Long-lasting upper ocean temperature responses induced by intense typhoons in mid-latitude.

The sea surface temperature (SST) drops rapidly when a typhoon passes over the western North Pacific, and the cold SST is known as cold wake. In general, more intense typhoons on the day of arrival cause stronger SST cooling via turbulent oceanic vertical mixing. Moreover, after intense typhoons have passed, there are cases in which the SST decreases further, and the cold conditions persist for approximately 2 weeks.

Microalgal diversity fosters stable biomass productivity in open ponds treating wastewater.

It is established that biodiversity determines productivity of natural ecosystems globally. We have proved that abiotic factors influenced biomass productivity in engineered ecosystems i.e.

Polypropylene Bundle Attached Multilayered Stigeoclonium Biofilms Cultivated in Untreated Sewage Generate High Biomass and Lipid Productivity.

The potential of microalgae biofuel has not been realized because of the low productivity and high costs associated with the current cultivation systems. In this study, a new low-cost and transparent attachment material was tested for cultivation of a filamentous algal strain, Stigeoclonium sp., isolated from wastewater.

Study on the micro-heater geometry in In,2O3 micro electro mechanical systems gas sensor platforms and effects on NO2 gas detecting performances.

Micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) platforms for gas sensing devices with the co-planar type micro-heaters were designed, fabricated and its effects on the In2O3 gas sensors were investigated. Micro-heaters in MEMS gas sensor platforms were designed in the four-type heater patterns with different geometries. Electro-thermal characterizations showed that the designed platforms had highly thermal efficiency because the micro hot-plate structures were formed in the diaphragm and the thermal efficiencies were analyzed for all of 16 models and compared with each other, respectively.