Pharmacological Effects of Antioxidant Mycosporine-Glycine in Alleviating Ultraviolet B-Induced Skin Photodamage: Insights from Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analyses.

Mycosporine-glycine (M-Gly), a member of the mycosporine-like amino acid (MAA) family, is known for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its in vivo efficacy in alleviating acute skin photodamage, primarily caused by oxidative stress, has not been well explored. In this investigation, 30 female ICR mice were divided into four groups: a control group and three Ultraviolet B (UVB)-exposed groups treated with saline or M-Gly via intraperitoneal injection for 30 days.

Indole-3-Lactic Acid Derived from Inhibits Infection via Destruction of Bacteria Cells, Protection of Gastric Mucosa Epithelial Cells, and Alleviation of Inflammation.

Indole-3-lactic acid (ILA) has exhibited antimicrobial properties. However, its role in inhibiting infection remains elusive. This study investigated the inhibitory effect of ILA produced by on , which was further confirmed by cell and animal experiments.

Alleviative effects of sulfated polysaccharide from Ishige Okamurae against DSS-induced ulcerative colitis via inhibiting inflammation and modulating gut microbiota.

A water-soluble polysaccharide from the brown alga Ishige Okamurae, designated IOP-0, was obtained by preparative anion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography. Chemical and spectroscopic investigations revealed that IOP-0 was a sulfated fucoidan with a backbone primarily composed of 3-linked and 4-linked-L-fucose with sulfate groups at C-2/C-4 of the 3-linked-L-fucose. The protective effect of IOP-0 on ulcerative colitis was evaluated in this work.

Protective Effect of Mycosporine-like Amino Acids Isolated from an Antarctic Diatom on UVB-Induced Skin Damage.

Although it is well recognized that mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) are ultraviolet (UV) protective agents that can reduce UV damage, the specific biological mechanism of its role in the skin remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of MAAs extracted from Antarctic diatom ICE-H on UVB-induced skin damage using a mice model. The MAAs components identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry included 4-deoxygadusol, shinorine, and porphyra-334, which were purified using a Supledean Carboxen1000 solid phase extraction column.

Protective Effects of ζ-Carotene-like Compounds against Acute UVB-Induced Skin Damage.

The previous study successfully established an expression strain of ζ-carotene-like compounds (CLC) and demonstrated its remarkable antioxidant activity, which exhibited resistance to photodamage caused by UVB radiation on the skin following gavage administration. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact and mechanism of CLC on UVB-induced skin damage through topical application. Cell viability, anti-apoptotic activity, ROS scavenging ability, the inhibition of melanin synthesis, the regulation of inflammatory factors and collagen deposition were assessed in cells and mice using qRT-PCR, WB, Elisa assays, immunohistochemistry staining and biochemical kits, etc.

Beneficial effect of ζ-carotene-like compounds on acute UVB irradiation by alleviating inflammation and regulating intestinal flora.

ζ-Carotene is a key intermediate in the carotenoid pathway, but owing to its low content and difficulties in isolation, its application is restricted. In this study, three genes (, , and ) in the carotenoid pathway of Antarctic moss were identified, recombined, and expressed in () BL21(DE3). The expression product was identified as one of the ζ-carotenes by UV absorbance spectrum, thin layer chromatography (TLC), and super-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrum (UPLC-MS), and was called a ζ-carotene-like compound (CLC).

Extreme environmental adaptation mechanisms of Antarctic bryophytes are mainly the activation of antioxidants, secondary metabolites and photosynthetic pathways.

The environment in Antarctica is characterized by low temperature, intense UVB and few vegetation types. The Pohlia nutans M211 are bryophytes, which are the primary plants in Antarctica and can thrive well in the Antarctic harsh environment. The transcriptional profiling of Pohlia nutans M211 under low temperature and high UVB conditions was analyzed to explore their polar adaptation mechanism in the extreme Antarctic environment by third-generation sequencing and second-generation sequencing.

κ-Selenocarrageenan Oligosaccharides Prepared by Deep-Sea Enzyme Alleviate Inflammatory Responses and Modulate Gut Microbiota in Ulcerative Colitis Mice.

κ-Selenocarrageenan (KSC) is an organic selenium (Se) polysaccharide. There has been no report of an enzyme that can degrade κ-selenocarrageenan to κ-selenocarrageenan oligosaccharides (KSCOs). This study explored an enzyme, κ-selenocarrageenase (SeCar), from deep-sea bacteria and produced heterologously in , which degraded KSC to KSCOs.

Structural characterization of a sulfated polysaccharide from Ishige okamurae and its effect on recovery from immunosuppression.

A sulfated polysaccharide from the brown alga Ishige okamurae Yendo, designated IOY, was successfully isolated by anion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography. Chemical and spectroscopic analyses demonstrated that IOY was a fucoidan, that consisted of →3)-α-l-Fucp-(1→, →4)-α-l-Fucp-(1→, →6)-β-d-Galp-(1 → and →3)-β-d-Galp-(1 → residues with sulfate groups at C-2/C-4 the of (1 → 3)-α-l-Fucp and C-6 the of (1 → 3)-β-d-Galp residues. IOY possessed a potent immunomodulatory effect in vitro as measured by lymphocyte proliferation assay.

Soluble dietary fiber and cellulose from Saccharina japonica by-product ameliorate Loperamide-induced constipation via modulating enteric neurotransmitters, short-chain fatty acids and gut microbiota.

The effects of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and cellulose (IDF) from Saccharina japonica by-product and their differences in improving constipation were further clarified in the present study. We demonstrated that SDF was mainly made up of d-mannuronic acid and d-mannose while IDF consisted of d-glucose , which is different from other reported dietary fibers of terrestrial plants. In this research, both SDF and IDF improved fecal-related indicators, gastrointestinal transit rate and histological morphology in Lop-induced mice.

Purification, Chemical Characterization and Immunomodulatory Activity of a Sulfated Polysaccharide from Marine Brown Algae .

An immunomodulatory polysaccharide (DAP4) was extracted, purified, and characterized from The results of chemical and spectroscopic analyses demonstrated that the polysaccharide was a fucoidan, and was mainly composed of (1→3)-α-l-Fuc and (1→4)-α-l-Fuc residues with a small degree of branching at C-3 of (1→4)-α-l-Fuc residues. Sulfate groups were at C-4 of (1→3)-α-l-Fuc, C-2 of (1→4)-α-l-Fuc and minor C-6 of (1→4)-β-d-Gal. Small amounts of xylose and galactose exist in the forms of β-d-Xyl-(1→ and β-d-Gal-(1→.

Regulatory Effects of Functional Soluble Dietary Fiber from Byproduct on the Liver of Obese Mice with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Though the relationship between dietary fiber and physical health has been investigated widely, the use of dietary fiber from marine plants has been investigated relatively rarely. The byproducts after the production of algin contain a large amount of insoluble polysaccharide, which will cause a waste of resources if ignored. Soluble dietary fiber (SDF)prepared from waste byproducts of by alkaline hydrolysis method for the first time had a wrinkled microscopic surface and low crystallinity, which not only significantly reduced liver index, serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine amiotransferase (ALT), and liver fat accumulation damage to the livers of obese diabetic mice, but also activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to increase liver glycogen synthesis and glycolysis.

Synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation of naproxen-probenecid conjugate for central nervous system (CNS) delivery.

Naproxen, known as the most potent non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, is vitally crucial in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. However, due to the poor brain penetration ability, it causes serious adverse effects with the therapeutic doses. Predictably, these unfavorable factors have hindered its further application.

The complete mitochondrial genome of (loisel.) P.M. Peterson & Saarela (Poaceae) and phylogenetic analysis.

The complete mitochondrial genome of was a circular molecule of 566,328 bp in length and encoded 64 genes, including 35 protein-coding genes, 24 tRNA genes, and 5 rRNA genes. The most common initiated codon was ATG and the most common termination codon was CAT. The overall A + T content was 55.

Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of the M211 from Antarctica.

The complete mitochondrial genome of M211, sequenced using Illumina NovaSeq PE150, was 99864 bp in length. It encoded 65 genes, comprising 38 protein-coding genes, 24 tRNA genes and 3 ribosomal RNA genes. For these 38 PCGs, the most common start codon was ATG and the most common termination codon was TAA.

[Overview and prospects of traditional Chinese medicine blending technology oriented by quality consistency].

The consistency of drug quality is related to the clinical efficacy and safety,which is highly valued by the government and relevant industries. Compared with chemical medicine,traditional Chinese medicine originates from the nature,and is greatly influenced by natural factors,such as the place of origin,cultivation and processing technology,climate. The quality consistency of traditional Chinese medicine is poor.

Dual-targeting delivery system for bone cancer: synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation.

Chemotherapy in treatment of malignant tumors has many side effects due to the poor physiochemical properties and the toxicity to normal tissues. The dual-targeting drug delivery system combining two high-affinity ligands can target anticancer drug primary to the diseased tissue, then to the tumor, which provides both greater efficacy of treatment and less harm to normal tissues. In this paper, a novel dual-targeting moiety RGD(7) (R-G-D-D-D-D-D-D-D; Nonapeptide for bone cancer combining D(6) peptide as bone target moiety and RGD peptide as tumors target moiety was contracted.