The Incidence and Its Associated Factors Relevant to Brain Radionecrosis That Requires Intervention Following Single or Fractionated Stereotactic Radiosurgery Using Vero4DRT for Brain Metastases.

Purpose: Several factors, including the surrounding brain volume receiving specific doses, have hitherto been reported to correlate with brain radionecrosis (BR) after single or fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (sSRS or fSRS) for brain metastases (BMs); however, those, especially for fSRS, have not yet been fully elucidated. Furthermore, the clinical outcome data of patients with BM treated with SRS using Vero4DRT are extremely limited. Therefore, this study aimed to demonstrate the incidence of BR requiring intervention (BRRI) and its highly correlated factors.

The clinical utility of serum free light chain and heavy/light chain assays in monitoring disease activity in patients with IgG myeloma after achieving a deep response.

Heavy/light chain (HLC) assay will enable us to evaluate the changes in the concentrations of iHLC and uHLC separately and to better identify whether the change observed is clonal or reactive. It would therefore aid in decision making for earlier implementation or discontinuation of treatment for patients with intact immunoglobulin multiple myeloma (MM).

Critical evaluation of a prospective study of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with S-1 for early glottic carcinoma.

Aim: To improve the outcomes of radiotherapy alone for T2 glottic carcinoma (GC), we initiated a prospective study of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with S-1 for patients with early GC, primarily T2 cases. We report the efficacy and safety of this protocol.

Patients And Methods: Eligible patients had T1b or T2 glottic squamous cell carcinomas.

Durable hematological response and improvement of nephrotic syndrome on thalidomide therapy in a patient with refractory light chain deposition disease.

Light chain deposition disease (LCDD) is a rare disease for which an optimal treatment is not yet available. Here, we report the clinical course of a 32-year-old woman with LCDD who was successfully treated with thalidomide. She presented with nephrotic syndrome.

Chiral Brønsted acid catalyzed asymmetric Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction of indoles with α,β-unsaturated ketones: short access to optically active 2- and 3-substituted indole derivatives.

The asymmetric Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction of indoles with α,β-unsaturated ketones catalyzed by chiral phosphoric acid is reported. A wide range of indoles and 4,7-dihydroindoles were allowed to react with α,β-unsaturated ketones to give the corresponding 1,4-adducts in good to high chemical yields and with excellent enantioselectivities.

Radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy for patients with T1-T2 glottic carcinoma: retrospective analysis.

Background: To assess the results for local control (LC) and survival in patients with early-stage glottic cancer (GC) who were treated by radiotherapy (RT) with or without chemotherapy.

Methods: Fifty-eight patients with T1-T2 squamous cell carcinoma of the glottis who were treated between 2001 and 2006 were analyzed retrospectively. Potential prognostic factors for LC were evaluated by univariate analysis.

[Clinical usefulness of serum free light chain measurement in monoclonal gammopathy].

Recently, a highly sensitive assay (FREELITE) capable of measuring serum immunoglobulin-free light chains (FLC) was developed. An abnormal kappa/lambda ratio supports the presence of clonal plasma cell expansion. Using this assay, we measured serum and urine samples of 178 healthy volunteers, 184 patients with polyclonal gamma-globulinemia and 150 patients with monoclonal gamma-globulinemia.

Enantioselective allylation, crotylation, and reverse prenylation of substituted isatins: iridium-catalyzed C-C bond-forming transfer hydrogenation.

Transfer hydrogenation of substituted isatins in the presence of allyl acetate, α-methyl allyl acetate or 1,1,-dimethylallene employing an -cyclometallated iridium catalyst modified by CTH-()-P-PHOS provides products of carbonyl allylation, crotylation and reverse prenylation, respectively, in highly enantiomerically enriched form. These studies represent the first use of activated ketones as electrophilic partners in asymmetric C-C bond forming transfer hydrogenation. [Image: see text]

Chiral Brønsted acid catalyzed enantioselective Mannich-type reaction.

Mannich-type reaction of ketene silyl acetals with aldimines proceeded catalytically by means of a phosphoric acid diester, derived from (R)-BINOL, as a chiral Brønsted acid to afford beta-amino esters with good diastereoselectivity in favor of the syn isomer and high enantioselectivity (up to 96% ee). The highest enantioselectivity was achieved by the phosphoric acid diester bearing 4-nitrophenyl groups on the 3,3'-positions of BINOL. The N-2-hydroxyphenyl group of aldimine was found to be essential for the present Mannich-type reaction.

[Evaluation of the clinical relevance of serum measurements of free-light chains in patients with multiple myeloma].

Measurement of serum free-light chains (FLCs) was performed using a recently developed immunoassay in 180 healthy individuals, 16 patients with multiple myeloma, and each 1 patient with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, primary amyloidosis, or MGUS (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance) to evaluate the clinical relevance of FLCs in the diagnosis and disease monitoring. Serum FLC levels of each patient were elevated compared with the levels of healthy individuals. The changes in FLC levels after treatment and at the time of relapse occurred earlier than those in serum immunoglobulin levels due to the short half-life of FLCs.

Chiral Brønsted acid catalyzed enantioselective hydrophosphonylation of imines: asymmetric synthesis of alpha-amino phosphonates.

[reaction: see text] A cyclic phosphoric acid derivative, derived from (R)-BINOL, was used as a chiral Brønsted acid (10 mol %) in hydrophosphonylation of aldimines with diisopropyl phosphite at room temperature. Alpha-amino phosphonates were obtained with good to high enantioselectivities.