Influence of Polymorphism on the Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Characteristics of Carvedilol in Healthy Korean Volunteers.

Background: Carvedilol is commonly used to treat hypertension as a β- and α-adrenoreceptor blocker, but it is metabolized by and allele is dominant in Asian population. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) characteristics of carvedilol in healthy Korean volunteers.

Methods: A PK/PD study for a single and multiple dosing of carvedilol were conducted.

[Evaluation and application of the Korean version of the sexuality attitudes and beliefs survey for nurses].

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the Sexuality Attitudes and Beliefs Survey (SABS) and to assess SABS for Korean nurses.

Methods: The Korean version of SABS was developed through forward-backward translation techniques. Internal consistency reliability and construct validity using confirmatory factor analysis were conducted using PASW+ PC Win (18.

[Effects of antenatal depression and antenatal characteristics of pregnant women on birth outcomes: a prospective cohort study].

Purpose: This study was done to evaluate the effects of antenatal depression on birth outcomes.

Methods: The participants were 255 pregnant women who were followed in a prospective study. Of these, 197 cases were examined included birth weight, Apgar scores at 5 minute, premature contraction, complication of labor, delivery types and laboratory data.

Relating Factors in Pap Smears by Stages of Change among Married Nurses.

Purpose: This study was to examine the differences in health belief variables and HPV (Human Papillomavirus) knowledge in Pap smears according to the stages of change using Trans-theoretical Model (TTM) among married nurses.

Methods: The research design was a cross sectional survey. Participants were 387 married nurses working in general hospital located metropolitan city.

Influencing Factors on Antenatal Depression.

Purpose: This study examined the influencing factors on antenatal depression among pregnant women.

Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study with 255 pregnant women who visited a general hospital in a metropolitan city for their regularly scheduled check-up. Measurement tools employed were the Korean version of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the food habits, and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).

Expression of thioredoxin during progression of hamster and human cholangiocarcinoma.

Thioredoxin (Trx) is a multifunctional redox protein that has growth-promoting and anti-apoptotic effects on cells and protects cells from endogenous and exogenous free radicals. Recently, altered expression of Trx has been reported in various cancers. In the present study, we investigated altered expression of Trx at the precancerous and carcinogenic phases during cholangiocarcinogenesis in a hamster cholangiocarcinoma (ChC) model, using semiquantitative immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses.

[Development and application of a feeding program for infants postoperatively following cardiac surgery].

Purpose: Despite recent advances in the surgical and postoperative management of infants with congenital heart disease, nutritional support for this population is often suboptimal. The purpose of this study was to develop a nutritional program for the postoperative period for infants who have had cardiac surgery and to evaluate effects of the program.

Methods: A quasi-experimental design with pretest and posttest measures was used.

Benzene activates caspase-4 and -12 at the transcription level, without an association with apoptosis, in mouse bone marrow cells lacking the p53 gene.

Benzene is a well-known environmental pollutant that can induce hematotoxicity, aplastic anemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, and lymphoma. However, although benzene metabolites are known to induce oxidative stress and disrupt the cell cycle, the mechanism underlying lympho/leukemogenicity is not fully understood. Caspase-4 (alias caspase-11) and -12 are inflammatory caspases implicated in inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis.

Transient pulmonary fibrogenic effect induced by intratracheal instillation of ultrafine amorphous silica in A/J mice.

In order to evaluate the degree of pulmonary fibrosis and to identify the fibrogenic mechanisms induced by ultrafine amorphous silica (UFAS), UFAS suspensions ( approximately 50microl) were instilled intratracheally into A/J mice at doses of 0, 2, 10 and 50mg/kg (n=5 per group). Mice were sacrificed at 24h, 1, 4 and 14 weeks after exposure. Gomori's trichrome staining revealed that UFAS induced severe alveolar epithelial thickening and pulmonary fibrosis at 1 week, though animals almost recovered at 4 and 14 weeks.

Time- and dose-based gene expression profiles produced by a bile-duct-damaging chemical, 4,4'-methylene dianiline, in mouse liver in an acute phase.

A toxicogenomics study was performed in the mouse liver after treatment of a bile-duct-damaging chemical, 4,4'-methylene dianiline (MDA), across multiple doses and sampling times in an acute phase using the AB Expression Array System. Imprinting control region (ICR) mice were given a single oral administration of a low (10 mg/kg b.w.

Primary subcutaneous leiomyosarcoma of the hamster hind leg.

We report the first case of a primary subcutaneous leiomyosarcoma that originated in the hind leg of a hamster and metastasized to the bone marrow, lung and diaphragm. A 10-month-old female Syrian golden hamster was presented with a large, firm, white subcutaneous mass in the right hind leg. The tumor invaded into the bone marrow and small nodules were also present in the lung and diaphragm; however, no tumor masses were found in the visceral organs.