Intelligent Fusion of Multi-Source Senses Information for Identifying the Nature of Five Flavors in Chinese Medicine: A Comprehensive Study of Five Classifications.

Objective: To develop a classification model for the five flavors of Chinese medicine using advanced multi-source intelligent sensory information fusion technology. The primary aim is to investigate the feasibility of applying this model to classify and identify the flavors of various Chinese medicines effectively.

Methods: We selected 122 representative Chinese medicines, each exhibiting a single distinct flavor (sour, pungent, salty, sweet, bitter), along with 14 common foods.

Development of a variety and quality evaluation method for Amomi fructus using GC, electronic tongue, and electronic nose.

is rich in volatile components and valuable as a medicine and edible spice. However, the quality of commercially available varies, and issues with mixed sources and adulteration by similar products are common. In addition, due to incomplete identification methods, rapid detection of the purchased quality is still an issue.

Authenticity and species identification of Fritillariae cirrhosae: a data fusion method combining electronic nose, electronic tongue, electronic eye and near infrared spectroscopy.

This paper focuses on determining the authenticity and identifying the species of using electronic nose, electronic tongue, and electronic eye sensors, near infrared and mid-level data fusion. 80 batches of and its counterfeits (including several batches of Hsiao et K.C.

A comparative study of consistency between traditional decoction and dispensing granule decoctions from different sources.

Objective: To compare the consistency between the decoction of dispensing granules from different manufacturers and traditional decoction (TD), and to provide a reference for the clinical application of dispensing granules.

Methods: Nine batches of dispensing granules (from three manufacturers, A, B, and C) and 20 batches of decoction pieces were collected. The contents of four active components and were determined by HPLC and UPLC-MS/MS, respectively.

[Main characteristics and practical discussions of national drug standards for 196 kinds of Chinese medicine formula granules].

As China is implementing the policy of "Announcement on Ending the Pilot Work of Chinese medicine formula gra-nules", the standard of Chinese medicine formula granules has gradually become the focus of industry development. Up to now, 196 national drug standards for Chinese medicine formula granules have been published by China, which guaranteed the production quality of Chinese medicine formula granules. However, there are still several challenges such as the rational application of national drug standards and the enrichment and improvement of varieties.

DriverRWH: discovering cancer driver genes by random walk on a gene mutation hypergraph.

Background: Recent advances in next-generation sequencing technologies have helped investigators generate massive amounts of cancer genomic data. A critical challenge in cancer genomics is identification of a few cancer driver genes whose mutations cause tumor growth. However, the majority of existing computational approaches underuse the co-occurrence mutation information of the individuals, which are deemed to be important in tumorigenesis and tumor progression, resulting in high rate of false positive.

[Chinese medicine dispensing granules: history, status quo, and development prospect in "post-pilot era"].

Chinese medicine dispensing granules, the result of the efforts to transform Chinese medicinal decoction pieces in China, features portability and ease of storage. Thus, it is destined to be an indispensible dosage form in the modernization drive of Chinese medicine. The Announcement on Ending the Pilot Project of Chinese Medicine Dispensing Granules was released in February 2021 and relevant regulations went into force in November 2021, which marks the a new journey for the development of Chinese medicine dispensing granules and the beginning of the "post-pilot era".

Optimization and validation of the protocol used to analyze the taste of traditional Chinese medicines using an electronic tongue.

Tools to define the active ingredients and flavors of Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) are limited by long analysis times, complex sample preparation and a lack of multiplexed analysis. The aim of the present study was to optimize and validate an electronic tongue (E-tongue) methodology to analyze the bitterness of TCMs. To test the protocol, 35 different TCM concoctions were measured using an E-tongue, and seven replicate measurements of each sample were taken to evaluate reproducibility and precision.

Evaluation of the Bitterness of Traditional Chinese Medicines using an E-Tongue Coupled with a Robust Partial Least Squares Regression Method.

To accurately, safely, and efficiently evaluate the bitterness of Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs), a robust predictor was developed using robust partial least squares (RPLS) regression method based on data obtained from an electronic tongue (e-tongue) system. The data quality was verified by the Grubb's test. Moreover, potential outliers were detected based on both the standardized residual and score distance calculated for each sample.

Bitterness intensity prediction of berberine hydrochloride using an electronic tongue and a GA-BP neural network.

The aim of this study was to predict the bitterness intensity of a drug using an electronic tongue (e-tongue). The model drug of berberine hydrochloride was used to establish a bitterness prediction model (BPM), based on the taste evaluation of bitterness intensity by a taste panel, the data provided by the e-tongue and a genetic algorithm-back-propagation neural network (GA-BP) modeling method. The modeling characteristics of the GA-BP were compared with those of multiple linear regression, partial least square regression and BP methods.

[Current understanding of sleep, dreaming and related memory consolidation].

Sleep is a naturally recurring state found throughout the animal kingdom and characterized by a reversible loss of consciousness. Although in humans the daily amount of sleep decreases with aging, the total amount of time spent for sleep is estimated as up to one-third of one's lifetime. In mammals, sleep shows a clear daily rhythmicity as well as nightly phases, which are strongly controlled by the circadian clock located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei and are also regulated by ambient light.