Discovery of Safe COX-2 Inhibitors: Achieving Reduced Colitis Side Effects through Balanced COX Inhibition.

The severe adverse effects associated with imbalanced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibition continue to pose significant challenges in the development of contemporary anti-inflammatory drugs. In recent years, the approach to COX-2 inhibitor drug development has shifted from a focus on highly selective inhibition of COX-2 to a strategy that emphasizes more moderate selectivity. The amino acid sequence and structural similarities between inducible COX-2 and constitutive cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) isoforms present both substantial opportunities and challenges for the design of next generation of balanced COX-2 inhibitors.

Development of machine learning models for predicting depressive symptoms in knee osteoarthritis patients.

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) combined with depressive symptoms is prevalent and leads to poor outcomes and significant financial burdens. However, practical tools for identifying at-risk patients remain limited. A robust prediction model is needed to address this gap.

Insights into the sunlight-Induced photodegradation mechanisms of methamphetamine in surface water driven by NO₃, HCO₃ and Fe.

Psychoactive substances abuse is a global issue, with the methamphetamine (METH) being the most used and produced illicit substance in recent years. METH has been recognized as emerging contaminants in aquatic ecosystems. Research on the removal of METH from surface water is still lacking in-depth exploration.

High-Sensitivity and Fast-Response Photomultiplication Type Photodetectors Based on Quasi-2D Perovskite Films for Weak-Light Detection.

Photovoltaic photodiodes often face challenges in effectively harvesting electrical signals, especially when detecting faint light. In contrast, photomultiplication type photodetectors (PM-PDs) are renowned for their exceptional sensitivity to weak signals. Here, an advanced PM-PD is introduced based on quasi 2D Ruddlesden-Popper (Q-2D RP) perovskites, optimized for weak light detection at minimal operating voltages.

Association of benzodiazepine and Z-hypnotic use with cardiovascular disease risk: insights from a prospective study of 10 million people in China.

Aim: To assess the association between Benzodiazepines (BZDs) or Z-hypnotic use and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) incidence in residents in Beijing, China.

Methods: We included 2,415,573 individuals with a prescription record for BZDs or Z-hypnotics in the Beijing Medical Claim Data for Employees database during 2010-2017, and 8,794,356 non-users with other prescriptions for the same period. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using Cox proportional risk models for 712,850 exposed and 712,850 unexposed participants who were matched 1:1 by propensity score.

Strategy for Simple Control of High Performance PQ/PMMA Holographic Media.

Holographic data storage technology is a cost-effective solution for long-term archival data storage. However, the development of suitable holographic recording materials remains a challenge. Among these materials, phenanthraquinone-doped poly(methyl methacrylate) (PQ/PMMA) stands out due to its low cost and controllable thickness.

True Random Number Generator Based on Chaotic Oscillation of a Tunable Double-Well MEMS Resonator.

Chaotic systems have aroused interest across various scientific disciplines such as physics, biology, chemistry, and meteorology. The deterministic but unpredictable nature of a chaotic system is an ideal feature for random number generation. Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) are a promising technology that effectively harnesses chaos, offering advantages such as a compact footprint, scalability, and low power consumption.

Ambient PM Chemical Composition and Cardiovascular Disease Hospitalizations in China.

Little is known about the impacts of specific chemical components on cardiovascular hospitalizations. We examined the relationships of PM chemical composition and daily hospitalizations for cardiovascular disease in 184 Chinese cities. Acute PM chemical composition exposures were linked to higher cardiovascular disease hospitalizations on the same day and the percentage change of cardiovascular admission was the highest at 1.

Exposure to Air Pollution, Genetic Susceptibility, and Psoriasis Risk in the UK.

Importance: Psoriasis is a common autoinflammatory disease influenced by complex interactions between environmental and genetic factors. The influence of long-term air pollution exposure on psoriasis remains underexplored.

Objective: To examine the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and psoriasis and the interaction between air pollution and genetic susceptibility for incident psoriasis.

Sensitivity-Enhancing Modified Holographic Photopolymer of PQ/PMMA.

Phenanthrenequinone-doped poly(methyl methacrylate) (PQ/PMMA) photopolymers are potential holographic storage media owing to their high-density storage capacities, low costs, high stability, and negligible shrinkage in volume holographic permanent memory. However, because of the limitations of the substrate, conventional Plexiglas materials do not exhibit a good performance in terms of photosensitivity and molding. In this study, the crosslinked structure of PMMA was modified by introducing a dendrimer monomer, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PETA), which increases the photosensitivity of the material 2 times (from ~0.

Impulsivity is a stable, measurable, and predictive psychological trait.

Impulsivity is a personality construct frequently employed to explain and predict important human behaviors. Major inconsistencies in its definition and measurement, however, have led some researchers to call for an outright rejection of impulsivity as a psychological construct. We address this highly unsatisfactory state with a large-scale, preregistered study ( = 1,676) in which each participant completed 48 measures of impulsivity derived from 10 self-report scales and 10 behavioral tasks and reported frequencies of seven impulsivity-related behaviors (e.

Investigation of high-risk antibiotic resistance bacteria and their associated antibiotic resistance genes in different agricultural soils with biogas slurry from China.

High-risk antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and their accompanying antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) seriously threaten public health. As a crucial medium for ARB and ARGs spread, soils with biogas slurry have been widely investigated. However, few studies focused on high-risk multi-drug resistant bacteria (MDRB) and their associated ARGs.

Ambient fine particulate matter is associated with daily outpatient visits for ankylosing spondylitis: A time-series analysis in Beijing, China.

Exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM) has a great impact on human body's immune system, but the correlation between PM and ankylosing spondylitis has not yet been clarified. We extracted 58,600 outpatient visits for ankylosing spondylitis from the Beijing Medical Claim Data for Employees database from 2010 to 2017. The percentage of outpatient visits following PM concentrations was estimated using generalized additive models with Poisson connections.

Ring-Contracted Artemisinin Derivatives as Novel CDK 4/6 Inhibitors: Synthesis and Anti-Breast Cancer Evaluation.

The endoperoxide group of artemisinins is universally accepted an essential group for their anti-cancer effects. In this study, a series of D-ring-contracted artemisinin derivatives were constructed by combining ring-contracted artemisinin core with fragments of functional heterocyclic molecules or classical CDK4/6 inhibitors to identify more efficacious breast cancer treatment agents. Twenty-six novel hybridized molecules were synthesized and characterized by HRMS, IR, H-NMR and C NMR.

Anger and disgust shape judgments of social sanctions across cultures, especially in high individual autonomy societies.

When someone violates a social norm, others may think that some sanction would be appropriate. We examine how the experience of emotions like anger and disgust relate to the judged appropriateness of sanctions, in a pre-registered analysis of data from a large-scale study in 56 societies. Across the world, we find that individuals who experience anger and disgust over a norm violation are more likely to endorse confrontation, ostracism and, to a smaller extent, gossip.

Association Between Peripheral Retinal Defocus and Myopia by Multispectral Refraction Topography in Chinese Children.

Objective: To investigate the association between the peripheral refractive errors of the fundus in different regions and moderate and high myopia.

Methods: In this case-control study, 320 children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years were recruited. Peripheral refractive errors were measured using multispectral retinal refractive topography (MRT).

To risk or not: The impact of socioeconomic status on preschoolers' risky decision-making for gains and losses.

Disparities in socioeconomic status (SES) may affect individuals' risk preferences, which have important developmental consequences across the lifespan. Yet, previous research has shown inconsistent associations between SES and risky decision-making, and little is known about how this link develops from a young age. The current research is among the first to examine how SES influences preschoolers' risky decisions in both gain and loss frames.

Rho Kinase (ROCK) Inhibitors for the Treatment of Glaucoma.

Glaucoma is the most common cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. It is characterized by progressive optic nerve degeneration and loss of visual field. Pathological increased intraocular pressure is its main modifiable risk factor.

The impact of heat waves and cold spells on pneumonia risk: A nationwide study.

Climate change affects human health and has been linked to several infectious diseases in recent year. However, there is limited assessment on the impact of heat waves and cold spells on pneumonia risk. This study aims to examine the association of heat waves and cold spells with daily pneumonia hospitalizations in 168 cities in China.

Adaptive neural network control for Markov jumping systems against deception attacks.

This paper proposes an innovative approach for mitigating the effects of deception attacks in Markov jumping systems by developing an adaptive neural network control strategy. To address the challenge of dual-mode monitoring mechanisms, two independent Markov chains are used to describe the state changes of the system and the intermittent actuator. By employing a mapping technique, these individual chains are amalgamated into a unified joint Markov chain.

Effect of statin therapy patterns on readmission and mortality in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.

There is limited and inconsistent evidence for the association of statin therapy and statin treatment patterns with the risk of recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in patients with prior ICH. To assess the association of statin therapy and its intensity, type, initiation time, and discontinuation with the risk of recurrent ICH and mortality in Chinese patients with ICH. Patients with newly diagnosed ICH in the Beijing Employee Medical Claims Data database from 2010 to 2017 were included.

1,2,4-Oxadiazole as a potential scaffold in agrochemistry: a review.

N,O-containing heterocycles have been incorporated into various approved pesticides and pesticide candidates. The persistent challenge in contemporary crop protection lies in the continuous pursuit of novel N,O-heterocycle-containing compounds with pesticidal properties. Among them, the 1,2,4-oxadiazole scaffold is one of the most extensively explored heterocycles in new pesticide discovery and development.

Short-term exposure to reduced specific-size ambient particulate matter increase the risk of cause-specific cardiovascular disease: A national-wide evidence from hospital admissions.

Evidence for the health effects of ambient PM (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 1 µm) pollution is limited, and it remains unclear whether a smaller particulate matter has a greater impact on human health. We conducted a time-series study in 184 major cities by extracting daily hospital data on admissions for ischemic heart disease, heart failure, heart rhythm disturbances, and stroke between 2014 and 2017 from a medical insurance claims database of 0.28 billion beneficiaries.

[Latest Findings in Key Research Areas of Precision Nursing for Chronic Diseases in Older Adults].

The advent of the era of biomedical big data has helped promote the development of precision nursing. Precision nursing for chronic diseases in older adults is an interdisciplinary research field in which accurate individualized data are utilized to carry out early screening and health management of older adult populations at high risk for chronic diseases and early intervention of diseases, which plays an important role in improving the prognosis of diseases and the health level of the older adult population. Herein, we introduced the concept of precision nursing, and discussed the latest research findings in the key areas of precision nursing for chronic diseases in older adults, including precision symptom management in cancer patients and precision nursing in older patients with multimorbidity.