Controlled-Release Fertilizer Improving Paddy Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency by Reducing Soil Residual Nitrogen and Leaching Losses in the Yellow River Irrigation Area.

The unreasonable application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer leads to high nutrient losses and severe potential of agricultural non-point source contamination, which threatens water quality in the upper Yellow River Basin. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the effects of N application rates and various control measures on rice yield and N leaching in paddy fields in the Yellow River irrigation area. Four treatments were employed in this study, CK (no N fertilizer application, 0 kg N∙ha), CRU (controlled-release urea application, 180 kg N∙ha), OPT (optimal N fertilizer application, 210 kg N∙ha), and FP (N fertilizer application based on farmer experience, 240 kg N∙ha), to examine paddy yield, N use efficiency (NUE), N concentrations in leaching water at various soil depths, and N contents along the 0-100 cm depth of the soil profile.

Resinacein S ameliorates the obesity in mice via activating the brown adipose tissue.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is an ideal target organ for obesity treatment. Resinacein S is extracted from Ganoderma lucidum and can elevate Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in cells, but its related effects at the animal level are not clear. The mice were fed with high-fat diet to construct obesity models and treated with Resinacein S.

Dynamic risk factors for complex regional pain syndrome after distal radius fracture surgery: multivariate analysis and prediction.

Background: Distal radius fractures are a common orthopedic injury, particularly prevalent among elderly and osteoporotic patients. Although surgical treatment effectively restores fracture alignment and stabilizes the bone, Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) can occur as a postoperative complication, severely impacting patients' rehabilitation and quality of life. Therefore, assessing the risk factors for postoperative CRPS is crucial for early clinical intervention, aiming to improve recovery outcomes and overall patient well-being.

Filamentous prophage Pf4 promotes genetic exchange in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Filamentous prophages are widespread among bacteria and play crucial functions in virulence, antibiotic resistance, and biofilm structures. The filamentous Pf4 particles, extruded by an important pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, can protect producing cells from adverse conditions. Contrary to the conventional belief that the Pf4-encoding cells resist reinfection, we herein report that the Pf4 prophage is reciprocally and commonly exchanged within P.

Developing a novel mobile application for cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia for people with schizophrenia: integration of wearable and environmental sleep sensors.

Background: People with serious mental illnesses (SMIs) have three-fold higher rates of comorbid insomnia than the general population, which has downstream effects on cognitive, mental, and physical health. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-i) is a safe and effective first-line treatment for insomnia, though the therapy's effectiveness relies on completing nightly sleep diaries which can be challenging for some people with SMI and comorbid cognitive deficits. Supportive technologies such as mobile applications and sleep sensors may aid with completing sleep diaries.

Comparative efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors for renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

In this study, the summarized WMDs and RRs were calculated using a pairwise analysis and a network meta-analysis with a random effects model, to compare and rank the efficacy and safety of SGLT-2i for renal outcomes in patients with T2DM. Among 1894 identified articles, 30 trials including 50,244 patients with T2DM were evaluated. Network analysis revealed that the administration of canagliflozin was associated with a reduced risk of renal impairment (surface under the cumulative ranking: 90.

FMO1 Promotes Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Progression by Regulating PPARα Activation and Inducing Ferroptosis.

Background: The function of flavin containing dimethylaniline monooxygenase 1 (FMO1), which is known to play a part in lipid metabolism, remains unclear in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This research has the objective of examining the contributions of FMO1 in the progression of NAFLD and the associated mechanisms, particularly the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and ferroptosis pathways.

Methods: An NAFLD model was established by treating L02 cells with free fatty acids (FFAs).

Breakthrough infection evokes the nasopharyngeal innate immune responses established by SARS-CoV-2-inactivated vaccine.

Nasopharyngeal immune responses are vital for defense against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although vaccination muscle immunization has shown a high efficacy in reducing severity and death in COVID-19 infection, breakthrough infection frequently happens because of mutant variants and incompletely established mucosal immunity, especially in the upper respiratory tract. Here, we performed a single-cell RNA and T-cell receptor repertoire sequencing and delineated a high-resolution transcriptome landscape of nasopharyngeal mucosal immune and epithelial cells in vaccinated persons with breakthrough infection and non-vaccinated persons with natural infection as control.

Trade-Offs between Direct Emission Reduction and Intersectoral Additional Emissions: Evidence from the Electrification Transition in China's Transport Sector.

Electrifying the transport sector is crucial for reducing CO emissions and achieving Paris Agreement targets. This largely depends on rapid decarbonization in power plants; however, we often overlook the trade-offs between reduced transportation emissions and additional energy-supply sector emissions induced by electrification. Here, we developed a framework for China's transport sector, including analyzing driving factors of historical CO emissions, collecting energy-related parameters of numerous vehicles based on the field- investigation, and assessing the energy-environment impacts of electrification policies with national heterogeneity.

Gut microbiota: Linking nutrition and perinatal depression.

Perinatal depression is a mood disorder that is reported in women during pregnancy (prenatal) and after childbirth (postnatal). The onset of perinatal depression is associated with changes in reproductive hormones, stress hormones and neurosteroids. These chemical compounds can be modulated by the gut microbiota, which may affect maternal mental health during the perinatal period the gut-brain-axis.

CircGPR137B/miR-4739/FTO feedback loop suppresses tumorigenesis and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Emerging evidence indicates that circular RNAs (circRNAs) and mA RNA methylation participate in the pathogenesis and metastasis of multiple malignancies including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, it remains undocumented how circRNAs form a feedback loop with the mA modification contributing to HCC.

Methods: A novel hsa_circ_0017114 (circGPR137B) was identified from three pairs of primary HCC and adjacent normal tissues by circRNA expression profiling.

Crocin protects the renal tubular epithelial cells against high glucose-induced injury and oxidative stress via regulation of the SIRT1/Nrf2 pathway.

Objectives: Renal tubular damage is critical pathological feathers of diabetic nephropathy (DN). This study aimed to explore the protective activity and related mechanisms of crocin in renal epithelial cell injury induced by high glucose.

Materials And Methods: Renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells were cultured with D-glucose to establish an in vitro DN model.

Osteoclasts May Affect Glucose Uptake-Related Insulin Resistance by Secreting Resistin.

Objectives: Bone may play a role in the modulation of insulin sensitivity. Insulin resistance can be caused by increased resistin. However, whether osteoclasts affect the insulin resistance via resistin remains unclear.

The expression of mimecan in adrenal tissue plays a role in an organism's responses to stress.

Mimecan encodes a secretory protein that is secreted into the human serum as two mature proteins with molecular masses of 25 and 12 kDa. We found 12-kDa mimecan to be a novel satiety hormone mediated by the upregulation of the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in the hypothalamus. Mimecan was found to be expressed in human pituitary corticotroph cells and was up-regulated by glucocorticoids, while the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in pituitary corticotroph AtT-20 cells was induced by mimecan.

Systematic prediction of the biological functions of TAS2R10 using positive co-expression analysis.

Type 2 taste receptor 10 (TAS2R10), belonging to the TAS2R family of bitter receptors, is widely expressed in extra-oral tissues. However, its biological roles beyond bitterness sensing in the tongue have remained largely elusive. The present study aimed to perform a positive co-expression analysis using 60,000 Affymetrix expression arrays and 5,000 The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets to uncover such roles.

Effect of coupled reduced irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on soil mite community composition in a wheat field.

Groundwater and nitrogen fertilizer overuse severely threatens crop productions; thus, current ecological agriculture requires low irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer inputs. The effects of combined reduced irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer addition on soil organism (e.g.

Apigenin Protects Against Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell Injury and Oxidative Stress by High Glucose via Regulation of NF-E2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) Pathway.

BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a disease characterized by oxidative stress and apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells driven by hyperglycemia. Apigenin is a flavonoid compound that possesses potent anti‑apoptotic properties. The present study aimed to explore the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of apigenin on renal tubular epithelial cells exposed to hyperglycemia.

Assessment of Molecular Subtypes in Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis and Graves Disease Among Chinese Han Adults: A Population-Based Genome-Wide Association Study.

Importance: Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) is a potentially lethal complication of hyperthyroidism. However, only 1 specific susceptibility locus for TPP has been identified. Additional genetic determinants should be detected so that a prediction model can be constructed.

Metabolomic analysis reveals a protective effect of Fu-Fang-Jin-Qian-Chao herbal granules on oxalate-induced kidney injury.

Nephrolithiasis is one of the world's major public health burdens with a high incidence and a risk of persistent renal dysfunction. Fu-Fang-Jin-Qian-Chao granules (FFJQC), a traditional Chinese herb formula, is commonly used in treatment of nephrolithiasis. However, the therapeutic mechanism of FFJQC on kidney stone has still been a mystery.

A Novel c.125 T>G (p.Val42Gly) Mutation in The Human INS Gene Leads to Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus via a Decrease in Insulin Synthesis.

Background: Neonatal diabetes mellitus is likely caused by monogenic mutations, several of which have been identified. mutations have a broad spectrum of clinical presentations, ranging from severe neonatal onset to mild adult onset, which suggests that the products of different mutant INS alleles behave differently and utilize distinct mechanisms to induce diabetes. In this study, a neonatal diabetes mellitus patient's gene was sequenced, and functional experiments were conducted.