Comparison of surgical pleth index-guided analgesia versus conventional analgesia technique in general anesthesia surgeries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate whether the use of surgical pleth index (SPI)-guided intraoperative analgesia can result in a reduction in opioid consumption, intraoperative circulatory fluctuations, and the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions when compared to conventional analgesia techniques.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from the inception of these databases to November 2024. The objective was to identify randomized controlled trials that compared the use of SPI-guided analgesia with conventional analgesia practices in adult patients who underwent general anesthesia.

Chronic intermittent hypoxia modulates energy metabolic pathways and improves hypoxia tolerance capacity in golden pompano, Trachinotus blochii.

Hypoxia is one of the most significant abiotic stresses affecting organisms in aquatic environments. However, dissolved oxygen in water is not always at the low concentrations that cause hypoxia, but their levels often fluctuate. Here, golden pompano (Trachinotus blochii) was subjected to low oxygen concentrations for 28 days (intermittent hypoxia, 2 h per day), and their metabolic indexes were systematically evaluated.

Tracing impacts of prenatal exposure to bisphenol analogues on child anogenital distance development: A birth-cohort study.

Prenatal exposure to bisphenol analogues (BPs) is increasingly common and may affect children's reproductive development. However, human evidence is limited and inconsistent. Based on the Shanghai-Minhang Birth Cohort Study that enrolled participants in 2012 at Minhang Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Shanghai, China, we measured BPs in maternal urine samples collected during late pregnancy and children's anogenital distance (AGD: boys, AGD (anus-penis), AGD (anus-scrotum); girls, AGD (anus-clitoris), AGD (anus-fourchette)) from birth to 48 months as an indicator of reproductive development.

Decoding xenia effects on 'Jinsha' pomelo: Insights from physiological, transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses.

'Xenia' is the terminology and biology of direct, or immediate, pollen effects on seeds and fruits. In this study, we found that the pollination of 'Jinsha' pomelo (JS) with pollen from Grapefruit (GR) and 'Majia' pomelo (MJ) led to significant differences in the seed numbers and primary metabolite (soluble sugar and amino acid). In pollinated pistils, the differences in the number of pollen tubes entering the embryo sac and the content of cytokinin components at 5 d post-pollination between the two pollen sources might be the important factor contributing to the discrepancies of seed trait and further affected fruit quality.

Discovery of novel tranylcypromine-indazole-based derivatives as LSD1 inhibitors for acute myeloid leukemia treatment.

As an epigenetic enzyme, Lysine-specific demethylase (LSD1) has emerged as a promising target for cancer therapy. Based on the structure of tranylcypromine indazole, a series of LSD1 inhibitors have been designed and synthesized in this work. Most compounds have excellent inhibitory activity against LSD1.

Development of 3-arylaminothiophenic-2-carboxylic acid derivatives as new FTO inhibitors showing potent antileukemia activities.

Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) is the first discovered RNA N-methyladenosine (mA) demethylase. The highly expressed FTO protein is required to trigger oncogenic pathways in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which makes FTO a promising antileukemia drug target. In this study, we identify 3-arylaminothiophenic-2-carboxylic acid derivatives as new FTO inhibitors with good antileukemia activity.

Beyond the eye: A relational model for early dementia detection using retinal OCTA images.

Early detection of dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI), is essential to enable timely intervention and potential treatment. Accurate detection of AD/MCI is challenging due to the high complexity, cost, and often invasive nature of current diagnostic techniques, which limit their suitability for large-scale population screening. Given the shared embryological origins and physiological characteristics of the retina and brain, retinal imaging is emerging as a potentially rapid and cost-effective alternative for the identification of individuals with or at high risk of AD.

Cobalt nanoclusters promoted coordination-field enhancement of manganese single atoms for robust alkaline oxygen reduction reaction.

Bimetallic component catalysts, especially those with heteronucleation active sites, have recently attracted significant attention due to multi-component synergism and fast electron transfers. Herein, we report an architecture of dual-metal Mn/Co components loaded catalyst (MnCo-20) derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) through simple wet-chemical synthesis followed by pyrolysis. By using various advanced characterization techniques, we confirm that Co exists in the form of nanoclusters and Mn exists as single atoms on the nitrogen-doped carbon support.

VO quantum dot-enhanced nitrogen-sulfur dual-doped hierarchical porous carbon electrodes from waste eggshell membranes for advanced flexible supercapacitors.

The weathering of rocks naturally creates abundant pore structures on their surfaces. Drawing inspiration from this, we present a simple yet effective approach-combining hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis carbonization-to synthesize multivalent vanadium oxide (VO) quantum dot-enhanced nitrogen- and sulfur-doped hierarchical porous carbon materials derived from waste biomass of eggshell membranes. These carbon materials, termed VO-S@CESM, are used as electrodes for supercapacitors.

Protocol for identifying protein synthesis activity in specific cell types of the testicular lumen.

Protein synthesis could control spermatogenic cell fate transitions. Here, we present a protocol for visualization and quantification of newly synthesized proteins by click-chemistry-based immunofluorescence within specific spermatogenic cell types in the mice testicular lumen. We detail the processes for O-propargyl-puromycin (OPP) incorporation, antibody incubation, confocal microscope imaging, and subsequent quantification methods.

Effect of co-fermentation with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the structural, physicochemical, and digestibility properties of lotus starch.

Background: Microbial fermentation is regarded as the best bioimprovement technique for changing the physicochemical characteristics and structural makeup of carbohydrates. In the present study, lotus root starch (LRS) was co-fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. The effects of single- and mixed-strain fermentation on the structure, physicochemical properties and digestibility of starch were investigated at different fermentation times.

A robust deep learning model for predicting green tea moisture content during fixation using near-infrared spectroscopy: Integration of multi-scale feature fusion and attention mechanisms.

Fixation is a critical step in green tea processing, and the moisture content of the leaves after fixation is a key indicator of the fixation quality. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-based moisture detection technology is often applied in the tea processing industry. However, temperature fluctuations during processing can cause changes in the NIRS curves, which in turn affect the accuracy of moisture prediction models based on the spectral data.

Comprehensive investigation on the dynamic changes of volatile organic compounds in three peach cultivars during fruit development.

To deepen the understanding of peach aroma, we investigated the changes of volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles during fruit development in three fresh peach cultivars: 'Jiucui (JC)', 'Zhongyoupan No. 9 (ZYP9)' and 'Zhongyou No. 8 (ZY8)'.

Plant-based oat peptides as cryoprotectants mitigate freezing damage to Lactobacillus bulgaricus CICC 22163.

The freezing process leads to the death of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), making cryoprotection a significant research focus. In this study, plant-derived oat peptides demonstrated effective cryoprotective effects against Lactobacillus bulgaricus. First, the oat peptide extraction process was optimized with cell viability as the indicator: the yield was found to be 59.

Dietary polysaccharides from dragon fruit pomace, a co-product of the fruit processing industry, exhibit therapeutic potential in high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders.

The increasing prevalence of metabolic disorders, often associated with high-fat diets (HFD), highlights the need for new therapeutic approaches, especially from natural sources. Dragon fruit pomace, a by-product of the fruit processing industry, is rich in polysaccharides with potential health benefits. This study investigates the effects of dragon fruit pomace-derived polysaccharides (PDPS) in alleviating HFD-induced metabolic dysfunction.

Construction, characterization, and properties of a probiotic delivery system based on oxidized high amylose starch.

This study demonstrates the preparation of oxidized high amylose starch (OHAS) and its effect on the survival and release of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) in the gastrointestinal tract when combined with sodium alginate (SA). OHAS with different degrees of oxidation was combined with SA, and through rheological analysis, an SA/OHAS composite with good viscoelasticity, stable structure, and favorable for probiotic colonization was selected as the probiotic carrier. Specifically, SA/OHAS showed a good encapsulation efficiency of 46.

Authentication and quality assessment of whey protein-based sports supplements using portable near-infrared spectroscopy and hyperspectral imaging.

Whey protein supplements are gaining increasing popularity among health and fitness enthusiasts due to their ability to enhance protein anabolism and promote muscle recovery and building. The growing demand for whey protein supplements has led to a high incidence of food fraud, including the addition of cheap proteins and non-protein nitrogen sources, posing significant health risks and economic losses. This study presents the use of portable near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and visible near-infrared hyperspectral imaging (HSI) combined with machine learning to evaluate the quality and authenticity of whey protein supplements.

Study on the structure and lipid-lowering activity of different components of lotus root polysaccharides.

Lotus root is a widely popular aquatic vegetable with edible and medicinal values. Here we report the structure and lipid-lowering activity of two lotus root polysaccharides LRW (lotus root polysaccharide by water extraction) and LRA (lotus root polysaccharide by alkali extraction), that were extracted by aqueous and alkaline solution respectively. The results showed that the yield of polysaccharide from lotus root could be significantly improved by alkali extraction.

EXPRESS: Facial attractiveness influenced cooperative behavior in the Stag Hunt game: evidence from neural electrophysiology.

Facial attractiveness plays a significant role in interpersonal interactions, influencing various aspects of life. This study is the first to explore, from a neurological perspective, the impact of facial attractiveness on individual cooperative behavior in the context of the Stag Hunt game. 26 participants took part in a two-person Stag Hunt experimental task while their electroencephalogram (EEG) data was recorded.

The Seneca Valley virus 3C protease cleaves DCP1A to attenuate its antiviral effects.

Seneca Valley virus (SVV), a new member of Picornaviridae, causes idiopathic vesicular symptoms in pregnant sows and acute death in neonatal piglets, considerably damaging the swine industry. The viral protease 3C (3C) cleaves host immune-related molecules to create a favorable environment for viral replication. In this study, we found that mRNA decapping enzyme 1A (DCP1A) is a novel antiviral effector against SVV infection that targets 3D viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase for OPTN-mediated autophagic degradation.

Insight in the characteristics of humic substances with cotton straw derived organic materials amendments.

Carbon sequestration by application of organic materials and biochar in soil is an important strategy to increase soil organic carbon (SOC), but the stability of SOC, particularly humic substances (HS) vary with the types of organic material. In this study, cotton straw and its derived compost and biochar were added with equivalent carbon content to soil and incubated for 180 days. The structural characteristics of humic acid (HA), fulvic acid (FA) and humin (Hu) were investigated using solid-state C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.

Adaptation and validation of the Chinese versions of the childhood perceived poverty and wealth questionnaire(C‑CPPWQ) and the childhood perceived unpredictability questionnaire (C‑CPUQ).

Background: Childhood subjective socioeconomic status (operational definition of harshness) and unpredictability significantly influence life history strategies and subsequent psychological and behavioral patterns. Existing research on Chinese populations has been limited by inconsistent metrics and inadequate measurement items. This study aimed to adapt and validate the Chinese versions of the Childhood Perceived Poverty and Wealth Questionnaire (C-CPPWQ) and the Childhood Perceived Unpredictability Questionnaire (C-CPUQ), addressing cultural differences and expanding measurement subjects.

Lsm2 is critical to club cell proliferation and its inhibition aggravates COPD progression.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a prevalent respiratory condition, with its severity inversely related to the levels of Club cell 10 kDa secretory protein (CC10). The gene Lsm2, involved in RNA metabolism and cell proliferation, has an unclear role in COPD development.

Methods: An in vitro COPD model was developed by stimulating 16HBE cells with cigarette smoke extract (CSE).

A systematic analysis of temporal trends, characteristics, and citations of retracted stem cell publications.

Background: The increasing prevalence of retracted publications in stem cell research presents significant challenges to scientific integrity. Although retraction notices are issued, retracted studies continue to be cited, facilitating the dissemination of unreliable findings. This study aimed to systematically explore the characteristics of retracted stem cell publications and evaluate the impact of retractions on subsequent citations.

The association between novel metabolic parameters and all-cause/cardiovascular mortality in patients with metabolic syndrome is modified by age.

Background: Triglyceride glucose index (TyG) serves as an effective parameter for assessing metabolic status. However, it remains uncertain whether TyG and other metabolic parameters can predict clinical outcomes in people with metabolic syndrome (MetS). We investigated the association of TyG, triglyceride glucose-waist to height ratio (TyG-WHtR), and metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the MetS cohort and determined whether this association changes with age.