A high-resolution transcriptomic and spatial atlas of cell types in the whole mouse brain.

The mammalian brain consists of millions to billions of cells that are organized into many cell types with specific spatial distribution patterns and structural and functional properties. Here we report a comprehensive and high-resolution transcriptomic and spatial cell-type atlas for the whole adult mouse brain. The cell-type atlas was created by combining a single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) dataset of around 7 million cells profiled (approximately 4.

Molecularly defined and spatially resolved cell atlas of the whole mouse brain.

In mammalian brains, millions to billions of cells form complex interaction networks to enable a wide range of functions. The enormous diversity and intricate organization of cells have impeded our understanding of the molecular and cellular basis of brain function. Recent advances in spatially resolved single-cell transcriptomics have enabled systematic mapping of the spatial organization of molecularly defined cell types in complex tissues, including several brain regions (for example, refs.

White matter-based brain network topological properties associated with individual impulsivity.

Delay discounting (DD), a parameter derived from the intertemporal choice task, is a representative behavioral indicator of choice impulsivity. Previous research reported not only an association between DD and impulsive control disorders and negative health outcomes but also the neural correlates of DD. However, to date, there are few studies investigating the structural brain network topologies associated with individual differences in DD and whether self-reported measures (BIS-11) of impulsivity associated with DD share the same or distinct neural mechanisms is still unclear.

Corrigendum: Defining discriminatory antibody fingerprints in active and latent tuberculosis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.

Poly(ethylene glycol)-Engrafted Graphene Oxide for Gene Delivery and Nucleic Acid Amplification.

Graphene oxide (GO) is an oxidized form of graphene accommodating various oxygen-containing functional groups such as hydroxyl, epoxy, and carboxyl groups on its surface. GO has been extensively utilized in various biomedical applications including the delivery of biomolecules and the development of biosensors owing to its beneficial properties such as high surface area, nucleic acid adsorption, and fluorescence quenching through fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). However, despite these favorable properties, the direct utilization of GO in these applications is often limited by low dispersibility in a physiological medium, cytotoxicity, low biocompatibility, and a strong binding affinity of nucleic acids to GO surface.

Significance of headache in intracranial vertebrobasilar artery dissections: an observational study.

Headache may represent acute phase of intracranial vertebrobasilar artery dissection (iVBAD). We aimed to evaluate its clinical significance in iVBAD. Consecutive acute iVBAD patients were grouped into ruptured iVBAD, unruptured iVBAD with no headache, isolated headache, or concurrent headache with neurological symptoms.

Effects of micro-sized biodegradable plastics on Microcystis aeruginosa.

Plethora of plastics are being used in current society, generating huge amounts of plastic waste. Non-biodegradability of conventional plastics is one of the main challenges to treat plastic waste. In an effort to increase the efficiency of plastic waste treatment, biodegradable plastics have gained attention.

The Optimal Treatment Strategy for Postoperative Anastomotic Leakage After Esophagectomy: a Comparative Analysis Between Endoscopic Vacuum Therapy and Conventional Treatment.

Background: We compared the clinical outcomes between endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) and conventional treatment (CT) for the management of post-esophagectomy anastomotic leakage.

Methods: A retrospective review of the medical records of patients who underwent esophagectomy with esophagogastrostomy from November 2003 to August 2021 was conducted. Thirty-four patients who developed anastomotic leakage were analyzed according to whether they underwent CT (n = 13) or EVT (n = 21).

Effect of knowledgebase transition of a clinical decision support system on medication order and alert patterns in an emergency department.

A knowledgebase (KB) transition of a clinical decision support (CDS) system occurred at the study site. The transition was made from one commercial database to another, provided by a different vendor. The change was applied to all medications in the institute.

Chiral Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Conjugated Polymers with Intramolecular Rotation-Isomeric Conformation Asymmetry for Near-Infrared Circularly Polarized Light-Sensing Organic Phototransistors.

Recent advances in chiral nanomaterials interacting with circularly polarized (CP) light open new expectations for optoelectronics in various research fields such as quantum- and biology-related technology. To fully utilize the great potential of chiral optoelectronic devices, the development of chiral optoelectronic devices that function in the near-infrared (NIR) region is required. Herein, we demonstrate a NIR-absorbing, chiroptical, low-band-gap polymer semiconductor for high-performance NIR CP light phototransistors.

Promoting foot self-care in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients receiving hemodialysis based on the information-motivation-behavioral skills model.

This study develops and verifies the use of the foot self-care behavioral model in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) receiving hemodialysis (HD) based on the information-motivation-behavioral skills model. Data were collected between June and August 2021 from 156 outpatients with type 2 diabetes who were receiving regular HD. A structured questionnaire and electronic medical records were used to collect demographic and disease-related data along with Foot Care Knowledge Questionnaires, third version of Diabetes Attitude Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Foot Care Confidence Scale, and Foot Self-care Behavior Scale.

EAG-RS: A Novel Explainability-Guided ROI-Selection Framework for ASD Diagnosis via Inter-Regional Relation Learning.

Deep learning models based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) have been widely used to diagnose brain diseases, particularly autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Existing studies have leveraged the functional connectivity (FC) of rs-fMRI, achieving notable classification performance. However, they have significant limitations, including the lack of adequate information while using linear low-order FC as inputs to the model, not considering individual characteristics (i.

A Web-Based Decision Aid for Informed Prostate Cancer Screening: Development and Pilot Evaluation.

Background: Prostate-specific antigen-based routine screening is not recommended for the general population due to conflicting results with mortality reduction. We aimed to develop a web-based decision aid (DA) for informed decision making for prostate cancer screening.

Methods: Using the International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS) development process model, we developed our DA based on patient and clinician interviews and multidisciplinary expert discussions.

Perilipin1 Expression as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung.

Perilipin (PLIN) is a major structural protein located on the surface of lipid droplets. PLIN plays an important role in human metabolism and is associated with metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and endocrine disorders. The dysregulation of lipid metabolism is one of the most prominent metabolic changes observed in cancers.

Precursor deconvolution error estimation: The missing puzzle piece in false discovery rate in top-down proteomics.

Top-down proteomics (TDP) directly analyzes intact proteins and thus provides more comprehensive qualitative and quantitative proteoform-level information than conventional bottom-up proteomics (BUP) that relies on digested peptides and protein inference. While significant advancements have been made in TDP in sample preparation, separation, instrumentation, and data analysis, reliable and reproducible data analysis still remains one of the major bottlenecks in TDP. A key step for robust data analysis is the establishment of an objective estimation of proteoform-level false discovery rate (FDR) in proteoform identification.

Effect of Feature Shape and Dimension of a Confinement Geometry on Selectivity of Electrocatalytic CO Reduction.

The local confinement effect, which can generate a high concentration of hydroxide ions and reaction intermediates near the catalyst surface, is an important strategy for converting CO into multi-carbon products in electrocatalytic CO reduction. Therefore, understanding how the shape and dimension of the confinement geometry affect the product selectivity is crucial. In this study, we report for the first time the effect of the shape (degree of confinement) and dimension of the confined space on the product selectivity without changing the intrinsic property of Cu.

Intravascular NK/T-cell lymphoma: a case report and literature review.

Intravascular lymphoma is characterized by an exclusively intravascular distribution of tumor cells. Intravascular natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (IVNKTL) is extremely rare, highly aggressive, commonly Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive, and predominantly affects the skin and central nervous system. Here we report a case of IVNKTL diagnosed in a 67-year-old female, presenting with persistent intermittent fever and skin rashes throughout the body.

Poly(vinyl alcohol)/chitosan hydrogel incorporating chitooligosaccharide-gentisic acid conjugate with antioxidant and antibacterial properties as a potential wound dressing.

The design and development of wound dressing with antioxidant and antibacterial properties to accelerate wound healing remain challenging. In this study, we synthesize a chitooligosaccharide-gentisic acid (COS-GSA) conjugate using the free-radical grafting method, and fabricate a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/chitosan (CH)/COS-GSA (PVA/CH/CG) hydrogel using a freeze-thaw method. We characterize the synthesized COS-GSA conjugates using through polyphenol assay, absorbance, and H NMR spectroscopy and evaluate their antioxidant properties.