thrombocytopenia.

Objectives: This analysis estimated the cost per response and the incremental cost per additional responder of romplostim, eltrombopag, and the "watch-and-rescue" (monitoring until rescue therapies are required) strategy in adults with chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).

Study Design: The decision tree is designed to estimate the total cost per response for romiplostim, eltrombopag, and watch and rescue over a 24-week time horizon; cost-effectiveness was evaluated in terms of incremental cost per additional responder.

Methods: Model inputs including response rates, bleeding-related episode (BRE) rates, and costs were estimated from registrational trial data, an independent Bayesian indirect comparison, database analyses, and peer-reviewed publications.

Real-world utilization of darbepoetin alfa in cancer chemotherapy patients.

Objectives: To provide an understanding of darbepoetin alfa dose patterns in cancer patients undergoing myelosuppressive chemotherapy starting from 2011.

Study Design: This is a retrospective cohort study using a proprietary outpatient oncology database.

Methods: Metastatic, solid tumor cancer patients receiving concomitant myelosuppressive chemotherapy and darbepoetin alfa with an associated hemoglobin <10 g/dL during 2011-2015 were identified.

Cost of Bleeding-related Episodes in Adult Patients With Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia: A Population-based Retrospective Cohort Study of Administrative Claims Data for Commercial Payers in the United States.

Purpose: We estimated the real-world costs of bleeding-related episodes (BREs) in adults with primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used the MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters and Medicare Supplemental and Coordination of Benefits databases. We identified adult patients diagnosed with primary ITP between 2007 and 2012, defined by at least 2 outpatient claims separated by ≥30 days or 1 inpatient claim (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis code for primary ITP [287.

Using multiple sources of data for surveillance of postoperative venous thromboembolism among surgical patients treated in Department of Veterans Affairs hospitals, 2005-2010.

Background: There are limitations to using administrative data to identify postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE). We used a novel approach to quantify postoperative VTE events among Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) surgical patients during 2005-2010.

Methods: We used VA administrative data to exclude patients with VTE during 12 months prior to surgery.

Application of electronic medical record data for health outcomes research: a review of recent literature.

Electronic medical records (EMRs) have become a common source of data for outcomes research. This review discusses trends in EMR data use for outcomes research as well as strengths and limitations, and likely future developments to help optimize value and use of EMR data for outcomes research. EMR-based studies reporting treatment outcomes published between 2007 and 2012 were predominantly from the USA and Europe.

Wnt signaling regulates postembryonic hypothalamic progenitor differentiation.

Previous studies have raised the possibility that Wnt signaling may regulate both neural progenitor maintenance and neuronal differentiation within a single population. Here we investigate the role of Wnt/β-catenin activity in the zebrafish hypothalamus and find that the pathway is first required for the proliferation of unspecified hypothalamic progenitors in the embryo. At later stages, including adulthood, sequential activation and inhibition of Wnt activity is required for the differentiation of neural progenitors and negatively regulates radial glia differentiation.

Progenitor expansion in apc mutants is mediated by Jak/Stat signaling.

Background: Mutations in APC, a negative regulator of the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway, can cause cancer as well as profound developmental defects. In both cases, affected cells adopt a proliferative progenitor state and fail to differentiate. While the upregulation of some target genes of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling has been shown to mediate these phenotypes in individual tissues, it is unclear whether a common mechanism underlies the defects in APC mutants.

PDZ protein mediated activity-dependent LTP/LTD developmental switch at rat retinocollicular synapses.

The insertion of amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptors into the plasma membrane and removal via internalization are essential for regulating synaptic strength, which underlies the basic mechanism of learning and memory. The retinocollicular pathway undergoes synaptic refinement during development and shows a wide variety of long-term synaptic changes; however, still little is known about its underlying molecular regulation. Here we report a rapid developmental long-term potentiation (LTP)/long-term depression (LTD) switch and its intracellular mechanism at the rat retinocollicular pathway from postnatal day 5 (P5) to P14.

Identification of proteins binding to E-Box/Ku86 sites and function of the tumor suppressor SAFB1 in transcriptional regulation of the human xanthine oxidoreductase gene.

The xanthine oxidoreductase gene (XOR) encodes an important source of reactive oxygen species and uric acid, and its expression is associated with various human diseases including several forms of cancer. We previously reported that basal human XOR (hXOR) expression is restricted or repressed by E-box and TATA-like elements and a cluster of transcriptional proteins, including AREB6-like proteins and DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK). We now demonstrate that the cluster contains the tumor suppressors SAFB1, BRG1, and SAF-A.

NSSR1 promotes neuronal differentiation of mouse embryonic carcinoma P19 cells.

We generated the small interference RNAs to specifically silence the expression of neural salient serine/arginine rich protein 1 (NSSR1) and showed that the inhibition of NSSR1 expression in mouse embryonic carcinoma cells (P19) reduces neuronal differentiation. By contrast, its over-expression promotes the differentiation. Neither inhibition nor over-expression shows distinct effect on cell proliferation.

Neural expression and regulation of NSSR1 proteins.

Neural salient serine-/arginine-rich protein 1 (NSSR1) is a newly identified SR protein that regulates pre-mRNA splicing. In the present study, we demonstrated the neural specialization of NSSR1 protein expression in humans and mice. Strong immunoreactive signals to NSSR1 were observed in mouse cerebral neurons, cerebellar Purkinje cells, pyramidal neurons in CA1, CA2 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus and granule cells in the dentate gyrus.

Upregulation of Ku expression in human neuroectodermal tumor cells after retroviral DNA integration.

Objective: To examine the expression of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK); including DNA-PKcs, Ku70 and Ku80 in human neuroectodermal tumor cells with or without retroviral DNA integration.

Methods: RT-PCR assay was used to examine the transcript of DNA-PK. Western blot and immunocytochemistry assays were used to examine the protein level of DNA-PK.