Publications by authors named "Jungmin Choi"

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with increased risks of adverse events including stroke and all-cause death. Understanding the pattern of causes of death (COD) with the relative risks in patients with AF compared to the non-AF population is essential in planning optimal care for patients with AF. We aimed to analyze the COD and its relative risks in patients with AF, using a nationwide population-based cohort.

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Rare diseases, though individually uncommon, collectively affect millions worldwide. Genomic technologies and big data analytics have revolutionized diagnosing and understanding these conditions. This review explores the role of genomics in rare disease research, the impact of large consortium initiatives, advancements in extensive data analysis, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), and the therapeutic implications in precision medicine.

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Background And Objectives: Evidence remains limited on the real-world prescription of very low-dose oral anticoagulation among frail patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). We described the practice patterns, effectiveness, and safety of very low-dose edoxaban (15 mg once daily).

Methods: Patients with AF prescribed edoxaban 15 mg once daily in 2 tertiary hospitals between 2016 and September 2022 were included.

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Despite the established use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), only a subset of patients benefit from treatment and ∼50% of patients whose tumors respond eventually develop acquired resistance (AR). To identify novel drivers of AR, we generated murine Msh2 knock-out (KO) lung tumors that initially responded but eventually developed AR to anti-PD-1, alone or in combination with anti-CTLA-4. Resistant tumors harbored decreased infiltrating T cells and reduced cancer cell-intrinsic MHC-I and MHC-II levels, yet remained responsive to IFNγ.

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Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Paneth cells provide stem cell niche factors in homeostatic conditions, but the underlying mechanisms of cancer stem cell niche development are unclear. Here, we report that Dickkopf-2 (DKK2) is essential for the generation of cancer cells with Paneth cell properties during colon cancer metastasis.

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Background And Objectives: SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 3 (Shank3) proteins play crucial roles as neuronal postsynaptic scaffolds. Alongside neuropsychiatric symptoms, individuals with mutations often exhibit symptoms related to dysfunctions in other organs, including the heart. However, detailed insights into the cardiac functions of Shank3 remain limited.

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Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) may have different clinical features in its early phase.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics and clinical outcomes of early-phase AF with later-phase AF using a large multicenter prospective registry (CODE-AF [COmparison study of Drugs for symptom control and complication prEvention of Atrial Fibrillation]).

Methods: Patients enrolled between June 2016 and March 2021 were divided into 2 groups based on AF duration: (1) newly diagnosed (AF duration ≤90 days); and (2) previously diagnosed (AF duration >90 days).

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Background: Survival rates following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) show variability across studies, particularly regarding sex-specific outcomes. Relative survival analysis, which considers survival patterns in sex-and age-matched general populations, could help explain this variability.

Methods: In a 2011 nationwide South Korean PCI cohort study with 48,783 patients, all-cause death was assessed as the primary outcome over 5 years.

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Public reactions to algorithmic decisions often diverge. While high-profile media coverage suggests that the use of AI in organizational decision-making is viewed as unfair and received negatively, recent survey results suggest that such use of AI is perceived as fair and received positively. Drawing on fairness heuristic theory, the current research reconciles this apparent contradiction by examining the roles of decision outcome and fairness perception on individuals' attitudinal (Studies 1-3, 5) and behavioral (Study 4) reactions to algorithmic (vs.

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Article Synopsis
  • Lineage plasticity in cancer affects treatment effectiveness, and this study presents a new in vivo method to explore neuroendocrine lineage changes in prostate cancer progression.* -
  • Researchers found that mouse prostate organoids with specific mutations form aggressive neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) when Rb1 is deleted, but only in the right in vivo environment, unlike traditional organoid cultures.* -
  • The study shows that ASCL1 cells originate from KRT8 luminal cells and that losing Ascl1 in NEPC leads to temporary regression but later recurrence; however, deleting it before transplantation prevents lineage changes and results in more treatable adenocarcinomas.*
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Objectives: We aimed to identify predictive markers for metachronous gastric cancer (MGC) in early gastric cancer (EGC) patients curatively treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).

Materials And Methods: From EGC patients who underwent ESD, bulk RNA sequencing was performed on non-cancerous gastric mucosa samples at the time of initial EGC diagnosis. This included 23 patients who developed MGC, and 23 control patients without additional gastric neoplasms for over 3 years (1:1 matched by age, sex, and Helicobacter pylori infection state).

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Aims: To investigate plasma apixaban concentrations and thrombin generation assay (TGA) parameters across different apixaban doses in atrial fibrillation patients who had dose-reduction criteria for apixaban.

Methods: This observational study included 374 patients (mean age 75.6 ± 7.

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We investigated the long-term patterns and effects of transfusion on the clinical outcome of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using a nationwide registry. Five-year clinical outcome of all Koreans undergoing PCI using stent in year 2011 (n = 48,786) was investigated. Primary outcome was the incidence density of transfusion.

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In eukaryotes, RNA splicing, an essential biological process, is crucial for precise gene expression. Inaccurate RNA splicing can cause aberrant mRNA production, disrupting protein synthesis. To regulate splicing efficiency, some splicing factors are reported to undergo Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO)ylation.

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Genetically, Listeria monocytogenes is closely related to non-L. monocytogenes (L. innocua, L.

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Article Synopsis
  • Targeting cell surface molecules with therapies like radioligands and antibodies has been effective in treating various cancers, but the impact of lineage plasticity on these markers is still poorly understood.
  • A specific example of lineage plasticity is the transformation of prostate adenocarcinoma to neuroendocrine prostate cancer, which poses significant treatment challenges and worsens patient survival rates.
  • Research using advanced single-cell analyses and large tumor sample studies revealed significant phenotypic variability and shared gene-regulatory networks between NEPC and small cell lung cancer, raising concerns about the effectiveness of current therapies while suggesting potential for better patient selection in clinical trials.
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Background: Data on off-label reduced dose risk among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who qualify for a single-dose reduction of apixaban is scarce.

Objectives: We prospectively assessed apixaban dosing and clinical characteristics in AF patients meeting a dose reduction criterion.

Methods: The multicentre, prospective cohort study, the efficAcy and Safety of aPixaban In REal-world practice in Korean frail patients with AF (ASPIRE), encompasses patients with AF who met the criteria for a single-dose reduction of apixaban and were given varying doses of apixaban, either the on-label standard dose or the off-label reduced dose.

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Article Synopsis
  • Renal function is essential in determining the appropriate dosage of oral anticoagulants for atrial fibrillation patients and is linked to stroke and bleeding risks.
  • The study analyzed 5,126 AF patients with marginal renal function over two years, categorizing them into maintained, improved, and worsened renal function groups based on eGFR changes.
  • Results indicated that patients with worsening renal function faced significantly higher risks of major bleeding, end-stage renal disease, all-cause mortality, and overall adverse clinical outcomes compared to those who maintained their renal function.
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Background: Patients with hypertension are at a high risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). Recent research has indicated the varying effects of antihypertensive medications on developing AF.

Objectives: We investigated the relationship between different types of antihypertensive medications and the risk of AF occurrence.

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The function of peripheral nociceptors, the neurons that relay pain signals to the brain, are frequently tuned by local and systemic modulator substances. In this context, neurohormonal effects are emerging as an important modulatory mechanism, but many aspects remain to be elucidated. Here we report that gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), a brain-specific neurohormone, can aggravate pain by acting on nociceptors in mice.

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Article Synopsis
  • GGC repeat expansions are linked to various progressive neurological disorders, specifically neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID), prompting a study on their prevalence and clinical features in Koreans.
  • The research involved two cohorts: one from Seoul National University Hospital where patients with specific MRI signs underwent genetic testing, and another from the Korea Biobank that analyzed whole-genome data from nearly 4,000 individuals for repeat counts.
  • Findings revealed that 17.8% of the SNUH cohort had NIID, and the Korea Biobank analysis identified potential NIID patients, highlighting the relationship between repeat count variations and disease symptoms in a Korean population.
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Background: While treatment interruption of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) for elective surgery or procedures among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is becoming more prevalent, there remains insufficient evidence regarding the optimal perioperative management of NOACs, particularly procedures with minor bleeding risks.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a simplified, standardized protocol for perioperative management of direct factor Xa inhibitors in patients, with AF undergoing procedures associated with minor bleeding risk.

Methods: This multicenter, prospective single-arm registry study plans to enroll patients undergoing procedures with minor bleeding risk who were prescribed direct factor Xa inhibitors for AF.

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Background: The association between alcohol consumption and the risk of sudden cardiac death and/or fatal ventricular arrhythmia remains controversial.

Objective: We analyzed the association between alcohol consumption, genetic traits for alcohol metabolism, and the risk of sudden cardiac death and/or fatal ventricular arrhythmia.

Methods: We identified 397,164 individuals enrolled between 2006 and 2010 from the UK Biobank database and followed them until 2021.

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Background: Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation 2 (SCORE2) and SCORE2-Older Persons (OP) models have been proposed as new cardiovascular risk evaluation tools.

Objectives: This study evaluated the performance of SCORE/SCORE-OP and SCORE2/SCORE2-OP in the East Asian population by using population-based cohort data from the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) Health Screening Cohort of Korea.

Methods: A total of 324,384 NHIS examinees from 2004 to 2005 were divided into 5 age groups: 40-49 years, 50-59 years, 60-69 years,70-79 years, and more than 80 years.

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Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Paneth cells provide stem cell niche factors in homeostatic conditions, but the underlying mechanisms of cancer stem cell niche development are unclear. Here we report that Dickkopf-2 (DKK2) is essential for the generation of cancer cells with Paneth cell properties during colon cancer metastasis.

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Synopsis of recent research by authors named "Jungmin Choi"

  • - Jungmin Choi's recent research primarily focuses on atrial fibrillation (AF), investigating patient characteristics, treatment outcomes, and the effects of various medications and health conditions on AF dynamics and patient survival rates.
  • - Choi's studies also explore the interplay of cancer mechanisms, particularly in prostate and neuroendocrine cancers, detailing lineage transformation processes and implications for therapeutic approaches, indicating a growing interest in the molecular underpinnings of cancer progression.
  • - Additionally, the author addresses public perception of artificial intelligence in decision-making and its effects on fairness and reactions, alongside exploring socio-demographic factors influencing health outcomes, showcasing a multidisciplinary approach in recent publications.