Noninvasive ROS imaging and drug delivery monitoring in the tumor microenvironment.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are overproduced in certain tumors can be considered an indicator of oxidative stress levels in the tissue. Here, we report a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based probe capable of detecting ROS levels in the tumor microenvironment (TME) using ROS-responsive manganese ion (Mn)-chelated, biotinylated bilirubin nanoparticles (Mn@bt-BRNPs). These nanoparticles are disrupted in the presence of ROS, resulting in the release of free Mn, which induces T1-weighted MRI signal enhancement.

Trajectories of Body Mass Index and Their Associations with Mortality among Older Adults in Korea: Analysis of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging.

Background: Weight change is a known risk factor for mortality. Previous Korean studies only considered mortality consequences of weight change between two time points over relatively short periods. This study investigated whether body mass index (BMI) trajectory patterns were associated with all cause-mortality based on continuous BMI observations during a 10-year follow-up period among Korean older adults.

Trajectories of Handgrip Strength and Their Associations with Mortality among Older Adults in Korea: Analysis of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging.

Background: Handgrip strength (HGS) is a good predictor of adverse health outcomes in later life. This prospective study aimed to investigate whether HGS trajectory patterns were associated with all-cause mortality among older adults in Korea.

Methods: This study used the database of the 2006-2016 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging.

Anti-fracture Efficacy of Monthly Risedronate Compared with That of Weekly Risedronate in Postmenopausal Korean Women with Osteoporosis: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Intermittent dosing regimens for oral risedronate (once-monthly and once-weekly) were developed for patient convenience. While several studies have reported the anti-fracture efficacy of weekly dosing, few have assessed monthly dosing. The lower efficacy of monthly dosing has been previously suggested.

Fear of Falling and Mortality among Older Adults in Korea: Analysis of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging.

Background: The fear of falling (FOF) has been reported in a high percentage of elderly people. An excessive FOF is a major concern among the elderly because it can lead to permanent disability. However, the impact of FOF on mortality has been insufficiently studied.

Comparison of the efficacy between once-monthly oral ibandronate and risedronate among Korean women with osteoporosis: a nationwide population-based study.

Unlabelled: Using a nationwide database from the Korean National Health Insurance Service, this study showed that once-monthly oral ibandronate (150 mg) had better anti-fracture efficacy than once-monthly oral risedronate (150 mg), as seen on assessing overall and non-vertebral fractures among Korean elderly women with osteoporosis.

Introduction: Once-monthly oral bisphosphonates have been used widely without appropriate comparison. Therefore, we aimed to compare the anti-fracture efficacy of once-monthly ibandronate (150 mg) and once-monthly risedronate (150 mg).

The Relationship between Handgrip Strength and Cognitive Function in Elderly Koreans over 8 Years: A Prospective Population-Based Study Using Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing.

Background: Decreased physical performance, such as weakened handgrip strength and cognitive decline, is associated with disability and premature death in old age. We investigated the association between handgrip strength and cognitive impairment in Korean elderly adults with normal cognitive function.

Methods: This prospective study used the database from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing.

The effect of magnesium sulfate concentration on the effective concentration of rocuronium, and sugammadex-mediated reversal, in isolated left phrenic nerve hemi-diaphragm preparations from the rat.

Background: Perioperative magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is used for analgesic, anti-arrhythmic, and obstetric purposes. The effects of MgSO4 on the neuromuscular blockade (NMB) induced by rocuronium, and the sugammadex reversal thereof, have not been clearly quantified. We investigated the effect of various MgSO4 concentrations on the NMB by rocuronium, and sugammadex reversal, in isolated left phrenic nerve hemi-diaphragm (PNHD) preparations from the rat.

Effect of Fenofibrate Medication on Renal Function.

Background: Fibrates are widely used to treat hypertriglyceridemia, a risk factor for arteriosclerosis, but these compounds have been associated with renal dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate the effects of fibrates on renal function in relatively healthy adult subjects with no cardiovascular diseases.

Methods: This retrospective study included 558 outpatients who were prescribed 160 mg fenofibrate (fenofibrate group) or 10 mg atorvastatin (control group) between August 2007 and October 2015.

Effect of an epinephrine mixture for interscalene block on hemodynamic changes after the beach chair position under general anesthesia: a retrospective study.

Background: The beach chair position (BCP) can cause significant hypotension. Epinephrine is used to prolong the duration of local anesthetics; it is also absorbed into blood and can exert systemic effects. This study determined the effects of epinephrine mixed with ropivacaine for an interscalene block (ISB) on hemodynamic changes related to BCP.

Knowledge, Current Status, and Barriers toward Healthcare Worker Vaccination among Family Medicine Resident Participants in a Web-Based Survey in Korea.

Background: We investigated the knowledge, status, and barriers toward healthcare workers receiving vaccinations among Korean family medicine residents. To date, a systematic study has not been conducted among medical practitioners examining these variables.

Methods: A web-based, anonymous, self-administered questionnaire was distributed to all 942 family medicine residents working in 123 training hospitals in Korea.

Effects of nicardipine on the onset time and intubation conditions of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade.

Study Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the effects of nicardipine on neuromuscular blockade of rocuronium, such as the onset time and intubation conditions, using a nicardipine dose that attenuates cardiovascular responses during endotracheal intubation.

Design: Randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical comparison was used as the design of this study

Setting: The study was conducted at the operating room of a university hospital.

Patients: Participants of this study comprise 78 American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status 1 and 2 patients, aged 18 to 60 years who were undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia.

Association Between Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke at the Workplace and Risk for Developing a Colorectal Adenoma: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: A colorectal adenoma (CRA) is a well-defined precursor to colorectal cancer (CRC). Additionally, smoking is a potent risk factor for developing a CRA, as well as CRC. However, the association between exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and the risk for developing a CRA has not yet been fully evaluated in epidemiologic studies.

2-Sulfonamidopyridine C-region analogs of 2-(3-fluoro-4-methylsulfonamidophenyl)propanamides as potent TRPV1 antagonists.

A series of 2-sulfonamidopyridine C-region derivatives of 2-(3-fluoro-4-methylsulfonamidophenyl)propanamide were investigated as hTRPV1 ligands. Systematic modification on the 2-sulfonamido group provided highly potent TRPV1 antagonists. The N-benzyl phenylsulfonamide derivatives 12 and 23 in particular showed higher affinities than that of lead compound 1.