PD-1 signaling negatively regulates the common cytokine receptor γ chain via MARCH5-mediated ubiquitination and degradation to suppress anti-tumor immunity.

Combination therapy with PD-1 blockade and IL-2 substantially improves anti-tumor efficacy comparing to monotherapy. The underlying mechanisms responsible for the synergistic effects of the combination therapy remain enigmatic. Here we show that PD-1 ligation results in BATF-dependent transcriptional induction of the membrane-associated E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCH5, which mediates K27-linked polyubiquitination and lysosomal degradation of the common cytokine receptor γ chain (γ).

Cofilin-1, peroxiredoxin-1, and galectin-3: Major proteins released by macrophages infected with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis.

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, a broad host-spectrum zoonotic pathogen, causes caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) in small ruminants and is responsible for considerable economic losses in the livestock industry worldwide. Macrophages play a pivotal role in the immunopathogenesis of CLA. However, the immunoregulatory mechanisms of macrophages against C.

Molecular epidemiology and risk factors of Anaplasma spp., Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. infection in cattle in Chongqing, China.

Tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) seriously affect cattle production and can be economically damaging. The epidemiology of these organisms in the Chongqing municipality of China is not well described. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of TBPs including Anaplasma spp.