Anatomical recognition of dissection layers, nerves, vas deferens, and microvessels using artificial intelligence during transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair.

Purpose: In laparoscopic inguinal hernia surgery, proper recognition of loose connective tissue, nerves, vas deferens, and microvessels is important to prevent postoperative complications, such as recurrence, pain, sexual dysfunction, and bleeding. EUREKA (Anaut Inc., Tokyo, Japan) is a system that uses artificial intelligence (AI) for anatomical recognition.

The transition of the criteria for disseminated intravascular coagulation and the targeted patients in randomized controlled trials over the decades: a scoping review.

Background: Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a severe complication in septic patients. The Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare (JMHW)-DIC criteria, the first DIC criteria, were established in 1983, and several other criteria have been proposed since then, including the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH)-overt DIC criteria and the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (JAAM) DIC criteria. This study aimed to look into the transition of DIC criteria used in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for sepsis-induced DIC.

Fungal infection-related conditions and outcomes in severe COVID-19: a nationwide case-control study.

Background: Fungal infections are significant complications of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although various risk factors for poor outcomes in patients with COVID-19 have been identified, clinical and treatment factors associated with fungal infections in patients with severe COVID-19 remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate clinical factors associated with fungal infections during severe COVID-19 treatment.

Fabrication of Rapidly Soluble Zn-Releasing Phosphate-Based Glass and Its Incorporation into Dental Resin.

Phosphate-based glasses are known for their excellent biocompatibility and adjustable degradation rates. In this study, we fabricated a rapidly soluble zinc-ion-releasing phosphate-based glass (RG) specifically designed for use in dental cavity liners. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ion-releasing properties and antibacterial effects of RG.

Slc26a2-mediated sulfate metabolism is important in tooth development.

The sulfate transporter gene SLC26A2 is crucial for skeletal formation, as evidenced by its role in diastrophic dysplasia, a type of skeletal dysplasia in humans. Although SLC26A2-related chondrodysplasia also affects craniofacial and tooth development, its specific role in these processes remains unclear. In this study, we explored the pivotal roles of SLC26A2-mediated sulfate metabolism during tooth development.

Prehospital endotracheal intubation for traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and improved neurological outcomes.

Background: Patients with traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (t-OHCA) require on-scene airway management to maintain tissue oxygenation. However, the benefits of prehospital endotracheal intubation remain unclear, particularly regarding neurological outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the association between prehospital intubation and favourable neurological outcomes in patients with t-OHCA.

Association between Skin Carotenoid Levels and Cognitive Impairment Screened by Mini-Cog in Patients with Glaucoma.

Carotenoids, having strong antioxidant properties, have been associated with neurodegenerative conditions like dementia and glaucoma, characterized by neuronal loss leading to cognitive and visual dysfunction. Therefore, carotenoids have attracted attention as factors predictive of the onset and progression of these neurodegenerative diseases. However, the impact of carotenoids on cognitive impairment and glaucomatous visual field defects remains unexplored.

Metal-doped silicate and phosphate glasses for antibacterial dental biomaterials.

Owing to the development of glass 45S5 (Bioglass®) comprising 45 mol% SiO, 24.5 mol% NaO, 24.5 mol% CaO, and 6 mol% PO, different compositions of silicate glasses have been developed.

Experience with chemotherapy for postoperative metastases of adenosquamous carcinoma of the esophagogastric junction and pathological study of its development.

We report here a case of postoperative recurrent adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) of the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) treated with S-1 therapy. A 79-year-old woman was diagnosed with carcinoma of the EGJ. Thoracoscopic subtotal esophagectomy was performed, and pathological examination revealed advanced ASC with lymph node metastasis.

Door-to-Needle Time for Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Neurological Outcomes in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Nationwide Study.

Background: Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is an option for refractory cardiac arrest, and immediate initiation after indication is recommended. However, the practical goals of ECPR preparation (such as the door-to-needle time) remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the association between the door-to-needle time and neurological outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Novel weaning assessment for veno-arteriovenous to veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation using pump-controlled retrograde trial off.

Introduction: Pump-controlled retrograde trial off (PCRTO) is described as an effective weaning strategy for veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the guidelines. Contrastingly, there is no established weaning strategy for veno-arteriovenous (V-AV) ECMO. We report a novel application of PCRTO in a patient undergoing V-AV ECMO.

Follow-up computed tomography and unexpected hemostasis in non-operative management of pediatric blunt liver and spleen injury.

Purpose: While follow-up CT and prophylactic embolization with angiography are often conducted during non-operative management (NOM) for BLSI, particularly in a high-grade injury, the utility of early repeated CT for preventing unexpected hemorrhage remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate whether early follow-up computerized tomography (CT) within 7 days after admission would decrease unexpected hemostatic procedures on pediatric blunt liver and spleen injury (BLSI).

Methods: A post-hoc analysis of a multicenter observational cohort study on pediatric patients with BLSI (2008-2019) was conducted on those who underwent NOM, in whom the timing of follow-up CT were decided by treating physicians.

Effect of Heparan Sulfate on Vasculogenesis and Dentinogenesis of Dental Pulp Stem Cells.

Introduction: Heparan sulfate (HS) is a major component of dental pulp tissue. We previously reported that inhibiting HS biosynthesis impedes endothelial differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). However, the underlying mechanisms by which exogenous HS induces DPSC differentiation and pulp tissue regeneration remain unknown.

The significant role of glycosaminoglycans in tooth development.

This review delves into the roles of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), integral components of proteoglycans, in tooth development. Proteoglycans consist of a core protein linked to GAG chains, comprised of repeating disaccharide units. GAGs are classified into several types, such as hyaluronic acid, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, and keratan sulfate.

Immediate Angiography and Decreased In-Hospital Mortality of Adult Trauma Patients: A Nationwide Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to elucidate whether immediate angiography within 30 min is associated with lower in-hospital mortality compared with non-immediate angiography.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using a nationwide trauma databank (2019-2020). Adult trauma patients who underwent emergency angiography within 12 h after hospital arrival were included.

Protective Effects of Hydrogen Gas Inhalation for Hindlimb Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Mouse Model.

Objective: Ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a severe post-operative complication that triggers an inflammatory response and causes severe damage. Hydrogen gas has anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties and has been shown to be safe in humans. The study aimed to investigate whether hydrogen gas protects against skeletal muscle I/R injury.

Delta Shock Index and higher incidence of emergency surgery in older adults with blunt trauma.

Purpose: Vital signs are important for predicting clinical outcomes in patients with trauma. However, their accuracy can be affected in older adults because hemodynamic changes are less obvious. This study aimed to examine the usefulness of changes in vital signs during transportation in predicting the need for hemostatic treatments in older patients with trauma.