ACTION: Augmentation and computation toolbox for brain network analysis with functional MRI.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been increasingly employed to investigate functional brain activity. Many fMRI-related software/toolboxes have been developed, providing specialized algorithms for fMRI analysis. However, existing toolboxes seldom consider fMRI data augmentation, which is quite useful, especially in studies with limited or imbalanced data.

Uniformly dispersing SbSe nanoparticles in porous carbon as an anode material for enhancing sodium storage capacity.

About 60 nm SbSe nanoparticles are uniformly embedded in a porous carbon substrate to prepare a SbSe/C composite through a combination of pyrolysis reduction and solid-phase selenization. The SbSe/C anode exhibits excellent sodium storage capacity. The initial discharge capacity is up to 420 mA h g at 0.

ResNet-Vision Transformer based MRI-endoscopy fusion model for predicting treatment response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: A multicenter study.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by radical surgery has been a common practice for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, but the response rate varies among patients. This study aimed to develop a ResNet-Vision Transformer based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-endoscopy fusion model to precisely predict treatment response and provide personalized treatment.

Methods: In this multicenter study, 366 eligible patients who had undergone neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by radical surgery at eight Chinese tertiary hospitals between January 2017 and June 2024 were recruited, with 2928 pretreatment colonic endoscopic images and 366 pelvic MRI images.

Non-carbonization annealing toward regulation of cobalt-based organic-inorganic hybrids as advanced electrocatalysts for water splitting.

High-temperature carbonization typically used in the preparation of advanced electrocatalysts poses significant challenges in preserving abundant functional groups essential for reactant adsorption and component stabilization. To address this, a solvothermal synthesis followed by non-carbonization annealing approach is proposed to fabricate a series of cobalt-based organic-inorganic hybrids derived from cobalt-based glycerate nanospheres (GNs). Notably, annealing in phosphorous and inert atmospheres preserves the solid nanospherical structure, whereas treatment in sulfur-rich environments results in the formation of hollowed nanospheres.

Development and validation of a radiopathomics model for predicting liver metastases of colorectal cancer.

Objective: To compare the ability of a model based on CT radiomics features, a model based on clinical data, and a fusion model based on a combination of both radiomics and clinical data to predict the risk of liver metastasis after surgery for colorectal cancer.

Methods: Two hundred and twelve patients with pathologically confirmed colorectal cancer were divided into a training set (n = 148) and a validation set (n = 64). Radiomics features from the most recent CT scans and clinical data obtained before surgery were extracted.

TORC1 Regulates Thermotolerance via Modulating Metabolic Rate and Antioxidant Capacity in Scallop .

Target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) is a key regulator of metabolism in eukaryotes across multiple pathways. Although TORC1 has been extensively studied in vertebrates and some invertebrates, research on this complex in scallops is limited. In this study, we identified the genes encoding TORC1 complex subunits in the scallop through genome-wide in silico scanning.

Model-driven extended scene piston sensing for synthetic aperture telescopes.

Efficient piston estimation is a critical factor in preserving the image quality in synthetic aperture telescopes. When the light source or observation scene is an extended object, the spatial properties of the target and the point spread function (PSF) will undergo convolution effects on the scientific image plane, posing a significant challenge to numerous developed point-source piston sensing methods. In this paper, we investigate a model-driven-based piston sensing strategy capable of high-accuracy piston measurement for extended scenes.

Photonics-aided exceeding 200-Gb/s wireless data transmission over outdoor long-range 2 × 2 MIMO THz links at 300 GHz.

Outdoor long-range terahertz (THz) communications often come at the expense of transmission rate. Moreover, the practicability of the single polarization optical/THz link, which is commonly used in the previous long-range THz demonstrations based on photonics, is extremely limited by the following two fatal defects. One is relying on active polarization control, and the other is not supporting the transparent bridging of optical polarization division multiplexed (PDM) signals for mature coherent optical communication networks.

Tissue-specific, temporal, and core gene-dependent expression patterns of Hsp70s reveal functional allocation in Chlamys farreri under heat stress.

Heat shock proteins 70 KDa (Hsp70s) engage in a broad spectrum of cellular functions in response to various stressors. Marine bivalves face substantial threats from the rising seawater temperature attributed to global warming. In the present study, expression patterns of Hsp70s in Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri (CfHsp70s) were determined in embryos and larvae at all developmental stages, in healthy adult tissues, and across four various tissues exposed to high temperature for acute and chronic periods through in silico analysis.

Preparation and Application of Weak Cation Exchange Resin Based on Thiol Click Reaction.

Using poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) microspheres as stationary phase matrix and mercaptosuccinic acid as a modifier, a new weak cation exchange resin was synthesized by thiol click reaction. The conditions for thiol-chlorine click reaction and thiol-alkene click reaction were optimized. The surface morphology and chemical composition of the modified microspheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and an elemental analyzer.

Platelet Membrane-Camouflaged Copper Doped CaO Biomimetic Nanomedicines for Breast Cancer Combination Treatment.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. Chemodynamic therapy (CDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), and ion interference therapy (IIT), used in combination, represent a common treatment. In this study, platelet membrane-camouflaged copper-doped CaO biomimetic nanomedicines have been developed for breast cancer treatments.

Sb nanoparticles embedded uniformly on the surface of porous carbon fibres for high-efficiency sodium storage.

Sb nanoparticles (∼50 nm) are embedded uniformly on the surface of carbon fibers (Sb NPs-SCFs) without scattered Sb NPs. The Sb NPs-CNFs anode exhibits excellent sodium storage, delivering a second cycle discharge capacity of 455.7 mA h g at 1.

Coordination Regulation Strategy in Fabricating BiS@CNFs Composites with Uniform Dispersion for Robust Sodium Storage.

To solve large volume change and low conductivity of BiS-based anodes, a coordination regulation strategy is proposed to prepare BiS nanoparticles dispersed in carbon fiber (BiS@CNF) composites. It has been discovered that introducing trimesic acid as a ligand can significantly improve the loading and dispersion of Bi in polyacrylonitrile fibers. The results exhibit that BiS nanoparticles of 200-300 nm are uniformly anchored on the superficial surface layer of CNFs, and BiS nanoparticles of about 20 nm are evenly dispersed in the interior of CNFs.

Predictive factors of stress urinary incontinence after Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate: a magnetic resonance imaging-based retrospective study.

Background: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) remains a prevalent complication after Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (HoLEP). This retrospective analysis aims to delineate perioperative and anatomical determinants of SUI as observed on preoperative multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in patients subjected to HoLEP.

Methods: We reviewed 216 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) cases managed via HoLEP by a singular urologist at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from January 2021 to September 2022.

Realization of Mg intercalation in a thermodynamically stable layer-structured oxide.

Magnesium batteries have emerged as one of the considerable choices for next-generation batteries. Oxide compounds have attracted great attention as cathodes for magnesium batteries because of their high output voltages and ease of synthesis. However, a majority of the reported results are based on metastable nanoscale oxide materials.

CoP/CoP embedded in N, P, S triply-doped hollow carbon towards enhanced oxygen electrocatalysis.

Simultaneously dispersing phosphide crystallites and multiple heteroatoms in hollow carbon is a significant yet challenging task for achieving high-performance oxygen electrocatalysts of zinc-air batteries. Herein, a simple wrapping-pyrolysis strategy is proposed to prepare CoP/CoP embedded in N, P, S triply-doped hollow carbon (CoP/CoP@NPS-HC). CoP/CoP@NPS-HC composite features hollow polyhedral structure populated with numerous catalytically active CoP/CoP nanoparticles and N, P, S heteroatoms.

Effects of inactivated Lactobacillus rhamnosus on growth performance, serum indicators, and colonic microbiota and metabolism of weaned piglets.

Background: To assess the effects of inactivated Lactobacillus rhamnosus (ILR) on growth performance, serum biochemical indices, colonic microbiota, and metabolomics in weaned piglets, 120 piglets were randomly divided into five groups. Samples in the control group were fed a basal diet, while the experimental ILR1, ILR2, ILR3, and ILR4 groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 0.1%, 0.

Functional allocation of Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) unveils thermotolerance in scallop Argopecten irradians irradians.

Global warming has significantly impacted agriculture, particularly in animal husbandry and aquaculture industry. Rising ocean temperatures due to global warming are severely affecting shellfish production, necessitating an understanding of how shellfish cope with thermal stress. The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in cell growth, differentiation, adaptation to environmental stress, inflammatory response, and managing high temperature stress.

Cross-correlation and multifractality analysis of the Chinese and American stock markets based on the MF-DCCA model.

Objective: To compare the multifractal features and factors of the Chinese and American stock markets and their correlation, complexity and uncertainty.

Methods: The paper analyzes the CSI 300 and S&P 500 indices from March 2018 to March 2023 using the MF-DCCA model and removes the long-term memory and nonlinear effects by random reshuffling and phase processing methods.

Results: The paper shows that (1) CSI 300 and S&P 500 have multifractal features, with different long-term memory, complexity and irregularity at different scales; (2) The markets are fractal movements influenced by investors' irrationality and expectations, not efficient markets; (3) Long-term memory and nonlinear effects cause the multifractal features.

Advances in Functional Organosulfur-Based Mediators for Regulating Performance of Lithium Metal Batteries.

Rechargeable lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are promising next-generation energy storage systems due to their high theoretical energy density. However, their practical applications are hindered by lithium dendrite growth and various intricate issues associated with the cathodes. These challenges can be mitigated by using organosulfur-based mediators (OSMs), which offer the advantages of abundance, tailorable structures, and unique functional adaptability.

AMPK-mediated regulation of cardiac energy metabolism: Implications for thermotolerance in Argopecten irradians irradians.

AMPK is a key regulator of metabolism in eukaryotes across various pathways related to energy regulation. Although extensive investigations of AMPK have been conducted in mammals and some model organisms, research on AMPK in scallops is comparatively limited. In this study, three AMPK family genes (AiAMPKα, AiAMPKβ and AiAMPKγ) in scallop Argopecten irradians irradians were identified through genome scanning.

Recent Advances in Oral Vaccines for Animals.

Compared to traditional injected vaccines, oral vaccines offer significant advantages for the immunization of livestock and wildlife due to their ease of use, high compliance, improved safety, and potential to stimulate mucosal immune responses and induce systemic immunity against pathogens. This review provides an overview of the delivery methods for oral vaccines, and the factors that influence their immunogenicity. We also highlight the global progress and achievements in the development and use of oral vaccines for animals, shedding light on potential future applications in this field.

Reframing Whole-Body Angular Momentum: Exploring the Impact of Low-Pass Filtered Dynamic Local Reference Frames During Straight-Line and Turning Gaits.

Accurately estimating whole-body angular momentum (WBAM) during daily activities may benefit from choosing a locally-defined reference frame aligned with anatomical axes, particularly during activities involving body turns. Local reference frames, potentially defined by pelvis heading angles, horizontal center of mass velocity (vCoM), or average angular velocity ( Aω ), can be utilized. To minimize the impact of inherent mediolateral oscillations of these frames, such as those caused by pelvis or vCoM rotation in the transverse plane, a low-pass filter is recommended.