Epigallocatechin gallate enhances human lens epithelial cell survival after UVB irradiation via the mitochondrial signaling pathway.

The aim of the present study was to explore the mechanism underlying the ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation‑induced apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells (HLECs), and to investigate the protective effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) against the UVB‑induced apoptosis of HLECs. HLECs were exposed to different concentrations of EGCG plus UVB (30 mJ/cm). Cell viability was determined using the MTT assay.

Metabolic profile analysis of free amino acids in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis rat plasma.

Aim: To determine the differences of amino acid (AA) levels in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU).

Methods: AA analysis of the plasma samples in EAU rats induced by interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein emulsion were performed with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and phenylisothiocyanate (PITC) pre-column derivation methods were performed. Using partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), the potential biomarkers were identified in EAU rat plasma, and the metabolic pathways related to EAU were further analyzed.

Evaluation of controlled-release triamcinolone acetonide-loaded mPEG-PLGA nanoparticles in treating experimental autoimmune uveitis.

Uveitis is a recurrent, sight-threatening intraocular inflammatory disease and is treated with glucocorticoids in clinical practice. In the present study, methoxypoly(ethyleneglycol)-poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolic acid) (mPEG-PLGA) nanoparticles in combination with triamcinolone acetonide (TA) were fabricated using a modified double emulsification method. Further, we characterized the TA-loaded nanoparticles, and investigated the effects of TA-loaded nanoparticles on experimental autoimmune uveitis rats, including histopathological examination and the alterations in interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-10 at mRNA and protein levels in either aqueous humor or serum.

Alterations of Glutamate and γ-Aminobutyric Acid Expressions in Normal and Myopic Eye Development in Guinea Pigs.

Purpose: The retina has an important role in the signal transmission related to eye development and myopia. Glutamate (Glu) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are the major excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in the retina, which can affect the development of both the eye and myopia. Nevertheless, change in the balance between the excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters still is unclear during development of eyes and myopia.

GABA and GABA receptors alterations in the primary visual cortex of concave lens-induced myopic model.

Until recently most researches on myopia mechanisms have mainly been focused on the eye ball and few investigations were explored on the upper visual pathway, such as the visual cortex. The roles of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the retinal and in the upper visual pathway are inter-correlated. As the retinal glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), GABA, and the mRNA levels of GABA receptors increased during the concave lens induced myopia formation, however, whether GABA alterations also occurred in the visual cortex during the concave lens induction is still unknown.

Immunomodulatory effects of Longdan Xiegan Tang on CD4+/CD8+ T cells and associated inflammatory cytokines in rats with experimental autoimmune uveitis.

Longdan Xiegan Tang (LXT) is a mixture of herbal extracts commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine that may exert immunomodulatory effects for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. However, the detailed mechanisms that mediate the actions of LXT are unclear. The present study induced an experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) model in Lewis rats via injection of IRBP1177‑1191 emulsion.

Imbalance Between Th17 Cells and Regulatory T Cells During Monophasic Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis.

The aim of this study is to explore the dynamic changes in IL-17-expressing T cells (Th17)/Treg expression in monophasic experimental autoimmune uveitis (mEAU). mEAU was induced in Lewis rats with IRBP1177-1191 peptide and evaluated clinically and pathologically on days 9, 13, 18, 23, 28, 35, and 48. Lymphocytes isolated from inguinal lymph nodes were subjected to flow cytometry to analyze the frequency of Th17/Treg cells.

Influence of Yanyankang Powder on Th1/Th2 in rats with experimental autoimmune uveitis.

Objective: To study the influence of Yanyankang powder on Th1/Th2 in rats with experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU).

Methods: The EAU models were induced in Lewis rats by immunization with interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein (IRBP) 1177-1191 in complete Freund's adjuvant. The rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: a model control group, a Yanyankang group, and a prednisone group, 9 rats in each group.

Orthokeratology for myopia control: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: To conduct a meta-analysis on the effects of orthokeratology in slowing myopia progression.

Methods: A literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Methodological quality of the literature was evaluated according to the Jadad score.

Protective effect of tea polyphenol ophthalmic gel on lens epithelial cells in rabbits with silicone oil tamponade after vitrectomy.

Purpose. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of tea polyphenols (TP) ophthalmic gel on lens epithelial cells (LECs) in rabbits with silicone oil tamponade after vitrectomy. Methods.

Combination of ranibizumab with photodynamic therapy vs ranibizumab monotherapy in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety of combination of ranibizumab with photodynamic therapy (PDT) vs ranibizumab monotherapy in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) in the Cochrane Library, Pubmed, and Embase were searched. There were no language or data restrictions in the search for trials.

Plasma metabonomics study of the patients with acute anterior uveitis based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Background: The identification of the biomarkers of patients with acute anterior uveitis (AAU) may allow for a less invasive and more accurate diagnosis, as well as serving as a predictor in AAU progression and treatment response. The aim of this study was to identify the potential biomarkers and the metabolic pathways from plasma in patients with AAU.

Methods: Both plasma metabolic biomarkers and metabolic pathways in the AAU patients versus healthy volunteers were investigated using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and a metabonomics approach.

Preparation and evaluation of sinomenine hydrochloride in situ gel for uveitis treatment.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to develop and optimize sinomenine hydrochloride (SIN) in situ gel for uveitis treatment.

Methods: Carbopol 940 was used as the gelling agent in combination with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), which acts as a viscosity enhancer. The formulations were prepared using various concentrations of Carbopol 940 and HPMC.

Natural borneol enhances geniposide ophthalmic absorption in rabbits.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of natural borneol (NB) on the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of ophthalmic administered geniposide (Ge) in rabbits. In vitro permeability characteristics of Ge in excised rabbit corneas were evaluated using Franz-type cells. The effect of NB on Ge pharmacokinetic profiles in vivo was studied with microdialysis.