Increased Risk of End-Stage Kidney Disease After Traumatic Amputation: Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Amputation confers disabilities upon patients and is associated with substantial cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity and mortality. We aimed to compare the incidence of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) between individuals with amputation and the general population.

Methods: A population-based retrospective cohort study was performed using the Nationwide Health Insurance Service database for the period between 2010 and 2018.

Prevalence of Vancomycin-Variable Enterococci from the Bloodstream in the Korea Global Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance System, 2017-2022.

Vancomycin-variable enterococci (VVE), though genetically containing genes, are phenotypically sensitive to vancomycin. If VVE is undetected or does not grow on the vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) selection medium, or both, it can acquire resistance upon exposure to vancomycin. This characteristic is clinically important for the treatment and prevention of VRE.

Genomic Analysis of Carbapenem-Resistant Isolated from Bloodstream Infections in South Korea.

Background/objectives: Bloodstream infection by carbapenem-resistant (CRAB) is a serious clinical problem worldwide. To study its clonal relationship and genetic features, we report the draft genome sequence of CRAB strains isolated from human blood in South Korea.

Methods: Among strains isolated from patients at nine general hospitals in 2020, 12 CRAB strains of different genotypes were selected.

Development of a Recombinase Polymerase Amplification-Coupled CRISPR/Cas12a Platform for Rapid Detection of Antimicrobial-Resistant Genes in Carbapenem-Resistant .

The worldwide spread of carbapenemase-producing (CPE) represents a significant threat owing to the high mortality and morbidity rates. Traditional diagnostic methods are often too slow and complex for rapid point-of-care testing. Therefore, we developed a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA)-coupled CRISPR/Cas12a system (RCCS), a rapid, accurate, and simple diagnostic platform for detecting antimicrobial-resistant genes.

Gut Microbiota and New Microbiome-Targeted Drugs for Infections.

is a major causative pathogen for antibiotic-associated diarrhea and infections (CDIs) may lead to life-threatening diseases in clinical settings. Most of the risk factors for the incidence of CDIs, i.e.

Sublethal Sodium Hypochlorite Exposure: Impact on Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division Efflux Pump Overexpression and Cross-Resistance to Imipenem.

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is widely used in public healthcare facilities; this exposure can result in the development of bacterial tolerance to disinfectants, which has known links to antibiotic cross-resistance. However, the mechanism through which cross-resistance to antibiotics and disinfectants develops remains ambiguous. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the phenotypic and transcriptomic changes caused by disinfectant exposure in Gram-negative bacteria and determine the cause of cross-resistance to antibiotics.

Elective Versus Nonelective Spinal Fusions: Surgical and Financial Outcomes in a Bundled Payment Reimbursement Model.

Background And Objectives: Bundled payment for care improvement advanced (BPCIA) is a voluntary alternative payment model administered by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services using value-based care to reduce costs by incentivizing care coordination and improved quality. We aimed to identify drivers of negative financial performance in BPCIA among patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery.

Methods: This is a single-institution retrospective review of patients enrolled in BPCIA undergoing spinal fusion with DRGs 453, 454, 455, 459, and 460 from 2018 to 2022.

Risk Factors for Sacroiliac Joint Fusion after Instrumented Spinal Fusion.

Study Design: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To identify risk factors for sacroiliac (SI) joint fusion after instrumented spinal fusion.

Methods: Patients were identified from the PearlDiver BiscayneBay database.

Base excision repair and double strand break repair cooperate to modulate the formation of unrepaired double strand breaks in mouse brain.

We lack the fundamental information needed to understand how DNA damage in the brain is generated and how it is controlled over a lifetime in the absence of replication check points. To address these questions, here, we integrate cell-type and region-specific features of DNA repair activity in the normal brain. The brain has the same repair proteins as other tissues, but normal, canonical repair activity is unequal and is characterized by high base excision repair (BER) and low double strand break repair (DSBR).

Alteration in the Morphological and Transcriptomic Profiles of after Exposure to Colistin.

is often highly resistant to multiple antimicrobials, posing a risk of treatment failure, and colistin is a "last resort" for treatment of the bacterial infection. However, colistin resistance is easily developed when the bacteria are exposed to the drug, and a comprehensive analysis of colistin-mediated changes in colistin-susceptible and -resistant is needed. In this study, using an isogenic pair of colistin-susceptible and -resistant isolates, alterations in morphologic and transcriptomic characteristics associated with colistin resistance were revealed.

High Lumbar Spinal Fusion Rates Using Cellular Bone Allograft Irrespective of Surgical Approach.

Background: Mounting evidence demonstrates a promising safety and efficacy profile for spinal fusion procedures using cellular bone allograft (CBA). However, limited data exists on fusion outcomes stratified by surgical approach. The current study investigates the effectiveness of CBA in lumbar spinal fusion by surgical approach (ie, anterior, lateral, and posterior approaches).

The Multiplicative Effects of Individual Risk Factors in the Development of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head.

Background: While individual risk factors, including chronic corticosteroid use, alcohol abuse, and smoking, are implicated in osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), the degree to which multiple risk factors increase risk is unknown. This study aimed to: (1) identify the demographic characteristics of patients who have ONFH; (2) quantify the effects of individual risk factors on ONFH development; (3) quantify the effects of combined risk factors on ONFH development; and (4) determine the prognostic implications of combined risk factors on ONFH development.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study.

Association between depression and young-onset dementia in middle-aged women.

Background: Dementia is associated with older adults; however, it can also affect younger individuals, known as young-onset dementia (YOD), when diagnosed before the age of 65 years. We aimed to conduct a retrospective cohort study involving middle-aged women to investigate the association between premorbid depression and YOD development.

Methods: We included 1.

Epigenetic roles of KDM3B and KDM3C in tumorigenesis and their therapeutic implications.

Advances in functional studies on epigenetic regulators have disclosed the vital roles played by diverse histone lysine demethylases (KDMs), ranging from normal development to tumorigenesis. Most of the KDMs are Jumonji C domain-containing (JMJD) proteins. Many of these KDMs remove methyl groups from histone tails to regulate gene transcription.

Intravesical instillation-based mTOR-STAT3 dual targeting for bladder cancer treatment.

Background: Recent intravesical administration of adenoviral vectors, either as a single injection or in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors, exemplified by cretostimogene grenadenorepvec and nadofaragene firadenovec, has demonstrated remarkable efficacy in clinical trials for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Despite their ability to induce an enhanced immune reaction within the lesion, the intracellular survival signaling of cancer cells has not been thoroughly addressed.

Methods: An analysis of the prognostic data revealed a high probability of therapeutic efficacy with simultaneous inhibition of mTOR and STAT3.

hsa-miR-CHA2, a novel microRNA, exhibits anticancer effects by suppressing cyclin E1 in human non-small cell lung cancer cells.

Despite considerable therapeutic advancements, the global survival rate for lung cancer patients remains poor, posing challenges in developing an effective treatment strategy. In many cases, microRNAs (miRNAs) exhibit abnormal expression levels in cancers, including lung cancer. Dysregulated miRNAs often play a crucial role in the development and progression of cancer.

Risk of Heart Disease in Patients With Amputation: A Nationwide Cohort Study in South Korea.

Background: Amputation confers disabilities upon patients and is linked to substantial morbidity and death attributed to heart disease. While some studies have focused on traumatic amputees in veterans, few studies have focused on traumatic amputees within the general population. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the risk of heart disease in patients with traumatic amputation with disability within the general population using a large-scale nationwide population-based cohort.

Tuberculosis and osteoporotic fracture risk: development of individualized fracture risk estimation prediction model using a nationwide cohort study.

Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) is linked to sustained inflammation even after treatment, and fracture risk is higher in TB survivors than in the general population. However, no individualized fracture risk prediction model exists for TB survivors. We aimed to estimate fracture risk, identify fracture-related factors, and develop an individualized risk prediction model for TB survivors.