Nobiletin-mediated autophagy mitigates nanoplastic-induced toxicity in human intestinal Caco-2 cells.

The presence of nanoplastics (NPs), which cause oxidative stress and damage to the cell structure due to the breakdown of microplastics (MPs), poses considerable ecological and health challenges. This study investigated the protective role of nobiletin (NOB), a flavonoid derived from citrus peel, in modulating autophagy and mitigating NP-induced toxicity in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. The Caco-2 cells were treated with NPs and varying concentrations of NOB to evaluate cell viability, apoptosis, and autophagic activity.

Stevia and Stevioside Attenuate Liver Steatosis through PPARα-Mediated Lipophagy in Mice Hepatocytes.

Lipophagy, a type of autophagy that breaks down lipid droplets, is essential in the regulation of intracellular lipid accumulation and intracellular free fatty acid levels in numerous organisms and metabolic conditions. We investigated the effects of (S), a low-calorie sweetener, and stevioside (SS) on hepatic steatosis and autophagy in hepatocytes, as well as in mice. S and SS reduced the body and liver weight and levels of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and hepatic lipogenic proteins.