In Vivo Phosphorylation: Development of Specific Antibodies to Detect the Phosphorylated PEPC Isoform for the C4 Photosynthesis in Zea mays.

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylases (PEPCs), mostly known as the enzymes responsible for the initial CO fixation during C photosynthesis, are regulated by reversible phosphorylation in vascular plants. The phosphorylation site on a PEPC molecule is conserved not only among isoforms but also across plant species. An anti-phosphopeptide antibody is a common and powerful tool for detecting phosphorylated target proteins with high specificity.