Favorite Music Mediates Pain-related Responses in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex and Skin Pain Thresholds.

Purpose: Music therapy is widely used to enhance well-being, reduce pain, and distract patients from unpleasant symptoms in the clinical setting. However, the degree to which music modulates pain perception is unknown. The medial pain pathway including the limbic system is associated with emotion, but how music alters pathway activity is unclear.

Drop in transforming growth factor-alpha and osteoprotegerin level in gingival crevicular fluid from patients with gingivitis.

Inflammatory mediators, especially cytokine, play a central role in the pathogenesis of gingivitis. The aim of this study was to identify and quantify the various growth factors, and cytokines in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with gingivitis, as compared with those of control subjects. The levels of cytokine in the samples were determined by their respective ELISAs.

Expression of cathepsin-K in gingival crevicular fluid of patients with periodontitis.

Cathepsin-K is a highly expressed cysteine protease, and it plays a key role in bone remodeling and cartilage breakdown in bone. Cathepsin-K is used as a well-known marker of osteoclast activity, because this enzyme is mainly derived from osteoclasts. The receptor activator for NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) plays an important role in osteoclast formation.

[Correlation between periodontal disease and osteoporosis using panoramic radiographic parameters for diagnosed osteoporosis in dental clinic].

The correlation between periodontal disease and osteoporosis was evaluated by comparing age, panoramic radiographic and clinical parameters of periodontal disease. Diagnosis of osteoporosis in periodontal diseased patients was evaluated by panoramic radiographic parameters (mandibular cortical width:MCW). Subjects which had more than 20 teeth and examined by panoramic radiography were untreated adults with periodontal disease who were free of other systemic disease.