Publications by authors named "Jung Y Hong"
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are effective in a subset of patients with metastatic solid tumors. However, the patients who would benefit most from ICIs in biliary tract cancer (BTC) are still controversial.
Materials And Methods: We molecularly characterized tissues and blood from 32 patients with metastatic BTC treated with the ICI pembrolizumab as second-line therapy.
Background: Patients with borderline resectable (BR) or locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) require complex management strategies. This study evaluated the prognostic significance of the perichemotherapy skeletal muscle index (SMI) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) in patients with BRPC or LAPC treated with FOLFIRINOX.
Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 227 patients with BR or LAPC who received at least four cycles of chemotherapy between 2015 and 2020.
Background & Aims: Hyperglycemia is associated with an increased risk of gallbladder cancer (GBC), potentially by inhibiting gallbladder motility and inducing prolonged cholestasis. Although intermediate hyperglycemia (or prediabetes) is highly reversible, evidence is lacking about whether prediabetes persistence or remission is associated with an altered GBC risk.
Methods: This nationwide cohort study included 6058,662 adults without diabetes or cancer who underwent national health examinations twice in 2-year intervals between 2009 (S1) and 2011 (S2) and were followed-up until 2018.
Background: In this single-arm, multicenter, phase 2 trial, the authors evaluated the efficacy and safety of avelumab plus gemcitabine in patients with leiomyosarcoma (LMS) who failed on first-line chemotherapy.
Methods: Patients with advanced LMS received avelumab 10 mg/kg on days 1 and 15 (for up to 24 months) plus gemcitabine 1000 mg/m on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle until they developed disease progression or intolerable toxicity. The primary end point was the objective response rate (ORR).
Ibrutinib, a Bruton Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) inhibitor, has shown effectiveness against various B-cell lymphoid malignancies. However, prolonged usage can induce resistance, affecting treatment outcomes. The oncogenic microRNA, miR-155-5p, is associated with poor prognosis in B-cell lymphomas, prompting our investigation into the mechanism of acquired ibrutinib resistance in these cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF)-mutant colorectal cancer (CRC), encorafenib-cetuximab has been established as standard second-line therapy, but not all patients respond and the duration of response is relatively short. Overcoming intrinsic or acquired resistance to BRAF/EGFR inhibitors is crucial for enhancing treatment outcomes in metastatic BRAF-mutated CRC. The aim of the study is to investigate the resistance mechanisms in BRAF-mutant CRC patient refractory to BRAF/EGFR targeted therapy.
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- KRAS is a key proto-oncogene with mutations and amplifications linked to various cancers, yet KRAS amplification remains poorly understood and lacks targeted treatments beyond traditional chemotherapy.
- In a study involving 3895 cancer patients, KRAS amplification was found in 99 individuals (2.5%), with the highest rates in colorectal (2%), gastric (3.48%), and pancreatic (3.88%) cancers, but there was no relationship between KRAS amplification and tumor mutation burden (TMB).
- The research revealed that a significant portion of patients with KRAS amplification also had KRAS mutations, particularly in colorectal cancer, where over half of the affected patients had both amplification and mutations, indicating a complex interaction with other tumor suppress
Introduction: We conducted an open-label, single-arm, multi-center phase II trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of imatinib chemotherapy-refractory or metastatic solid tumor patients with c-KIT mutations and/or amplification.
Methods: c-KIT mutations and amplification were detected using NGS. Imatinib (400 mg daily) was administered continuously in 28-day cycles until disease progression, unacceptable adverse events, or death by any cause.
Article Synopsis
- Diabetes mellitus (DM) causes high oxidative stress leading to cardiac damage, particularly through the sulfoxylation of proteins, which impairs their function and can contribute to heart failure.
- The study focused on methionine sulfoxide reductase B2 (MsrB2), which can reverse the damage caused by oxidative stress, finding that its expression increases in diabetic heart cells, suggesting a protective role.
- MsrB2 promotes mitophagy, and its absence in knockout mice led to worse heart function and more cardiac fibrosis, with similar results observed in human samples, highlighting its potential as a protective factor against diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Minnelide is a water-soluble disodium salt variant of triptolide, an HSP70 inhibitor that can prevent tumor progression and induce apoptosis. Maximum tolerated dose (MTD), safety, and antitumor activity of Minnelide alone and its combination with paclitaxel were evaluated in this open-label, single-center, dose-escalation phase I study (NCT05566834) in patients who were previously treated for advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Minnelide was administered orally using a 3 + 3 dose-escalation design as monotherapy (Regimen A), and in combination with paclitaxel (Regimen B & C).
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- - The study analyzed the effectiveness of cytotoxic chemotherapy, specifically doxorubicin combined with dacarbazine, in treating recurrent desmoid tumors in 25 patients from two hospitals in Korea between 2007 and 2020.
- - Results showed a significant objective response rate of 64% and a disease control rate of 96%, with a median follow-up of 55 months demonstrating a 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate of 65% and overall survival (OS) rate of 89%.
- - Despite manageable severe hematologic side effects in some patients, the findings suggest that this treatment could be a viable option for those battling progressive desmoid tumors.
Article Synopsis
- Nivolumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, was tested alongside external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with macrovascular invasion, aiming to evaluate its efficacy and safety.* -
- In a phase II trial involving 50 patients, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 5.6 months, and overall survival was 15.2 months, with an objective response rate of 36% and a disease control rate of 74% observed.* -
- While 80% of patients experienced treatment-related side effects, mostly mild (like pruritus and rash), the combination therapy demonstrated promising results, indicating that it can be a viable option for managing this type
This study addresses the demand for research models that can support patient-treatment decisions and clarify the complexities of a tumor microenvironment by developing an advanced non-animal preclinical cancer model. Based on patient-derived tumor spheroids (PDTS), the proposed model reconstructs the tumor microenvironment with emphasis on tumor spheroid-driven angiogenesis. The resulting microfluidic chip system mirrors angiogenic responses elicited by PDTS, recapitulating patient-specific tumor conditions and providing robust, easily quantifiable outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRegorafenib has anti-tumor activity in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) with potential immunomodulatory effects, suggesting that its combination with immune checkpoint inhibitor may have clinically meaningful benefits in patients with uHCC. The multicenter, single-arm, phase 2 RENOBATE trial tested regorafenib-nivolumab as front-line treatment for uHCC. Forty-two patients received nivolumab 480 mg every 4 weeks and regorafenib 80 mg daily (3-weeks-on/1-week-off schedule).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: To evaluate the efficacy and optimal timing of local treatment in patients with borderline resectable (BR) or locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) treated with upfront FOLFIRINOX.
Method: Between 2015 and 2020, 258 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) were analysed. Treatment outcomes were compared between systemic treatment group (ST) and multimodality treatment groups (MT) using Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test.
Article Synopsis
- * Out of 3,895 patients tested, 77 (2.0%) showed RAF1 aberrations, with the majority being single-nucleotide mutations, followed by amplifications and fusions, with bladder cancer being the most common tumor type.
- * The research highlights that patients with RAF1 aberrations had a higher occurrence of microsatellite instability high (MSI-H) tumors compared to those with wild-type cancers, suggesting a potential link between RAF1 alterations and specific tumor characteristics.
Aging is a growing problem worldwide, and the prevalence and mortality of arterial and venous thromboembolism (VTE) are higher in the elderly than in the young population. To address this issue, various anticoagulants have been used. However, no evidence can confirm that antithrombotic agents are suitable for the elderly.
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- Individuals with diabetes and prediabetes have a higher risk of pancreatic cancer, particularly if they are current smokers, as found in a study involving over 9.5 million adults in South Korea.
- The study tracked the pancreatic cancer diagnoses over nearly a decade and revealed that current smokers had significantly increased risk levels, while those who quit smoking matched the risk of never-smokers.
- Importantly, individuals with less than 20 pack-years of smoking history experienced similar cancer risk as non-smokers after quitting, highlighting the benefits of smoking cessation for reducing pancreatic cancer risk.
Introduction: The association between smoking cessation and intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA and eCCA) risk is unclear. Furthermore, the association in individuals with preexisting risk factors is unknown. We aimed to investigate the association between smoking status (especially smoking cessation) and CCA risk according to individuals' glycemic status.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/aim: Patients with large (>5 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have limited treatment options, thus necessitating the identification of prognostic factors and the development of predictive tools. This study aimed to identify prognostic factors and to construct a nomogram to predict survival outcomes in patients with large HCC.
Methods: A cohort of 438 patients, who were diagnosed with large HCC at a tertiary hospital between 2015 and 2018, was analyzed.
Background/aim: No standard treatment is currently recommended for advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC) after first-line therapy with gemcitabine plus cisplatin. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a pemetrexed and erlotinib combination in patients with BTC previously treated with gemcitabine.
Patients And Methods: This phase II, open-label, single-arm study enrolled patients with BTC who had previously failed gemcitabine-based first-line chemotherapy.
Introduction: We assessed the performance of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET)-based radiomics for the prediction of tumor mutational burden (TMB) and prognosis using a machine learning (ML) approach in patients with stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC).
Methods: Ninety-one CRC patients who underwent pretreatment FDG PET/computed tomography (CT) and palliative chemotherapy were retrospectively included. PET-based radiomics were extracted from the primary tumor on PET imaging using the software LIFEx.
Purpose: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) protein expression or gene amplification is a significant predictive biomarker for identifying patients with cancer, who may benefit from -targeted therapy. The aim of this study was to survey the proportion of patients who had aberration and to investigate the correlation between amplification and HER2 overexpression in immunohistochemistry (IHC) as a real-world data.
Methods: We surveyed the incidence of aberration including mutation (single-nucleotide variant [SNV]), amplification (copy-number variation), and fusion by next-generation sequencing (NGS) in 2,119 patients with cancer from Samsung Medical Center in South Korea.
Background: Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is rare. There are no standard treatments due to its rarity and few clinical trials.
Methods: The objective of this multicenter study was to investigate treatment outcomes of Korean patients with advanced/metastatic EMPD.