Effect of remimazolam on postoperative delirium and cognitive function in adults undergoing general anesthesia or procedural sedation: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Remimazolam is a novel short-acting benzodiazepine. This study compared the effects of remimazolam and propofol on cognitive function in adult patients after surgery or other procedures.

Methods: We searched electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and SCOPUS, for relevant studies.

Comparing the Safety and Efficacy of Remimazolam-based Total Intravenous Anesthesia versus Volatile Agent-based Anesthesia: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Remimazolam is a novel short-acting benzodiazepine that has recently been used for general anesthesia. This study compared the safety and efficacy of remimazolam-based total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and volatile agent-based anesthesia in adults undergoing general anesthesia.

Methods: We searched electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and Scopus for relevant studies.

The Effects of Volatile Anesthetics on Early Clinical Outcomes in Liver Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of volatile anesthesia (VA) on early clinical outcomes in liver transplantation.

Methods: We searched electronic databases to identify relevant studies comparing VA to non-VA in liver transplant recipients. The primary outcome assessed was early allograft dysfunction (EAD), and secondary outcomes were postoperative peak liver function tests (LFT) including aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, and hospitalization time.

Assessment of machine learning classifiers for predicting intraoperative blood transfusion in non-cardiac surgery.

Background: This study aimed to develop a machine learning classifier for predicting intraoperative blood transfusion in non-cardiac surgeries.

Methods: Preoperative data from 6255 patients were extracted from the VitalDB database, an open-source registry. The primary outcome was the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve of ML classifiers in predicting intraoperative blood transfusion, defined as the receipt of at least one unit of packed red blood cells.

Virtual reality vs. Tablet video for venipuncture education in children: A randomized clinical trial.

Pediatric patients usually experience high levels of pain and distress due to venipuncture. This randomised study aimed to evaluate the effects of virtual reality-based preprocedural education in comparison with video-based education in terms of pain and distress experienced by children scheduled to undergo venipuncture. Ninety children aged 4-8 years who were scheduled to undergo venipuncture surgery were randomly assigned to either a video or virtual reality group.

Modified Thoracoabdominal Nerves Block Through Perichondral Approach: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the postoperative analgesic efficacy and safety of the modified thoracoabdominal nerve block through the perichondral approach (M-TAPA) in abdominal surgeries.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: We searched electronic databases to identify relevant studies comparing M-TAPA with conventional analgesic techniques.

The Effect of Remimazolam on Seizure Profile, Hemodynamics, and Recovery in Patients With Electroconvulsive Therapy Comparison With Propofol and Etomidate: A Retrospective Study.

Objectives: To compare seizure-related, hemodynamic, and recovery outcomes when using remimazolam for ECT with those of other anesthetics, specifically propofol and etomidate.

Methods: A total of 49 patients who underwent 405 ECT treatment sessions under general anesthesia were retrospectively analyzed. Remimazolam, propofol, and etomidate were used for 93, 138, and 174 ECT sessions, respectively.

Role of oxygen reserve index monitoring in patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a retrospective study.

Purpose: Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is a common surgical procedure for the treatment of prostate cancer. Although beneficial, it can lead to intraoperative hypoxia due to high-pressure pneumoperitoneum and Trendelenburg position. This study explored the use of oxygen reserve index (ORi) to monitor and predict hypoxia during RARP.

Intraoperative Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials and Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting After Microvascular Decompression.

Background: We performed this study to investigate the effect of intraoperative brainstem auditory evoked potential (IBAEP) changes on the development of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after microvascular decompression (MVD) for neurovascular cross compression.

Methods: A total of 373 consecutive cases were treated with MVD. The use of rescue antiemetics after surgery was used as an objective indicator of PONV.

Effect of patient-controlled analgesia on development of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing microvascular decompression: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) occurs frequently after microvascular decompression (MVD). Fentanyl, an opioid, is strongly related to the development of PONV, and ketorolac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, has been approved for postoperative pain management. However, how ketorolac-based patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) causes PONV or how its efficacy differs from that of fentanyl-based PCA after MVD is unclear.

Artificial intelligence model predicting postoperative pain using facial expressions: a pilot study.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess whether an artificial intelligence model based on facial expressions can accurately predict significant postoperative pain.

Methods: A total of 155 facial expressions from patients who underwent gastric cancer surgery were analyzed to extract facial action units (AUs), gaze, landmarks, and positions. These features were used to construct various machine learning (ML) models, designed to predict significant postoperative pain intensity (NRS ≥ 7) from less significant pain (NRS < 7).

Postoperative analgesic effects of the quadratus lumborum block in pediatric patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: This study assessed the postoperative analgesic efficacy and safety of the quadratus lumborum block (QLB) in pediatric patients.

Methods: Electronic databases were searched for studies comparing the QLB to conventional analgesic techniques in pediatric patients. The primary outcome was the need for rescue analgesia 12 and 24 hours after surgery.

Comparison of Volatile Anesthetics Versus Propofol on Postoperative Cognitive Function After Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: To compare the effects of volatile anesthetics and propofol on neurocognitive function after cardiac surgery.

Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Setting: A literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted.

Etomidate versus Propofol for Electroconvulsive Therapy in Patients with Major Depressive Disorders in Terms of Clinical Responses to Treatment: A Retrospective Analysis.

General anesthetic agents may be associated with the clinical efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), as they may influence seizure quality and duration. Hence, a retrospective study was conducted to compare the clinical effects and seizure variables of etomidate and propofol during ECT. Patients treated with ECT under anesthesia with etomidate (n = 43) or propofol (n = 12) were retrospectively analyzed.

Hemidiaphragmatic paralysis after costoclavicular approach versus other brachial plexus blocks in upper limb surgery: a meta-analysis.

Background: The costoclavicular brachial plexus block (CCB) is a recently established technique that uses the infraclavicular approach and is performed just below the clavicle. This meta-analysis aimed to determine whether CCB can reduce the incidence of hemidiaphragmatic paralysis (HDP), which is a major adverse event related to brachial plexus block (BPB), while yielding comparable block performance as other BPB techniques.

Methods: We searched electronic databases to identify relevant studies that compared the incidence of HDP between CCB and other BPB techniques.

Effect of the Paravertebral Block on Chronic Postsurgical Pain After Thoracic Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the benefits of thoracic paravertebral block (PVB) by focusing on its role in reducing chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) after thoracic surgery.

Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Setting: Electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Scopus, and Web of Science, were searched to identify studies.

The proper timing of virtual reality experience for reducing preoperative anxiety of pediatric patients: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: The virtual reality (VR) experience of an operation room (OR) prior to anesthesia and surgery has been known to reduce the anxiety and distress of pediatric patients. However, the proper timing needed for this is unknown. This randomized clinical study aimed to evaluate the proper timing of a VR tour of an OR (a few days before vs.

The Involvement of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in the Development of Hyperalgesia during the Early Postoperative Period.

Introduction: Hyperalgesia frequently occurs after surgery and is associated with adverse effects on surgical outcomes. Thus, we aimed to examine whether the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function after surgery is involved in the development of postoperative hyperalgesia.

Methods: Surgery- and pain-related variables were measured 24 and 48 h after the first and second total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) in postmenopausal patients undergoing 1-week-interval staged bilateral TKA.

The effect of lidocaine patch for postoperative pain: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Study Objective: The role of lidocaine patch (LP) in reducing postoperative pain by local anesthetic absorption has been evaluated in several studies; however, these trials have shown inconsistent results. This meta-analysis aimed to identify the benefits of LP, focusing on its pain-reducing and morphine-sparing effect in patients after surgery.

Design: Meta-analysis.

Effects of Virtual Reality Education on Procedural Pain and Anxiety During Venipuncture in Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Venipuncture is one of the most frequent and frightening medical procedures for children. This randomized clinical trial aimed to evaluate whether pre-procedural immersive virtual reality (VR) education could decrease pain and anxiety during venipuncture procedure of children.

Methods: Sixty children scheduled for venipuncture at the phlebotomy unit were randomized into either the control or VR group.

Standard digit-based versus 90° rotation technique for supraglottic airway device insertion: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Prompt insertion and placement of supraglottic airway (SGA) devices in the correct position are required to secure the airway. This meta-analysis was performed to validate the usefulness of the 90° rotation technique as compared with the standard digit-based technique for the insertion of SGA devices in anesthetized patients in terms of insertion success rate, insertion time, and postoperative complications.

Methods: A literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted.

Efficacy of quadratus lumborum block for analgesia in adult participants undergoing hip surgery: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Study Objective: This study aimed to identify the benefits of quadratus lumborum block (QLB) in terms of postoperative analgesic effects in adult participants undergoing hip surgery.

Design: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Setting: Previous randomized controlled trials that evaluated the analgesic effect of QLB compared to that of no block.