Security Comparison of Various Surgical Knots Using Nylon Suture.

Objective: To evaluate the strengths of various surgical knot techniques, including square knot, surgeon's knot, granny knot, and random knot with the same three throws.

Methods: The authors tested each of the four knot techniques using four different gauges of nylon (polyamide [Ethicon]): 4-0, 5-0, 6-0, and 7-0. Each knot type was tested 20 times per nylon gauge, for a total of 320 knots tested.

An Anatomical Study of the Palmaris Brevis, Transverse Carpal Ligament, and the Recurrent Motor Branch of the Median Nerve.

The anatomical structures in relation to the carpal tunnel release are the palmaris brevis muscle (PBM), transverse carpal ligament (TCL), and the recurrent motor branch of the median nerve (RMBMN). Our aim is to describe the gross morphology in the Korean population of the PBM, TCL, and RMBMN specifically looking for anomalies, and to determine the muscles encountered during a standard carpal tunnel release. A total of 30 cadaveric hands were dissected.

Versatility of the Posterior Interosseous Artery Flap: Emphasis on Powering Up the Toe Transfer.

Background: Reverse-flow posterior interosseous artery (rPIA) flap is an excellent tool for restoration of defects in the hand and upper extremity, sparing the main arteries to the hand. Its reliability has been well established.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-one cases of rPIA flap involving 49 patients were retrospectively reviewed.