Associations of mediterranean diet score and age-related macular degeneration in Korean elderly.

Background: Previous studies have reported associations between individual nutrients or specific foods and the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, the relationship between overall dietary quality, specifically the alternative Mediterranean diet (aMED) score, and AMD remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between the aMED score, as an indicator of overall diet quality, and AMD in the Korean population.

Damage-Free Plasma Source for Atomic-Scale Processing.

As atomic-scale etching and deposition processes become necessary for manufacturing logic and memory devices at the sub-5 nm node, the limitations of conventional plasma technology are becoming evident. For atomic-scale processes, precise critical dimension control at the sub-1 nm scale without plasma-induced damage and high selectivity between layers are required. In this paper, a plasma with very low electron temperature is applied for damage-free processing on the atomic scale.

A Rat Model for Oral Mucositis Induced by a Single Administration of 5-Fluorouracil.

Background/aim: This study aimed to develop a reliable chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (CIOM) rat model by intraperitoneally administering a single dosage of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) combined with a chemical stimulus.

Materials And Methods: The 5-FU dosage for CIOM development was determined by the survival rate of rats administrated 160 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 240 mg/kg of 5-FU. Thirty rats were assigned to normal control (NC) and three experimental groups: i) ulcer formation without 5-FU administration (PBS/U+), ii) 5-FU administration without ulcer formation (5-FU/U-), and iii) ulcer formation after 5-FU administration (5-FU/U+).

Detection and differentiation of ataxic and hypokinetic dysarthria in cerebellar ataxia and parkinsonian disorders via wave splitting and integrating neural networks.

Dysarthria may present during the natural course of many degenerative neurological conditions. Hypokinetic and ataxic dysarthria are common in movement disorders and represent the underlying neuropathology. We developed an artificial intelligence (AI) model to distinguish ataxic dysarthria and hypokinetic dysarthria from normal speech and differentiate ataxic and hypokinetic speech in parkinsonian diseases and cerebellar ataxia.

The new perspective of PET/CT for axillary nodal staging in early breast cancer patients according to ACOSOG Z0011 trial PET/CT axillary staging according to Z0011.

Objective: Post Z0011 trial, axillary lymph node dissections (ALNDs) can be performed in patients with ≥3 positive axillary lymph nodes (ALNs). We investigated the diagnostic performance of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) to predict ≥3 metastasis [high nodal burden (HNB)].

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed preoperative FDG PET/CT from January 2010 to June 2012.

Prospective, Randomized, Comparative, Multicenter Study of the Hybrid Ultrasonic Advanced Bipolar Device and the Ultrasonic Coagulating Shears in Open Thyroidectomy.

The hybrid ultrasonic advanced bipolar device (HUB) that integrates ultrasonic energy and advanced bipolar energy was recently developed and applied to thyroid surgery. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of HUB and ultrasonic coagulating shears for open thyroidectomy. A total of 200 patients were enrolled from April to September 2017 in this prospective, randomized, multicenter study.

Capturing activated neurons and synapses.

An important yet very challenging goal of neuroscience is to understand how brain activity drives cognition and behavior. Many useful tools have been developed to study neurons and synapses, the fundamental units of brain activity. Here, we review recently developed methods to visualize and manipulate active neurons and synapses, providing useful and compelling information about functional neuronal circuitry.

The prognostic significance of preoperative tumor marker (CEA, CA15-3) elevation in breast cancer patients: data from the Korean Breast Cancer Society Registry.

Purpose: Tumor markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) are widely used for monitoring breast cancer. However, the prognostic efficacy of preoperative elevations of CEA and CA15-3 levels in breast cancer patients remains controversial.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological parameters of 149,238 patients in the Korean Breast Cancer Society Registry Database who underwent surgery between January 2000 and December 2015.

Prognostic Significance of Residual Axillary Nodal Micrometastases and Isolated Tumor Cells After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer.

Background: The prognostic significance of low-volume residual nodal disease following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is unknown.

Methods: Women with cT1-4N0-1 breast cancer treated with NAC were identified from Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center (DFBWCC) and the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) estimates according to pathologic nodal status were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, with Cox proportional hazards regression used to assess the effect of clinical variables on survival outcomes.

Activity-Regulated Cytoskeleton-Associated Protein (Arc/Arg3.1) is Transiently Expressed after Heat Shock Stress and Suppresses Heat Shock Factor 1.

Heat shock proteins are induced by activation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) in response to heat shock and protect against heat stress. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the downstream signal of heat shock have not been fully elucidated. We found that similarly to canonical Hsps, Arc/Arg3.

Correction to: Margins in Breast-Conserving Surgery After Neoadjuvant Therapy.

In the original article, there is an error in Jungeun Choi's affiliation. It is corrected as reflected here.

Margins in Breast-Conserving Surgery After Neoadjuvant Therapy.

Background: Optimal margin width for breast-conserving therapy (BCT) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is unknown. We sought to determine the impact of margin width on local recurrence and survival after NAC and BCT.

Methods: Patients treated with NAC and BCT for stage I-III breast cancer from 2002 to 2014 were identified.

Small molecule activator of Nm23/NDPK as an inhibitor of metastasis.

Nm23-H1/NDPK-A is a tumor metastasis suppressor having NDP kinase (NDPK) activity. Nm23-H1 is positively associated with prolonged disease-free survival and good prognosis of cancer patients. Approaches to increasing the cellular levels of Nm23-H1 therefore have significance in the therapy of metastatic cancers.

Proteomic Analysis of Hippocampus in a Mouse Model of Depression Reveals Neuroprotective Function of Ubiquitin C-terminal Hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) via Stress-induced Cysteine Oxidative Modifications.

Chronic physical restraint stress increases oxidative stress in the brain, and dysregulation of oxidative stress can be one of the causes of major depressive disorder. To understand the underlying mechanisms, we undertook a systematic proteomic analysis of hippocampus in a chronic restraint stress mouse model of depression. Combining two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) for protein separation with nanoUPLC-ESI-q-TOF tandem mass spectrometry, we identified sixty-three protein spots that changed in the hippocampus of mice subjected to chronic restraint stress.

Dysregulation of Telomere Lengths and Telomerase Activity in Myelodysplastic Syndrome.

Background: Telomere shortening is thought to be involved in the pathophysiology of myeloid malignancies, but telomere lengths (TL) during interphase and metaphase in hematopoietic malignancies have not been analyzed. We aimed to assess the TLs of interphase and metaphase cells of MDS and telomerase activity (TA) and to find out prognostic significances of TL and TA.

Methods: The prognostic significance of TA by quantitative PCR and TL by quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (QFISH) of interphase nuclei and metaphase chromosome arms of bone marrow cells from patients with MDS were evaluated.

Effects of Kinesio taping on joint position sense of the ankle.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Kinesio taping on the joint position sense of the ankle. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects of this study were 26 nomal adults who had experienced ankle sprain. Kinesio taping was applied over the ankle medial ligament and ankle lateral ligament with eight pattern reinforcement taping.

Bidirectional signaling between TM4SF5 and IGF1R promotes resistance to EGFR kinase inhibitors.

Objectives: The membrane glycoprotein TM4SF5 (transmembrane 4 L6 family member 5), which is similar to the tetraspanins, is highly expressed in different cancers and causes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). TM4SF5 interacts with other membrane proteins during its pro-tumorigenic roles, presumably at tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TEMs/TERMs). Here, we explored TM4SF5-mediated resistance against the clinically important EGFR kinase inhibitors, with regards to cooperation with other membrane proteins, particularly the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R).

Noncanonical roles of membranous lysyl-tRNA synthetase in transducing cell-substrate signaling for invasive dissemination of colon cancer spheroids in 3D collagen I gels.

The adhesion properties of cells are involved in tumor metastasis. Although KRS at the plasma membrane is shown important for cancer metastasis, additionally to canonical roles of cytosolic KRS in protein translation, how KRS and its downstream effectors promote the metastatic migration remains unexplored. Disseminative behaviors (an earlier metastatic process) of colon cancer cell spheroids embedded in 3D collagen gels were studied with regards to cell adhesion properties, and relevance in KRS(-/+) knocked-down animal and clinical colon cancer tissues.

Interaction of tetraspan(in) TM4SF5 with CD44 promotes self-renewal and circulating capacities of hepatocarcinoma cells.

Unlabelled: Tumor metastasis involves circulating and tumor-initiating capacities of metastatic cancer cells. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is related to self-renewal capacity and circulating tumor cell (CTC) characteristics for tumor metastasis. Although tumor metastasis is a life-threatening, complicated process that occurs through circulation of tumor cells, mechanistic aspects of self-renewal and circulating capacities have been largely unknown.

Adult multisystem langerhans cell histiocytosis presenting with central diabetes insipidus successfully treated with chemotherapy.

We report the rare case of an adult who was diagnosed with recurrent multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) involving the pituitary stalk and lung who present with central diabetes insipidus and was successfully treated with systemic steroids and chemotherapy. A 49-year-old man visited our hospital due to symptoms of polydipsia and polyuria that started 1 month prior. Two years prior to presentation, he underwent excision of right 6th and 7th rib lesions for the osteolytic lesion and chest pain, which were later confirmed to be LCH on pathology.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the Antarctic bullhead notothen, Notothenia coriiceps (Perciformes, Nototheniidae).

The complete sequence of the mitochondrial genome of Notothenia coriiceps was obtained by genome assembly. The complete sequence was determined to be 18,347 base pairs in length and to contain 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 2 control regions. Of the thirteen protein-coding genes, two genes (cox1 and atp6) had GTG start codons, and six genes (nad2, cox2, cox3, nad3, nad4, and cytb) had incomplete stop codons that require the post-transcriptional addition of A bases.

Correlations between transmembrane 4 L6 family member 5 (TM4SF5), CD151, and CD63 in liver fibrotic phenotypes and hepatic migration and invasive capacities.

Transmembrane 4 L6 family member 5 (TM4SF5) is overexpressed during CCl4-mediated murine liver fibrosis and in human hepatocellular carcinomas. The tetraspanins form tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TEMs) consisting of large membrane protein complexes on the cell surface. Thus, TM4SF5 may be involved in the signal coordination that controls liver malignancy.

Oral administration of SSC201, a medicinal herbal formula, suppresses atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, which requires safe and effective treatment. In this study, we evaluated the effects of SSC201, a herbal formulation consisting of Stemonae Radix, Spirodelae Herba, and Cnidii Fructus, on the development of AD induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene in the NC/Nga murine model. Oral administration of SSC201 significantly reduced the severity of dermatitis and the tendency of mice to scratch their lesions.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the Antarctic icefish, Chaenocephalus aceratus (Perciforms, Channichthyidae).

The complete sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the Antarctic icefish Chaenocephalus aceratus was determined to be 17311 bp in length, and to contain 13 protein coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes and 2 rRNA genes. The total A+T content is 52.8%.